THESIS

SYNOPSIS

PRESENTATION
BY
SABAHAT SAFOORA
 TITLE

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CAFFEINE AND

CAFFEINATED BEVERAGES AND THIER IMPACT ON
HUMAN HEALTH
 INTRODUCTION
★ Soft drinks are those drinks which do not contain alcohol. These
soft drinks are either carbonated or non-carbonated soft drinks.
Carbonated soft drinks are consumed widely across the globe.
Today, when people are becoming more health conscious,
concerns are being raised regarding the impact of carbonated
soft drinks on health. (Lenny R. Vartanian at al.,)
● soft drink intake with increased energy intake
and body weight. Soft drink intake also was
associated with lower intakes of milk, calcium,
and other nutrients and with an increased risk of
several medical problems (e.g., diabetes)
 ● Consumption of energy drinks has been increasing
dramatically in the last two decades, particularly amongst
adolescents and young adults.
● Energy drinks are aggressively marketed with the claim that these
products give an energy boost to improve physical and cognitive
performance. several adverse health effects have been related to
energy drink; this has raised the question of whether these beverages
are safe.
● It is concluded that although energy drink may have beneficial
effects on physical performance, these products also have possible
detrimental health consequences. Marketing of energy drinks should
be limited or forbidden until independent research confirms their
safety, particularly among adolescents.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE -1
Energy drinks belong to a class of products, in liquid form, that typically contain
caffeine, with or without other added dietary supplements. The first energy drink
appeared in the U.S. in 1949 and was marketed as “Dr. Enuf”. (1) In Europe, they were
launched for the first time in 1987; then the market expanded throughout the world,
becoming very popular after the launch of Red Bull in 1997. (2) Since then, the energy
drink market has grown dramatically, with various brands released worldwide. The
annual consumption of energy drinks in 2013 exceeded 5.8 billion liters in around 160
countries. (3) The estimated total U.S. retail market value for energy drinks was around
12.5 billion USD in 2012 and the market increased 56% from 2006 to 2002. (
Ahmed Abdulrahman Alsunni ’)
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE -2
Since the introduction of Red Bull in Austria in 1987 and in the United States in
1997, the energy drink market has grown exponentially. Hundreds of different
brands are now marketed, with caffeine content ranging from a modest 50 mg to
an alarming 505 mg per can or bottle. Regulation of energy drinks, including
content labeling and health warnings differs across countries, with some of the
most lax regulatory requirements in the U.S. The absence of regulatory oversight
has resulted in aggressive marketing of energy drinks, targeted primarily toward
young males, for psychoactive, performance-enhancing and stimulant drug
effects. Roland Griffiths at al.,
REVIEW OF LITERATURE -3
Energy drinks (EDs) are beverages similar to soft drinks,
characterized by high caffeine concentrations with additional
ingredients like taurine and vitamins, marketed for boosting
energy, reducing tiredness, increasing concentration, and for their
ergogenic effect. The majority of consumers are children,
adolescents, and young athletes. Although EDs companies claim
about the ergogenic and remineralizing properties of their
products, there is a serious lack of evidence at preclinical as well
as clinical level to validate their benefits. The regular intake and
long-term consequences of these caffeinated drinks are not well
documented, especially the possible negative effects in
adolescents whose brain is still developing.Cristina Cadoni
REVIEW OF LITERATURE -4

Dr Malcolm Barlow, a cardiologist who treated Mr Penbross at

Newcastle's John Hunter Hospital, said it appeared excessive
consumption of energy drinks had precipitated the heart attack.
He said Mr Penbross had no other risk factors apart from
smoking and had told him he previously experienced chest
pain at times when his intake of the drinks was high.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE -5

Chad J Reissig Red Bull in Austria in 1987 and in the United States in
1997, the energy drink market has grown exponentially. Hundreds of
different brands are now marketed, with caffeine content ranging from a
modest 50 mg to an alarming 505 mg per can or bottle. Regulation of
energy drinks, including content labeling and health warnings differs
across countries, with some of the most lax regulatory requirements in
the U.S. The absence of regulatory oversight has resulted in aggressive
marketing of energy drinks, targeted primarily toward young males, for
psychoactive, performance-enhancing and stimulant drug effects.
 AIM:
To study on knowledge , attitude and practice
regarding carbonated soft drinks and their
impact on human health
 OBJECTIVES
❖ To determine the level of carbonated drinks consumptions of
carbonated drinks among the adolescent age group
❖ To compare the caffeine prevalence in various soft drinks and its effect
on human health
❖ Energy drink consumption benefical and adverse health effects on
human health
❖ Preparation of questionnaire
 METHODOLOGY
★ Soft drinks have many health problems. Soft drinks has far more serious
health issues are turned into many type of diseases such as Obesity,
Diabetes, body weight, heart disease, stomach problem, cancer, liver
damage, infertility, bone health, teeth disorders among children and aged
persons.
★ While both caffeine and non-caffeinated beverages have their benefits, it
ultimately come down to personal preference and individual tolerance. If you
are sensitive to caffeine or are looking to reduce your intake, non-caffeinated
beverages may be a better choice for you. If you are looking for a quick energy
boost or improved cognitive function, caffeine may be the better option. It is
important to remember to consume any beverage in moderation and as part of
a balanced diet.
 ❖ Preparation of questionnaire which includes:
❖ Do you consume soft drinks?
When you think about energy drinks what is the BRAND NAME
that comes FIRST to your mind?
How often do you purchase energy drinks?
How often do you consume soft drinks?
a) Daily
b) Weekly
c) Monthly
d) Occasionally
Which of the following soft drinks do you prefer more? (you may choose
more than one answer)
➔ Pepsi
➔ String
➔ Red bull
➔ Coke
➔ Diet Pepsi
➔ Diet Coke
➔ 7-up
➔ Sprite
➔ Diet 7-up
➔ Diet Sprite
➔ Thumbs uo
➔ m) Other...............................(Please Specify)
 HYPOTHESIS
★ Soft drinks have many health problems. Soft
drinks has far more serious health issues are
turned into many type of diseases such as
Obesity, Diabetes, body weight, heart disease,
stomach problem, cancer, liver damage,
infertility, bone health, teeth disorders among
children and aged persons.
★ Drinking high amounts of sugar-sweetened
beverages — such as soda — can have various
adverse impacts on your health. These range
from increased chances of tooth decay to a higher
risk of heart disease and metabolic disorders like
type 2 diabetes
➢ Large amount of sugar, artificial
sweetener and food colour in
soft drinks are turned into
obesity , and high chances of
diabetes. Soft drinks have
higher risk of cancer diseases
and liver problem
REFERANCES
❏ Ahmed Abdulrahman Alsunni, MBBS, PhD
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of
Dammam
Correspondence: Ahmed Abdulrahman Alsunni, MBBS, PhD,
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of
Dammam, Damman, KSA, PO Box 1527, Alkhobar

❖ Cadoni Cristina Research scientistCittadella Universitaria di

MonserratoS.S. 554, Km 4,509042 Monserrato
 ★ Roland Griffiths, Ph.D., is Professor in the Departments of
Psychiatry and Neurosciences at the Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine. His principal research focus in both clinical and
preclinical laboratories has been on the behavioral and subjective
effects of mood-altering drugs. His research has been largely
supported by grants from the National Institute on Health and he is
author of over 400 journal articles and book chapters, and has
trained more than 50 postdoctoral research fellows.
★ Chris Griffiths is Professor of Primary Care at Barts and The London
School of Medicine and Dentistry at Queen Mary University of
London, Co-Director of the Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research,
Visiting Professor at the University of Edinburgh, Principal
Investigator at the
MRC-Asthma UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma,
Population Health Theme Lead for the NIHR Applied Research
Collaboration North Thames, Fellow of the Royal College of
Physicians, Fellow of the Royal College of General Practitioners, and
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION