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Long Column Engineering Basics

Columns transmit weight from above to structures below through compression. Long columns have a length to width ratio over 12 and can fail through buckling. They have a lower load capacity than shorter columns due to secondary moments that increase deflection. Slenderness is measured as the length-width ratio, and columns are considered slender over 40, where Euler's buckling theory applies.

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191 views27 pages

Long Column Engineering Basics

Columns transmit weight from above to structures below through compression. Long columns have a length to width ratio over 12 and can fail through buckling. They have a lower load capacity than shorter columns due to secondary moments that increase deflection. Slenderness is measured as the length-width ratio, and columns are considered slender over 40, where Euler's buckling theory applies.

Uploaded by

Huzaifa zafer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Column

• A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a
structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight
of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other
words, a column is a compression member.

• For the purpose of wind or earthquake engineering, columns may


be designed to resist lateral forces.

1
Column
Columns are frequently used to support 
beams or arches on which the upper parts
of walls or ceilings rest.

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Long Column

• A long columns is basically defined as a columns by which the ratio of


the efficient size of the column to the least lateral dimension of the
column is greater than 12.

• The degree of slenderness is generally expressed in term of


slenderness l,r where l’ is the unsupported length of the member while
r is the radius o gyration of its cross-section

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Long Column
• Long columns will fail due to buckling or bending.

• For longer columns, Euler’s theory will apply.

• The lateral dimension will be significantly smaller than the length of the columns.

• The ratio of slenderness will be greater than 40.

• The load-carrying capacity will decrease with an increase in column length.

• Long and cylinder columns buckle easily

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Long Column

• It has a very low crushing tendency.

• A long column has a lower load-carrying capacity than a shorter columns of


the same cross-sectional area.

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Long Column

Most columns are subjected to bending moments as well as axial loads.

Theses moments produce lateral deflection of member between its ends


and may also results in lateral displacements of joints.

Associated with these lateral displacement are secondary moments that


add to the primary moments and that may become very large for slender
columns, leading to failure.

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Long Column
A practical definition of slender column is one for which there is
significant reduction in axial load capacity because of these
secondary moments.

The basic information on the behaviour of straight concentrically


loaded slender column was developed by Euler more than 200
years ago.

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Long Column
In generalized form, it state that such member will fail by buckling at
critical load.

It is seen that the buckling load decrease rapidly with increase slender
ratio

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Long Column

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Long Column
Size

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Long Column
In case of non-sway frame the effect of slenderness may be neglected and
the column may be designed as short column when

Where M1 and M2 are the factored end moments of the column and M2 is
greater than M1

While in case of sway frame the effects of slenderness ratio may be


neglected when

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Design Procedure

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