Parts of speech.

Notional
parts of speech.
The Verb. Participle.

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 What is speech?

 the act of expressing or describing

thoughts, feelings, or perceptions by
the articulation of words;

 is a system consisting of many

elements, which in linguistics are
called its parts.

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 part of speech
is a term used in traditional grammar for one of the nine
main categories into which words are classified
according to their functions in sentences
In grammar, a part of speech (also a word class, a lexical
class, or a lexical category) is a linguistic category of
words (or more precisely lexical items), which is
generally defined by the syntactic or morphological
behavior of the lexical item in question

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Classification of parts of speech in the English language

parts of speech

Notional Functional

Demonstrate the
relations between the
Have lexical meaning,
notional words or specify
Denote a notion
the grammatical
meaning.
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Classification of parts of speech in the English language

parts of speech

Notional Functional

Noun, Verb, Article, Preposition,

Adverb, Adjective, Conjunction,
Pronoun, Numeral Interjection

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 The Verb
subj
ec t
tells us that the subject v er b
of sentence is doing. A
word used to describe
an action and completes
the meaning of sentence
it is called verb.
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 verbs
Finite Non Finite
Main helping
Participle
Transitive
Primary Modal Gerund
Intransitive
Infinitive
Linking
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 Finite & Non-finite verbs
Definition: A verb which shows
time or a verb which is limited
by number, person, and tense of
the subject is known as a Finite
verb.
Definition: A verb that does not
show time or a verb which is
not limited by number, person,
and tense of the subject is
known as a Non – Finite verb.

I do yoga every day.

n s e Madi tries to sing.
I did yoga yesterday. e
t o We try to sing.
r s
pe enr b
I run a mile daily. They try to sing. r
e
He runs a mile daily. av
Car is of red color. m b c t a s
Cars are of red color. nu o n’t a
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 verbs
Finite Non Finite
Main helping
Participle
Transitive
Primary Modal Gerund
Intransitive
Infinitive
Linking
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 Main & Helping verbs
= Principal and lexical verbs
They can stand on their own and
these verbs tell us about the action
or the state
She smiled at the baby. *action
Nurai is away.
They have a car.
Helping or auxiliary verbs are the
verbs which helps the main verb to
form a sentence and it does the state
of the subject.
She is coming here.
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 Main Verbs
Transitive “to pass”
Sultan flew the kites

Intransitive

Linking
 Main Verbs AT
c t ct H
je j e W &
Transitive “to pass” u b o b M
s O
Sultan flew the kites W H

Intransitive

Linking
 Main Verbs AT
c t ct H
je j e W &
Transitive “to pass” u b o b M
s O
Sultan flew the kites W H

Intransitive the action is complete in itself

The birds flew away

Linking
 Main Verbs AT
c t ct H
je j e W &
Transitive “to pass” u b o b M
s O
Sultan flew the kites W H

Intransitive the action is complete in itself

ject
y ob
e an
The birds flew away av
to h
eed
n
Linking no
 Main Verbs AT
c t ct H
je j e W &
Transitive “to pass” u b o b M
s O
Sultan flew the kites W H

Intransitive the action is complete in itself

The birds flew away

Linking = verb of incomplete predication

He looks stunning.
She seemed upset after the meeting.
The flowers smelled lovely.
Primary helping verbs
 To Be: am, is, are, was, were, being, been, will be.
 To Have: has, have, had, having, will have.
 To Do: does, do, did, will do.

We are growing roses in the

garden. helping verbs
Modal
 can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will,
would, and dare, need and ought

It might rain today. I must memorize all of

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 verbs
Finite Non Finite
Main helping
Participle
Transitive
Primary Modal Gerund
Intransitive
Infinitive
Linking
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 Non Finite= verbals
are verbs that act as other parts of
speech
Participle is an -ing or -ed form of a verb and it acts as
The baby, tired from a long day of play, cried
an adj. 
Gerunds
withoutare
end
the -ing form of a verb and they're acting as
aBota
nounloves playing chess.
Infinitive -to and a verb acting as a noun or an adjective
The delivery man was waiting to drop up the packag
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