Army Role in Disaster Management

ARMY 2040, WORLD CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY.
CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE
ARMY ROLE IN DISASTER

MANAGEMENT
HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

ARMY 2040, WORLD CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY. CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE
CLASSROOM RULES:
Stand or keep
yourself
awake.
Wait for the

5minutes
Break
No Cellphone


LEARNING OUTCOME
At the end of this session, the student(s) must be able to apply

the Army Role in Disaster Management Operations throughout
the whole spectrum of disaster Management.

SCOPE OF PRESENTATION
 TYPES OF HAZARDS AND EFFECTS
 THE ARMY ROLE IN THE DISASTER
MANAGEMENT CYCLE
 THE ARMYS FUNCTIONAL COMPONENT IN
DISASTER OPERATIONS
 SAFETY SECURITY AWARENESS


1. Natural
2. Man-made Disaster

1. Natural
a. Typhoon. China Sea. Typhoons are annual occurrences and
the most frequent cause of disaster in the Philippines and have a
severe impact on large parts of the country.
b. Storm surge. An atmospheric disturbance manifested in
strong winds accompanied by rain and often by thunder and
lightning. Storm surges
often accompanied by typhoons sometimes cause severe damage
to coastal areas.

c. Flood. Is overflowing by excessive water onto an area that is

normally dry. It is estimated that 47 % of the average annual rainfall is
due to typhoons. There are strong indications that the flood risk has
increased significantly due to deforestation. Flooding severely disrupts
the economic and social activities of the people.
d. Volcanic Eruption. Is the process wherein molten rock materials
(magma) are emitted or ejected in the form of flowing masses and
streams from a crater vent fissure. The volcanic eruption usually
results in the displacement and evacuation of people living within the
dangerous areas around the erupting volcano. It also causes
disruption in the economic and social activities of the people and the
loss of lives and destruction of properties.

e. Earthquakes are ground vibrations caused by volcanic

activity. These occur without notice. Earthquakes usually trigger
landslides. Strong earthquakes may result in severe destruction
of properties, infrastructures, economic facilities, and vital
utilities.
f. Tsunami. Tsunamis are very large ocean waves caused
by underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption and are
sometimes loosely
called “tidal waves”. Tsunamis have affected Philippine coastal
areas up to four meters above sea level.

g. Landslide. It is the dislodging and falling of a mass of land

and rocks. Landslides are mostly triggered by excessive rainfall
as in the Southern Leyte tragedy in February 2006 or by
earthquakes as what happened in Baguio City in July 1990.
h. Drought. It is a long period without rainfall. Drought which
is becoming common in the Philippines brings damage to crops
which leads to economic losses and disaster declarations.

2. Man-made Disaster
a. Fire. A rapid and persistent chemical reaction involving the
combination of combustible material and oxygen that releases heat
and light. Uncontrolled fire results in the destruction of properties
and severe physical and psychological injuries or even resulting in
loss of lives. Fire is caused by various origins ranging from faulty
electrical wirings, overloading of electrical equipment, negligent and
irresponsible use of heat emitting devices, to arson.

b. Conflagration. It is a large disastrous fire involving numerous

buildings/houses or structures.
c. Maritime Disasters. These are ill-fated events that occur on
high seas causing excessive damages, injuries, and loss of lives.
d. Land and Air Accidents. These are unplanned or unforeseen
events or circumstances that may occur either on air or on land
resulting mostly from ignorance or carelessness.

e. Oil Spill. The fallout of oil or similar substance from a

container result in environmental hazards. Oil spill usually occurs at
the sea and is caused by the mishandling of vessels containing the
substance or from sea mishaps or accidents as what had happened
in Guimaras on 11 August 2006.
f. Civil Strife. Social unrest with violent activities, destruction of
properties, and chaos resulting in injuries.

g. Pollution. The contamination of water, soil, or atmosphere by

the discharge of noxious substances especially gaseous, chemical,
or organic wastes. Pollution causes hazards to the environment and
health.
h. Red Tide. The presence of toxic chemicals or pollutants in
coastal waters extremely affects natural resources resulting in food
poisoning and deaths.

 THE ARMY ROLE IN THE DISASTER

MANAGEMENT CYCLE

Based on the Calamities and Disaster Preparedness Plan, the

Armed Forces of the Philippines is tasked to establish
communication linkages and make these available for disaster
operations; assist the PNP in providing security coverage in
disaster areas; assist in the reconstruction of damaged national
and local roads, bridges, structures and facilities; assist in
providing transportation facilities for the rapid movement of
rescue relief supplies and personnel; evacuation of victims; and
to organize reaction teams in all military installations.

Development. During the development stage, Army units

participate in capability-building and organizational development
activities. Army units in the field of engineering, medical services,
communication, and information technology may be tapped to
provide inputs in policy-making and long-term development
planning.

Prevention. In the prevention stage, the Philippine Army

supports the efforts of the government for disaster prevention. Army
units may participate in identifying and implementing engineering
interventions. Engineering units may be tapped to conduct mapping
and related studies as well as the construction of protective facilities
depending on the capacity of the concerned government entity. The
Philippine Army also participates in security operations to prevent
high-profile terrorist attacks that may result in disasters.

Mitigation. During mitigation stage, Army units play an important

role in supporting government’s efforts in disaster mitigation. The
Army engineers in support role may be tapped by disaster
coordinating councils to assist in the structural disaster mitigation
activities such as de-silting of river systems or repair of public
structures that pose hazards to citizens.

Preparedness. In the same manner as in mitigation, the Army

plays a vital role for disaster preparedness. Army units participate
in joint disaster preparedness planning together with the member
agencies and the disaster coordinating council to come up with a
sound plan to cope with effects of disasters.

The following stages in the preparedness segment are elucidated to

identify actions that the Army shall undertake:
a. Threat. As part of preparedness, Army units shall identify
hazards, critical areas, and effects of these hazards.
b. Warning. During the warning stage, Army units shall closely
monitor warnings or signals announced by appropriate government
agencies and be ready to execute measures relative to the warning.

c. Precaution. Utilizing available capabilities, Army units

shall assist the local disaster coordinating council in the
conduct of evacuation.
d. Disaster Impact. At the impact of a disaster, and when
the situation permits, Army units shall initiate immediate
response during the critical moments to those affected
primarily to save lives.
e. Recovery. The recovery segment may take three
stages –restoration, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. At all
stages, the Army’s role is to support the government’s
efforts to restore public utilities, rehabilitate affected
communities and reconstruct vital infrastructures.


DISASTER OPERATIONS

1. Commander. The officer assigned overall responsibility for

disaster operations.
2. Command Staff Officers. Provide specific support to the
Commander with functions that are not directly involved in service
delivery.
a. Public Information Officer. The single media point of contact.
b. Safety Officer. Responsible for identifying safety issues and
fixing them.
c. Liaison Officer. Point of contact for agency-to-agency issues.

3. General Staff. Provides the management of the delivery of

emergency response services.
a. Administration. Accounts for and manages the costs
generated by ongoing operations
b. Operations. Plans and executes Incident Action Plan.
c. Logistics. Provides the support necessary to carry out the
plan.

4. Fire Services. The Philippine Army has a very limited

firefighting capability especially, on its lower unit levels. Only HPA
and the Inf Div thru their PEDs have fire trucks.
5. Engineering. The PA Engineer units can construct and
rehabilitate roads, bridges, buildings, and related facilities.
a. HPA level - Eng Bn (S) and PED
b. Inf Div Level – PED
c. Engr Bde Level- 3 Egnr Construction Bns & 1 Engr
Spt Bn
d. Other PA Major Units- respective PEDs

ENGINEER UNIT FOUND IN THE PRESENT ARMY ORGANIZATIONS

6. Waterborne Rescue. These are units of the Army that
have limited water rescue capability. Mentioned below are the
units which have the watercraft and underwater equipment:
a. DEAR Coy
b. RCDGs
7. Nuclear, Biological, Chemical. At present, the Philippine
Army has no NBC capability in all its units.
8. Canine. On a limited scale, the Army is capable of

tracking victims of disaster with the use of the Army Canine
Coy.

9. Medical Services. The Army has medical units spread throughout

the archipelago.
a. HPA level - FBGH
b. Inf Div Level - ASH, Medical Coy
c. Other PA Major Units - Medical Platoon
d. Bde/Regiment Level - Medical Platoon
e. Bn Level - Medical Section
10. Communications. The Philippine Army communications
capabilities can establish communication linkages and make these
available for disaster operations. The communication component can
provide and maintain continuous and reliable communications and
adequate warning system throughout the impending and existing
disaster and calamities.
All units of the Philippine Army have their own signal

equipment per TOE. following units below or may be
integrated with other agencies with communication
capabilities:
a. HPA level - Signal Group
b. Inf Div Level - Signal Battalion
c. Other PA Major Units - Signal Platoon
d. Bde/Bn Level - Signal Pltn

11. Transport. The Philippine Army provides transport services

utilizing organic vehicles of its units. Vehicles of other units may
be pooled into one to expand capabilities and maximize results.
This can be obtained from any of the following units:
a. HPA level - ASCOM, SEB, HHSG
b. Inf Div Level - FSSU, SSBn
c. Other PA Major Units - SS Coy/Trans Pltn
d. Bde/Reg/Bn Level - Transportation Pltn

12. Public Information. PA PI component is to provide

information updates on disaster situations and actions being
undertaken. It is necessary in order to synchronize actions,
avoid confusion and prevent further damage.
a. HPA level - OACPA, CAG
b. Other Major Units - OG7s
c. Inf Div Level - Div OG7/CMOU
d. Bde/Reg/Bn Level - Bde S7 Sec

13. Security. The Philippine Army in all its unit levels has the
capability to provide for its own security. Security assistance
may be provided to the local police unit as necessary.
Reservists may be utilized to provide additional security in
any occasion that there would be lack of disaster
management groups.


SUMMARY
 THE ARMY ROLE IN THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT
CYCLE
DISASTER OPERATIONS
 SAFETY SECURITY AWARENESS

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ARMY 2040, WORLD CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY.

ARMY ROLE IN DISASTER

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

Wait for the

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

At the end of this session, the student(s) must be able to apply

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

 TYPES OF HAZARDS AND EFFECTS

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

c. Flood. Is overflowing by excessive water onto an area that is

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

e. Earthquakes are ground vibrations caused by volcanic

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

g. Landslide. It is the dislodging and falling of a mass of land

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

b. Conflagration. It is a large disastrous fire involving numerous

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

e. Oil Spill. The fallout of oil or similar substance from a

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

g. Pollution. The contamination of water, soil, or atmosphere by

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

 THE ARMY ROLE IN THE DISASTER

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

Based on the Calamities and Disaster Preparedness Plan, the

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

Development. During the development stage, Army units

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

Prevention. In the prevention stage, the Philippine Army

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

Mitigation. During mitigation stage, Army units play an important

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

Preparedness. In the same manner as in mitigation, the Army

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

The following stages in the preparedness segment are elucidated to

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

c. Precaution. Utilizing available capabilities, Army units

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

 THE ARMYS FUNCTIONAL COMPONENT IN

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

1. Commander. The officer assigned overall responsibility for

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

3. General Staff. Provides the management of the delivery of

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

4. Fire Services. The Philippine Army has a very limited

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

ENGINEER UNIT FOUND IN THE PRESENT ARMY ORGANIZATIONS

8. Canine. On a limited scale, the Army is capable of

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

9. Medical Services. The Army has medical units spread throughout

All units of the Philippine Army have their own signal

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

11. Transport. The Philippine Army provides transport services

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

12. Public Information. PA PI component is to provide

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

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