JOURNAL CRITIQUE

PRESENTED BY
Deepika . R
M . Sc (Nursing) I year,
College of nursing,
Madras medical college.
• ABOUT THE ARTICLE
• JOURNAL- Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
Update
• PUBLISHER- journal homepage:
www.elsevier.com/locate/cmpbup
• SOURCE- science direct
• AUTHOR NAME- Afaf Ali Batis , BSc, MPH , Ahmed Albarrak, PhD.
• MONTH AND YEAR-14 January 2021.
 TITLE

PREFERENCES AND FEATURES OF A BLOOD

DONATION SMARTPHONE APP: A MULTICENTER
MIXED-METHODS STUDY IN RIYADH, SAUDI
ARABIA.
 INTRODUCTION
Smart apps are now considered an important communication tool, and
could be best utilized in blood donation if they are designed to fit the
users needs and preferences.
 Donating blood is a noble act that saves lives. However, many patients
do not have access to safe blood. According to the World Health
Organization (WHO), the blood donation rate is high in high-income
countries and low in low-income countries (31.5 and 5 donations per
1000 people, respectively) .
The use of mobile devices to address health issues has developed into a
new branch of eHealth, known as Mobile Health or mHealth.
 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

• To identify the features and preferences of a blood

donation smartphone app for blood donation centers
and donors in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.
 METHODOLOGY
APPROACH MIXED METHOD

STUDY PERIOD 15 November 2017 and 5 February

2018
STUDY SETTING Four blood donation centers in
Riyadh city.
STUDY DESIGN Embedded
• CONT…..
STUDY QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE
POPULATION

SAMPLE SIZE 12(9-males,3-females) 383

SAMPLING Recruitment sampling. Random sampling

TECHNIQUE technique

SAMPLING TOOL semi structured Questionnaire

interview(15 to 40 (Five point scale)
mins) audio recorded
ETHICAL OBTAINED
CONSIDERATION OBTAINED
• INCLUSION CRITERIA
• Adults (both males and females) 18 years old or older who had
smartphones or any other smart device (e.g., tablet) .
• Had donated blood previously atleast once were eligible to participate in
the survey.
• EXCLUSION CRITERIA
• Non-blood donors, those who did not own a smart device, or were
under age were not eligible to participate.
 DATA COLLECTION

• Questionnaire A random sampling technique was used to collect data.

Donors were recruited randomly from the blood donation centers stated
above between 15 November 2017 and 5 February 2018.
• Semi-structured interview Participants among the blood center staff were
interviewed at the same period of the questionnaire data collection
(between 15 November 2017 and 5 February 2018).
• The main investigator visited blood centers for data collection. Potential
employees from each blood center who deal immediately with donors
(physicians, nurses, phlebotomists, or receptionists) were recruited to
participate in this study.
 RESULT
• Survey results
• Response rate The donor survey was completed by 383 participants out
of 418 surveys distributed among donors (91.6% response rate) in all
blood centers included in this study.
• Demographics, level of education, the cumulative number of donations,
and donors’ preferred method of contact Overall, 346 participants were
males (90.3%), and 37 were females (9.7%). Most participants were
between 31 and 45 years old (39.2%). Other age groups were well
represented, with 119 participants between 24 and 30 years old, and 80
participants between 18 and 23 years old.
•
• CONT….
• Comfort with technology:
• Respondents expressed a positive attitude towards how comfortable
they are with technology.
• Interview results
• Part 1. Participants demographics:
• Twelve individuals working in the blood donation centers . participated
in the semi-structured interviews, with three participants from each
blood center.
• Part 2. Open-ended questions : Used.
• Part 3. Responses to multiple-choice questions
• CONT….

• Statistics: To provide statistics about the number of donors who have

already donated.
• Social media : When participants were asked whether the app should
be connected to social media, 83.3% said “Yes ”, and “Twitter ”was the
most frequently mentioned social media platform.
• Lab tests results : Several participants (41.7%) indicated a need to send
the lab test results to donors using the app.
• Location, donors’ eligibility, and suggestions: All blood center staff
noted the ability to find the blood center location on a map.
• DISCUSSION
• Findings of the study showed that the survey received more than 300
responses with a high response rate, and the interviews were conducted
on 12 participants from four blood centers (KKUH, KFMC, KSMC, and
PMAH) in Riyadh City.
• This study showed that the preferred method of contact for both study
groups was SMS, followed by phone calls.
• This mixed-methods study aimed to identify the features and preferences
of a blood donation smartphone app, based on realistic input obtained
from potential end-users.
• Donors expressed excitement and interest in using the blood donation
app in the future.
 CONCLUSION
• Donors were highly interested in using the blood donation app.
• However, areas of concern, including privacy and confidentiality, must
be considered when the app is designed or developed.
• Age was found to be a contributing factor that decreases the likelihood
of app use among donors.
• The donation center staff focused on the educational features of the
app.
• Also, professionals emphasized the importance of the app providing
statistics and sending notifications and reminders to donors.
• CRITIQUE
CRITIQUE POSITIVE CRITIQUE NEGATIVE CRITIQUE

TITLE Current issues Can be create awareness.

ABSTRACT Clearly mentioned …….

INTRODUCTION adequate ………

OBJECTIVES Appropriate. Can be assess the

difficulties by using smart
phones.
• CONT…..
CRITIQUE POSITIVE CRITIQUE NEGATIVE CRITIQUE

CONCEPTUAL ……. Not mentioned.

FRAMEWORK

POPULATION Adequate. Can be include non

donors .

METHODS Consent obtained in ……..

Protection of both groups.
participation rights
• CONT….
critique Positive critique Negative critique

Research design Both are effective In quantitative method

can be conduct any
program related to app
Sample and setting adequate In qualitative study can
be used purposive
sampling.
Data collection appropriate …….
• Cont….
Critique Positive critique Negative critique

Results Appropriate. …….

Inclusion criteria appropriate Can be include non

donors and ,volunteers.

Exclusion criteria appropriate Can be exclude who are

not willing to
participation
Study period 15 November 2017 to 5 May be extended.
February 2018.