CHARACTERISTIC’S AND

EVOLUTION OF
COMPUTERS
 EARLY CALCULATING DEUICES

• Abacus
• Napier's Bones
• Pascaline
• Difference Engine
• Analytical Engine
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ABACUS
• The first calculating device.
• Also called as a counting frame.
• It had a wooden frame with beads sliding on wires.
• It was used to perform simple calculations like addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division.
• used to teach school children about place values in the numbering
system,
• teaching arithmetic operations to blind students.
• Learning calculations using the abacus is believed to improve
concentration and memorization skills.
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NAPIER'S BONES
• Invented by Sir John Napier
• Invented in 1616,

• it had numbers carved on bones or on strips of wood.

• It was used for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and
to find the square .root of a number.
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PASCALINE
• Invented by Blaise Pascal
• Invented in 1641
• Pascaline is the first mechanical calculator.

• It consisted of a rectangular box with movable wheels

• It was used for adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing
numbers up to hundreds and thousands.
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DIFFERENCE ENGINE
• Invented by Charles Babbage
• Invented in the nineteenth century.
• Prepare mathematical tables.
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ANALYTICAL ENGINE
• Invented by Charles Babbage
• First general purpose computer
• It had the same basic elements as the modern computer -
input, output, and memory devices

• Due to his path-breaking contribution to computing,

Charles Babbage is called the father of modern
computers.
 IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING PICTURES.

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 IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING PICTURES.

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 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.
1. What is the first calculating device?
2. Who invented the first calculating device?
3. Who invented the Napier’s bones?
4. Which device is used for teaching arithmetic operation to blind students?
5. This device is invented in 1616.
6. Who invented Pascaline?
7. Who invented difference engine?
8. It is the first general purpose computer.
9. Who is the father of modern computers. ?
 WHAT ARE THE FIVE EARLY CALCULATING
DEVICES?
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .