DIMENSION

Plan Trigonometry

Trigonometry

Spherical Trigonometry
 Standards for Mathematical
Practice
• 1. Make sense of problems and persevere in solving
them.
• 2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
• 3. Construct viable arguments and critique the
reasoning of others.  
• 4. Model with mathematics.
• 5. Use appropriate tools strategically.
• 6. Attend to precision.
• 7. Look for and make use of structure.
• 8. Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.
 Warm up
• Solve the equations:

• A) 0.875 = x/18

• B) 24/y = 0.5

• C) y/25 = 0.96
 E.Q:

How can we find the sin, cosine, and the

tangent of an acute angle?
How do we use trigonometric ratios to
solve real-life problems?
 Trig. Ratios
Name
Sine Cosine tangent
“say”

Abbreviation
Sin Cos Tan
Abbrev.

Ratio of an Sinθ = opposite side cosθ = adjacent side tanθ =opposite side
angle
hypotenuse hypotenuse adjacent side
measure
 Three Trigonometric Ratios
• Sine – abbreviated ‘sin’.
– Ratio: sin θ = opposite side
hypotenuse

• Cosine - abbreviated ‘cos’.

– Ratio: cos θ = adjacent side
hypotenuse

• Tangent - abbreviated ‘tan’.

– Ratio: tan θ = opposite side
adjacent side
 Let’s practice…
Write the ratio for sin A
B Sin A = o = a
h c
c
Write the ratio for cos A
a
Cos A = a = b
h c
C b A
Write the ratio for tan A
Let’s switch angles:
Tan A = o = a
Find the sin, cos and
a b
tan for Angle B:

Sin B = b Tan B = b
Cos B = a
c a
c
Make sure you have a calculator…
I want to find Use these calculator keys
SIN
sin, cos or tan
COS
ratio
TAN
SIN-1
Angle measure COS-1
TAN-1

Set your calculator to ‘Degree’…..

MODE (next to 2nd button)
Degree (third line down… highlight it)
2nd
Quit
 Let’s practice…
Find an angle that has a
tangent (ratio) of 2
C
3
2cm Round your answer to the
nearest degree.

Process:
B 3cm A I want to find an ANGLE
I was given the sides (ratio)
Tangent is opp
adj
TAN-1(2/3) = 34°
 Practice some more…
Find tan A: Tan A = opp/adj = 12/21
24.19 12 Tan A = .5714

A 21

Find tan A: 8

Tan A = 8/4 = 2 8

A
4
 Trigonometric Ratios
• When do we use them?
– On right triangles that are NOT 45-45-90 or
30-60-90

Find: tan 45

Why?

tan = opp
hyp
 Using trig ratios in equations
Remember back in 1st grade when you had
to solve:
(6)12 = x (6) What did you do?
6
72 = x
Remember back in 3rd grade when x was in the
denominator?
12 = 6 What did you do?
(x) x
(x)

__ __
12x = 6
x = 1/2
 Ask yourself:
In relation to the angle,
34° what pieces do I have?
15 cm Opposite and hypotenuse

Ask yourself:
What trig ratio uses
x cm Opposite and Hypotenuse?
SINE

Set up the equation and solve:

(15) Sin 34 = x (15)
15
(15)Sin 34 = x
8.39 cm = x
 Ask yourself:
In relation to the angle,
53°

what pieces do I have?

12 cm

Opposite and adjacent

x cm Ask yourself:
What trig ratio uses
Opposite and adjacent?
tangent

Set up the equation and solve:

(12)Tan 53 = x (12)
12
(12)tan 53 = x
15.92 cm = x
 Ask yourself:
x cm In relation to the angle,
what pieces do I have?
Adjacent and hypotenuse
68°

18 cm
Ask yourself:
What trig ratio uses
adjacent and hypotnuse?
cosine
Set up the equation and solve:
(x) Cos 68 = 18 (x)
x
(x)Cos
_____68 =_____
18
cos 68 cos 68
X = 18 X = 48.05 cm
cos 68
 This time, you’re looking for theta. T
HI
Ask yourself: S
IS
42 cm

In relation to the angle, what pieces IM

PO
do I have? Opposite and hypotenuse RT
22 cm

A
NT
Ask yourself: !!
θ

What trig ratio uses opposite

and hypotenuse? sine

Set up the equation (remember you’re looking for theta):

Sin θ = 22
42
Remember to use the inverse function
when you find theta
Sin -1 22 = θ
42
31.59°= θ
 You’re still looking for theta.
TH
IS
IS
θ
IMP
OR
TA
22 cm
Ask yourself: NT
!!
What trig ratio uses the parts I
was given? tangent
17 cm

Set it up, solve it, tell me what you get.

tan θ = 17
22

tan -1 17 = θ
22
37.69°= θ