INTERNET OF

THINGS
BY – SIDHARTH JOSHI
 Introduction to Internet of Things (IoT)

INTRODUCTI
Internet of Things (IoT) is the networking of physical objects that contain electronics
embedded within their architecture in order to communicate and sense interactions
amongst each other or with respect to the external environment. In the upcoming

ON TO years, IoT-based technology will offer advanced levels of services and practically
change the way people lead their daily lives. Advancements in medicine, power,
gene therapies, agriculture, smart cities, and smart homes are just a very few of the

INTERNET OF categorical examples where IoT is strongly established. 

THINGS Over 9 billion ‘Things’ (physical objects) are currently connected to the Internet, as
of now. In the near future, this number is expected to rise to a whopping 20 billion. 
  
• The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly evolving field of technology, but its roots
have been decades in the
making.

HISTORY Starting with embedded systems and arriving at today’s enormous network of
internet-connected smart
devices, the IoT as we know it today was built on a strong backbone of existing tech.

OF INTERNET With the advent of

cloud computing and Wi-Fi connectivity, the IoT became what it is today—and
tomorrow, it will continue

OF THINGS to evolve as new capabilities are developed.

• Gartner predicts IoT will grow to 26 billion units installed, a 30-fold increase from
the fewer than 1 billion
IoT units that were installed in 2009.  Cisco predicts 50 billion units installed in the
same time frame.
 IOT THROUGH THE YEARS
1965: Apollo 1973: The First
1968: N M 1983: Gadgets 1975: Personal 1982: The Origins
Guidance Mobile Phone
Electronics  Advance  Computers  of the Internet
Computer Call

1989: The World 1995: Internet at 2008: IBM’s 2004: Distributed

1999: IoT is Born 2007: Smart Grid 
Wide Web  Home  “Smarter Planet” Computing

2010: Connected 2018: The Fourth

2010: China’s Big 2015: Google’s 2016-2018:
2008: Android Devices Rule the Industrial
Plan “Android Things”  Botnets Attack!
World Revolution 

By 2020: IoT
.
Everywhere
 • Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interconnected objects, usually called
smart devices, through the Internet.The object can be a heart monitor, a
remote, or an automobile with built-in sensors. That is objects that have been
assigned an IP address and have the capability to collect and transfer data
over a network. The objects interact with the external environment with the
WHAT help of embedded technology, which helps them in taking decisions. Since
these devices can now represent themselves digitally. 

EXACTLY IS • In other words, “The globally ruling technology acts as a single key to

shrinking this whole universe to a tiny globally connected village, whereas

INTERNET
IoT comprises just two words that precisely depict its definition.” 

Internet: Inter connectivity-For global connection +

OF THINGS
Things: Embedded system devices-sensors, actuators, RFID
tags, QR codes and so many.
•For sensing the data
•Collecting the data
•Sending the data

 
INTERNET OF THINGS
Thus, on the whole, the Internet of Things is the
technology that enables everything to communicate by
themselves over the internet through devices without
the use of computers. Here comes the most essential
and prevalent term in IoT called ‘Smart’ which
means Automation – the process of decreasing human
intervention or involvement thereby increasing the
machine intelligence to perform every task by itself,
which could be done by IoT. 
IoT makes an intertwined network of artificial things
like physical devices, vehicles, home appliances and
even to connect with natural living beings like plants,
animals, and so on. 
 
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF IOT
ADVANTAGES OF IOT DISADVANTAGES OF IOT

 Lagging of standard compatibility

Communication Automation Remote control More

 More opportunities for failure
information
 Loss of privacy or security

 More dependent on technology

Better decision Time saving Money saving Effective  

CHARACTERISTICS OF
INTERNET OF THINGS
 There are the following characteristics of IoT as follows. Let’s discuss it one by one.

C I Connectivity  

H N Connectivity is an important requirement of the IoT infrastructure. Things of IoT should be

connected to the IoT infrastructure. Anyone, anywhere, anytime can connectivity should be
A T guaranteed at all times Without connection, nothing makes sense.
 
R E Intelligence and Identity

A R The extraction of knowledge from the generated data is very important. For example, a

C N sensor generates data, but that data will only be useful if it is interpreted properly. Each IoT
device has a unique identity. This identification is helpful in tracking the equipment and at
times for querying its status.
T O E  

E F T Scalability

R The number of elements connected to the IoT zone is increasing day by day. Hence, an IoT
setup should be capable of handling the massive expansion. The data generated as an
I O outcome is enormous, and it should be handled appropriately.
 

S F Dynamic and Self-Adapting (Complexity) –

T IoT devices should dynamically adapt themselves to the changing contexts and scenarios.
I THIN  Assume a camera meant for the surveillance. It should be adaptable to work in different
conditions and different light situations (morning, afternoon, night).
GS  
Safety
C
S There is a danger of the sensitive personal details of the users getting compromised when
all his/her devices are connected to the internet. This can cause a loss to the user. Hence,
data security is the major challenge. Besides, the equipment involved is huge. IoT networks
may also be at the risk. Therefore, equipment safety is also critical .
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INTERNET OF
THINGS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

• Internet of Things: It is the field of computer technology, where

physical devices are communicating over the Internet. Devices
are termed as things which are sensors, actuators that
communicate and send information to each other on the web. It
is an ecosystem where the interacting devices share data
through a communication media known as the internet. 
These devices are instructed with code to operate on a special
event.

•  Artificial Intelligence: It is the field in computer technology that

uses data as fuel and human actions to decide the output.
Machines that are AI capable and are capable of cognitive
thinking that is responsible to decide on the past or responding
to an action to which the machine was unaware. These systems
are built to support automation in the traditional approaches
A WORLD • Sensors are not only used in industrial applications, but they are

WITHOUT used widely around the world, in our everyday lives.

• Sit back, close your eyes, and think. “What would the world be

SENSORS,
like, without Sensors?”
• Just to name a few applications on things we commonly come
across: Our mobile phones have light sensors; automated car

A WORLD parks have proximity sensors; thermometers have temperature

sensors; cameras have motion sensors; smart watches have
accelerometers; cars have pressure sensors etc.

WITHOUT • The Internet of Things is a system of interrelated computing

devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or

INTERNET people that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to
transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or
human-to-computer interaction. IoT could be anywhere and

OF THINGS everywhere nowadays, ranging from daily household products such

as refrigerators, to life saving products such as heart rate
monitors. This blog article will let us understand the importance of

(IOT) sensors in applications of Internet of Things (IoT). Without

sensors, there will be no IoT
MADE BY – SIDHARTH JOSHI
COURSE – BCA (I)
SECTION – B
ROLL NUMBER – 105
STUDENT ID – 21151213

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF MRS. VANDANA

RAWAT

THANKYOU