CROP

PRODUCTION
BASICCONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES
Learning Targets
At the end of the lesson , I can:
1.demonstrate the methods of farming;
2.demonstrate proper selection of good seeds; and
3.explain the factors affecting the growth of plants.

Kharif Crops
The crops which are sown in
the rainy season are called
kharif crops. The rainy season
in the Philippines is generally
from June to November.
cropping patterns
Rabi Crops
The crops grown in the winter
season (October to March) are
called rabi crops. Examples of
rabi crops are wheat, gram,
pea, mustard and linseed.
Besides these, pulses and
vegetables are grown during
summer at many places.
 Basic Practices of Crop
Production
A . P R E PAR AT IO N O F SO IL
B . S OW ING
C . AD DI NG M AN UR E AN D FE RT I LI SE R S
D . IR R I GAT IO N
E . P R O T EC T I NG F R OM W E E DS
F. H ARVE ST I NG
G . S TO R AG E
 A. Preparation of soil
The preparation of soil is the
first step before growing a
crop. One of the most important
tasks in agriculture is to turn
the soil and loosen it.

The process of loosening and

turning of the soil is called
tilling or ploughing.
A. Preparation of soil

But why the soil needs

to be turned and
loosened?
 B. Sowing
Sowing is an important
part of crop production.
Before sowing, good
quality, clean and
healthy seeds of a good
variety—are selected.
Farmers prefer to use
seeds which give high
yield.
 B. Sowing
• Direct Method
seeds are planted directly into the fields or plots

2. Indirect or Transplanting Method

planting the seeds first in a seed holes or seed boxes to produces
seedlings which are then transplanted when the seeds grown 3 or
more leaves
3. Asexual Method
a method were parts of the plants commonly used are cuttings,
stems, runner or roots and tubers
CHARATERISTICS OF GOOD
SEEDS
1. Fully mature (big, round and bulky)
2. Viable (paver to germinate and grow a
healthy plants)
3. True type ( similar to the mother plant)
4. Clean (free from weed seeds, dirt and other
foreign matters)
5. Free from seed disease (not contaminated)
6. Suitable to local condition (germinate well at
appropriate season)
 TESTING THE
SEED
1. Visual inspection
2. Water treatment
3. Germination test
a. Rag doll method
b. Dish method
c. Seed box method
 C. Adding manure and
fertilisers
The substances which are added to
the soil in the form of nutrients for
the healthy growth of plants are
called manure and fertilisers

Manure is an organic substance

obtained from the decomposition of
plant or animal wastes.

Fertilisers are chemicals which are

rich in a particular nutrient
C. Adding manure and
fertilisers

How are fertilizers

different from manure?
D. Irrigation
The supply of water to
crops at regular
intervals
 D. Irrigation
In summer, the
frequency of watering
is higher. Why is it so?
 e. Protecting from weeds
In a field many other undesirable plants
may grow naturally along with the crop.
These undesirable plants are called weeds.
e. Protecting from weeds

Do weedicides have any

effect on the person handling
the weedicide sprayer?
 f. Harvesting
The cutting of crop after it is mature
 g. Storage
Storage of produce is an important task. If the
harvested grains are to be kept for longer time,
they should be safe from moisture, insects, rats and
microorganisms.
 g. Storage

why is Proper storage of grains is

necessary?
 Basic Practices of Crop
Production
A . P R E PAR AT IO N O F SO IL
B . S OW ING
C . AD DI NG M AN UR E AN D FE RT I LI SE R S
D . IR R I GAT IO N
E . P R O T EC T I NG F R OM W E E DS
F. H ARVE ST I NG
G . S TO R AG E
 Quote of the day

"Gardening is a fun activity and provides a refresher in

our daily life."

Alexander Aronowitz
 THANK YOU
Phone : +123-456-7890

Website : www.reallygreatsite.com

Email : hello@reallygreatsite.com

Address : 123 Anywhere ST., Any City, ST 12345