LESSON 10/11: JOINTS

Slide 1
Learning objectives

• Name the three major categories of joints and compare the

amount of movement allowed by each

• Identify the types of synovial joints and its locations in the body

Slide 2
Joints

• Articulations of bones

• Functions of joints
o Hold bones together
o Allow for mobility

• Ways joints are classified

o Functionally
o Structurally

Slide 3
Classification of Joints by FUNCTION

 Synarthroses – immovable joints

 Amphiarthroses – slightly moveable joints
 Diarthroses – freely moveable joints

Slide 4
Structural Classification of Joints by
STRUCTURE

 Fibrous joints
Generally immovable

 Cartilaginous joints
Immovable or slightly moveable

 Synovial joints
Freely moveable

Slide 5
Fibrous Joints

Bones united by fibrous

Tissue

Examples
Sutures
Syndesmoses
 Allows more
movement than
sutures
 Example: distal end of tibia &
fibula
Slide 6
Cartilaginous Joints

Bones connected by
Cartilage

Examples
• Pubic
symphysis
• Intervertebral
joints

Slide 7
Synovial Joints

• Articulating
bones are
separated by a
joint cavity
• Synovial fluid
is found in the
joint cavity

Slide 8
Features of Synovial Joints

 Articular cartilage (hyaline cartilage) covers

the ends of bones
 Joint surfaces are enclosed by a fibrous
articular capsule
 Have a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid
 Ligaments reinforce the joint

Slide 9
The Synovial Joint

1. Articular Cartilage
2. Fibrous Capsule
3. Ligaments
4. Synovial membrane
5. Joint cavity with
synovial fluid

Slide 10
The Synovial Joint

Ligaments
Articular Cartilage

Articular Fibrous Capsule

Capsule Synovial membrane

Joint cavity
with synovial
fluid

Slide 11
Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape

 Shape of the joint

determines the action or
movement it can perform

Hinge joint
 Hinge … move in
?
one plane
?
Examples
?

Slide 12
Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape
Pivot joint
 Pivot … also moves in
one plane
 Examples

Slide 13
Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape
Ball and socket joint

 Ball & Socket …

multiaxial - moves in
several plane
 Examples ?

?
?
?

Slide 14
Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape
Saddle joint

• Biaxial joint
• Example
Carpometacarpal bones
of the thumb

Slide 15
Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape
Plane joint
• Non axial movement
• Short slipping or gliding
movement
Example
• Inter carpal joints

Slide 16