Where do bones meet?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8hqyQIyenxA
Joints
- Are the meeting place of bones.
- One or more bones would usually meet at a joint.
- Most joints allow movement.
- We are able to move because of the joints.
Joints
- But some joints like those on the skull are fixed.
Important terms associated with joints
- Ligaments
- Cartilage
- Bursa
- Synovial fluid
- Tendons
Ligaments
- are tough bands of connective tissues that connects bones to bones.
Cartilage
- is a dense connective tissue that is usually made of collagen fiber that
covers the ends of bones to allow for smooth movement.
Bursa
- Is a fluid-filled sac between the bones that serve as cushion to absorb
shock and keep the bones from rubbing against each other.
Synovial Fluid
- Is the liquid found in the bursa.
Tendons
- Are thick bands of connective tissues that attach muscles.
Kinds of Joints
A. According to the manner in which they are attached to other boned.

1. Fibrous Joints
2. Cartilaginous Joints
3. Synovial Joints
Fibrous Joints
are joints where bones are held together only by ligaments.
Cartilaginous Joints
May be temporary or permanent.
Temporary Joints are found at the end of the shaft of long Permanent Joints made up of hyalin cartilage like those
bones like the humerus. They allow the bones to grow between the vertebrae.
longer and later become ossified.
Synovial Joints
are the fully movable joints. They permit a wide range of movement.
Kinds of Joints
B. According to the kind of movement they make

1. Hinge Joint or ginglymus

2. Pivot joint or trochoid
3. Ball-and-socket joints or enarthrosis
4. Gliding Joints or slipping joint
5. Saddle-Shaped Joints
6. Condyloid Joint or ellipsoid
Hinge Joint or ginglymus
Motion is limited to a forward or backward movement.
Hinge Joint or ginglymus
Motion is limited to a forward or backward movement.
Pivot joint or trochoid
They are held in place by ligaments limiting their movements to rotation around the area
alone.
Ball-and-socket joints
Theses joints permits the greatest range of motions such as rotation and flexion
(bending).
Gliding Joints
the simplest form of joint.
Saddle-Shaped Joints
This type of joint resembles a horseman in a saddle.
Condyloid Joint
These joints operate much like the saddle-shaped joint. They can easily move,
bend, pull and stretch out, but not rotate.
Kinds of movements that Joints allow
Extension
Flexion
Abduction
Adduction
Rotation
Circumduction
Kinds of movements that Joints allow

Extension involves an increase in the

angle between articulating joints.
Flexion involves a decrease in the angle
between the articulating joints.
Kinds of movements that Joints allow

Abduction is the movement of a joint

away from the midline.
Adduction is the movement of a joint
toward the midline.
Kinds of movements that Joints allow

Rotation is the movement of a joint

around its longitudinal axis.
Kinds of movements that Joints allow

Circumduction is the movement in

which the distal end moves in a circle
the proximal end remains stable.
For your memory bank
Joints are places where bones meet.
Ligaments are tough bands of connective tissues that connect bones to bones
Cartilages are dense connective tissues made up of collagen fibers which covers
the ends of bones to allow smooth movements.
Collagen a protein substance provides flexibility to the bone.
Bursa is a fluid sac between bones that serve as cushion to absorb shock and
prevent friction between rubbing surfaces of bones.
Synovial Fluid is the liquid found in bursa.
Tendon is a thick band of connective tissue that attaches muscles to bones.
Fibrous Joints are joints held together only by ligaments
Cartilaginous Joints are held together by cartilage.
Synovial Joints allow a variety of movement.
Extension involves an increase in the angle between articulating joints
Flexion involves a decrease in the angle between articulating joints.
Abduction is the movement of a joint away from the midline.
Adduction is the movement of a joint toward from the midline.
Rotation is the movement of a joint around its longitudinal axis
Circumduction is the movement in which the distal ends moves in a circle
while the proximal end remains stable.