Bridge Management System - Ifrane - 2010

8ème Congrès National de la Route
Ifrane, 3 et 4 juin 2010
Bridge Management System in Germany

Aziz Bourdane
I am so sorry, that I can´t come to Morocco and join your very interesting Congress.
Caused by a traffic accident on last Saturday night I had to stay in Hospital and so I
must cancel my voyage.
I want to thank Mr. Bourdane for the substitution and I hope there is an other chance
for discusions on the German Bridge Management System
Thank You verry much and many greetings from Germany
Günther Jost
8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010
1 |
Content
1. Regulations
- legal aspects
- technical aspects
2. Importance of a Bridge Management System
3. Inventory of buildings
4. Targets and tasks
5. Concept of Bridge Management System
6. Example for the tasks and the process of a maintenance
measure
7. Modern Methodes: Monitoring

2 |
Regulations for the inspection of bridges: objective and set-up
Objective for regulations for bridge inspection
Acute need for safe infrastructure buildings
Organization and execution of the inspection
Protection of the involved staff (traffic and test personnel) during inspection
Comparability of the inspection results
Preparation and planning of measures (bids, damage analyses, Bridge

Management System)
Collapse of the
Viennese
Reichsbrücke 1976:
Intensifying of bridge
inspection

3 |
A) Legal aspects: 1. Responsible administration

Grundgesetz (Constitution):
In accordance with Art. 90 Abs. 2 in connection with Art. 85 are the federal states
or the autonomous bodies responsible for the federal highways on behalf of the
federation.
Bundesfernstraßengesetz, § 3 (1) (Federal law for highways):

The „Straßenbaulast“ (responsibility of the administration for buildings and
traffic) covers all tasks connected to building and maintenance of federal
highways.
1. General administrative regulation for the administration of federal highways, §

1 Abs. 1:
The administration covers both the sovereign administration and the
administration of estate in the area of
the federal motorways and the federal highways.

4 |
A) Legal aspects: 2. Execution of the inspection according to DIN

1076
Main inspection
- every six years
- by a qualified engineer
- all construction units
- close to the building (“handnear”)
Simple inspection
- three years after the main examination
- by a qualified engineer
- visual check on the basis of the main examination
.
5 |
B) Technical aspects Technical Regulations

Objective of technical regulations and guidelines
• Operational execution of the inspections
• Statement of the building condition
• Definition of the necessary timing for repair
• Evaluation of the service life
• Recovery of faults and damage
• Bridge inspection as a component for the Bridge Management System
• Research and development

6 |
B) Technical aspects: 2. Safety of traffic
Danger of accident
by tripping edge
Protective plank away

from column at least
1,0m
Corrosion
Flooding danger by
defective drainage

7 |
B) Technical aspects: 3. Execution of inspection

Engineer of the bridge inspection
• Leading the inspection team
• Inspection
• Responsibility
Assistant
• Co-operation during inspection
• Maintaining and driving of the inspection vehicle.
Examination vehicle with equipment and

instruments (more details within the lecturing
program)
Highway attendants
• Safety of the traffic area
• Co-operation during inspection
• Supply e.g. of a climbing device

8 |
B) Technical aspects: 4. Inspection equipment and methods
Inspection close to the bridge („handnear“)
According to DIN 1076 “handnear” examination has

to be accomplished also for difficult accessible
parts, if necessary with the help of inspection
mechanisms
But not like this!

9 |
Instruction manuals
for equipment

10 |

Safety regulations (GUV-R 2103)

11 |
B) Technical aspects: 5. Inspection reports

Guideline for the collection, evaluation
and documentation of the examination
Target: A uniform good quality of the

inspection reports
1400 examples of damages
Recommendation for maintenance

12 |

Bridge inspection
database

13 |

Bridge database
• Tasks of the subsystem
• Structure of the subsystem
• Buildings and their order system
• Definitions and codings of the building data

14 |
Bridge Management System in Germany :
Importance of a Bridge Management System

Today mobility is for society a substantial condition for economic growth and an
important contribution to the quality of life.
The largest part of goods and passenger traffic is carried out on roads. This will hardly
change in future despite intensive political efforts to shift more traffic on the rail.
 In particular the motorways, taking up 30 % of the entire traffic with a portion of the total
road system of only 1.8 %, turn out to their capacitive limit.
 By the implementation of the European Single Market and the opening of the borders to
the east further increases of traffic volume are expected. Recent prognoses for roads
show - even in a friendly integration scenario - a further increase in roads transport of
nearly 70 % and in passenger traffic of 20 % up to the year 2015.

15 |
Increase of
heavy load traffic.
 Number of trucks on
highways. (per
month)
 Estimation for 2015
in 1998
Reached Number in
2008: 16786

16 |

 Small disturbances in road traffic by restrictions of traffic or the loss of
individual buildings lead inevitably to strong impediments of traffic with
substantial further costs for the user and the national economy as well as to
negative effects on the environment.
 A capacitive extension of the road net is due to financial and ecological
reasons only very limited possible.
 With further increasing traffic the preservation and maintenance of the existing
building substance is a central task.
 To make the complex connections transparent and process systematically the
necessary work by uniform procedures from damage assessment to economic
efficiency of possible preservation measures up to a preservation program for
the entire net a modern management system is necessary.

17 |
Inventory of buildings
 In the net of the federal highways (motorways and federal highways) were
by December 31, 2007 about 38,716 bridges in the responsibility of the
federation.
The fixed assets of these buildings amount to about 52 billion euro. The
current fixed assets of the entire federal highway net amount to
approximately 186 billion euro.
Beside bridges additional 183 tunnels with a total tube length of 160 km as
well as a multiplicity of retaining walls, noise protection walls and road sign
bridges are part of the buildings on federal highways.
Inventory according to bridge surfaces amounts to about 31,4 millions m2,
whereby the concrete and pre-stressed concrete bridges with 27,5 millions
m2 or 89 % have the largest portion.

18 |
Inventory of buildings
The age structure of the bridges varies. In the west of Germany about 76 % were in 1990
not older than 30 years, but in the east of Germany almost 60 % exist since the time
before the 2. World War. This changed substantially by building and extending.
Age structure of the bridges

In the new federal states a
substantial number of buildings are to
be extended or renewed.
 In the next years the emphasis of the
preservation measures will however
refer to the maintenance in the old
federal states (the west).

19 |
Targets and tasks

Since financial resources for bridge maintenance will become continuously tighter, the
maintenance costs have to be spent in an way to obtain the greatest possible benefit.
 Country-wide uniform data supply and derivative information
- Bridge Database,
- Guideline for Inspection,
- Database for Bridge Inspection,
- Catalogue of damage (repair measurements and costs, deterioration models)
 Evaluation of measures on building level (overall economic appraisal procedure)
Optimization of preservation planning on network level (strategy model/mathematical
optimization procedure)
 Controlling on federal and regional level (prognosis, budget, preservation goals,
comparison of nominal and actual values)

20 |
Targets and tasks

Definition of maintenance targets
Prognosis of maintenance needs
The work flow within a
Bridge Management Documentation of Recording a. assessment
inventory
System of bridge condition
Maintenance Damage analysis

alternatives and -prognosis
Priorities and demand Setting of programs

on financial resources and budgets
Controlling of results Planning and

maintenance works
Checking of objectives
Updating of prognosis (resources)

21 |
Concept of a Bridge Management System


The responsibility of bridge maintenance is assigned to the road administration in each
federal state.

For pavement structures of the road system
the pavement management system PMS and
for bridges the Bridge Management System
(BMS) are established.
They are to be integrated in an overall

management system (Assessment
management system, AMS).

All development and models within the
Bridge Management System are based on
several research programs.

22 |
Concept of a Bridge Management System – flow chart
Budget
minimum
Road network
Costs Actions
Buildings (Authority,
User, Others)
Damages
Programs
Condition- Process of
Maintenance Needs
assessment Analysis
Database Options
...
Traffic
Prognosis in
Accidents deterioration
Costs realisable
measures

23 |
Concept of a Bridge Management System
 The building management system consists of 7 modules.

 Each module follows defined targets
Module 1 Module 2 Module 3 Module 4 Module 5 Module 6 Module 7
Basic data Bridge Object Mainten- Economic Planning Control of

condition related ance analysis and results
data and damage measures mainten-
assess- analysis ance
ment works
Uniform Network Object Analysis of Definition Mainten- Assuring

data supply based related alternatives and priority ance efficiency
assess- assess- of program
ment ment measures

24 |
Concept of a Bridge Management System: module 1
Module 1 consists of all actual data of the structural inventory for

bridges, tunnels and other engineering buildings.
 All data are stored in a database by the administrative authorities
Module 1 in each federal state.
Basic data  This assures an access to other relevant data such as
- inventory data of existing structures,
- traffic data,
- accident data,
Uniform
- operation data,
data supply - cost data
and a link to other management systems.

25 |

 Database systems are
- the Road Database Instructions (ASB)
for structural data
- Federal Road Information System
(BISStra) for linking with traffic and
Module 1 accident data and global information
Basic data
system (GIS)
- Information System (ISBW) as an
analysing tool
Uniform
 Relevant guideline is ASB-Ing.
data supply
 More details within the lecturing program

26 |
Module 2 consists of the performance of condition

grades from bridge inspection and the assessment of
damage.
 Bridge inspection, documentation and assessment of
Module 2 damage are carried out by qualified bridge inspection
Bridge
engineers of the state authorities.
condition
data and
In module II all bridge condition data and damage
assess- analysis data are processed and linked with cost data.
ment
The result is a road-network related priority list based
Network on condition grades and first information about the
based
assess- needed financial budget for the repair of damages.
ment

27 |

 Bridge inspection is based on DIN 1076
„Engineering Structures in Connection with
Roads; Observation and Inspection“. It regulates
the technical observation, inspection and testing
of the stability, traffic-safety and durability of
bridges and other engineering structures.
Module 2
 The RI-EBW-PRÜF 2004 ”Guideline for
Bridge Standardised Registration, Processing and
condition Analysis of the Results of Inspection in
data and
Accordance with DIN 1076” contains rules for a
assess-
ment simple and standardised logging of the results of
inspection.
Network
based
 The standardised procedure allows structural
assess- conditions to be rated in accordance with the
ment various criteria and the inspection results to be
linked with the construction-related data in
accordance with ASB (structural data).
28 |

The condition assessment is characterised by a detailed assessment in
accordance with standard criteria. Every single damage is evaluated
separately in terms of its effect on stability, traffic safety and durability of
the structure and recorded by a software program SIB Bauwerke. This
damage evaluation is used as a basis for automatically calculating the
condition grade for the entire structure.
Module 2
 RI-EBW-PRÜF contains detailed
Bridge definitions of assessment criteria
condition
data and and sample catalogues for a standard
assess- evaluation of damages.
ment
Network
based
assess-
ment

29 |
Module 2
Bridge
condition
data and
assess-
ment
Network
based
assess-
ment

30 |
Module 2
Bridge
condition
data and
assess-
ment
Network
based
assess-
ment

31 |

 Module 3 is focused on an extended analysis of damage if the
standard bridge inspection does not offer sufficient information.
 Analysis is based for example on calculation, monitoring or non-
destructive testing methods (based on a guideline)
 Deterioration models for- carbonation
- chlorides
Module 3 - steel corrosion
- stability of structural elements
Object - bearings
related - transition between decks
damage - coatings and
analysis - bridge caps are integrated.
For each structural element a deterministic deterioration
Object model is defined which allows to evaluate the future
related behaviour in terms of the effect on the condition value.
assess-
ment

32 |
Module 3
Object
related
damage
analysis
Object
related
assess-
ment

33 |
Module 4 consists of a detailed catalogue of maintenance

measures.
Procedures regarding maintenance alternatives, their costs and
Module 4 consequences are realized within the software program SIB-
Bauwerke (see above).
Mainten-
ance For each type of damage a number of maintenance measures is
measures given, for example “repair”, ”rehabilitation” and “replacement” and
for each measure the consequence on the damage assessment
is included. This is to avoid that each local authority may chose
Analysis of a maintenance measure which is based on individual
alternatives
experience.
 Condition grade and catalogue of maintenance measures are
linked together
34 |
Section of the
catalogue of
maintenance
measures
Module 4
Every measure
Mainten-
will lead to an
ance
measures
improvement of
the structural
element.
Analysis of The effectiveness

alternatives of such a measure
can be expressed
by a reduction of
the condition
grades
35 |
Module 4
Mainten-
ance
measures
Analysis of
alternatives

36 |
 Module 5 carries out the assessment of maintenance alternatives
regarding the overall economic issues.

Module 5 This is based on life cycle cost models and cost/benefit
calculation.
Economic
analysis  Further the effect of different maintenance strategies can be
simulated and analysed.
 The result of module 5 is a listing of priorities for maintenance
Definition measures. They will serve as input data for detailed maintenance
and priority
of programs and budget-planning.
measures
 All analysis is object related and network related.

37 |
 Module 6 is focused on the planning and performance

of the maintenance measures.
 This comprises
Module 6 - the set-up of maintenance programs
Planning - financial planning
and - definition of budgets
mainten- - all preparation work (contract, submission, bidding,
ance
works
assessment of biddings)
- quality control
Mainten-
ance
program

38 |
 Module 7 is a controlling tool for the management process.

 It consists of a program for
Module 7
- a follow-up of maintenance measures
Control of
results - planned/actual comparison
- supervision of the proceeding of measures within the road network
- accounting of the economical aspects
Assuring
efficiency

39 |
Example for the tasks and the process of a maintenance measure
Preparation of a file with information and data about the bridge and about
alternatives:
• relevant data (bridge and damage data, recommendations of the inspection
engineer)
• possible alternatives of maintenance measures
• duration of maintenance measure
• needed traffic regulation
• cost (maintenance measure, traffic regulation)
• prognosis of deterioration

40 |
Example for the tasks and the process of a maintenance measure:

Object level
Corrosion at super-
Cracks in layer
construction
Corrosion of
railing
Not permissible Damage because of

movement of bearing Cracks in substructure scourings
Congrès Nattonal de la Routiers, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010
41 |
measures
Maintenance of concrete: 1.000 m²
Costs 490.500 € Duration: 3 months
Priority 2005 to 2006
Renewing of layer (without sealing)
Maintenance of cracks by injection
Priority from 2010 on (also 2005 to 2009 possible)
Repair of acourings (30 m³)
Repair (33 m)/Renewal (100 m) railing
Costs 19.700 € /34.100 € Duration: 1 week
Maintenance/Exchange of bearing
Costs 24.700 € / 25.300 € Duration : 1 week
42 |

object related analysis
Summe aus
• priority of alternatives for each bridge

Gesamt-
Jahr der Nutzen und Rangfolge am
Nr. Strategie Maßnahme- Nutzen
Maßnahme Kosten Objekt
Kosten*
der Maßnahme
1 FBÜK 6 -30.000 123.200 93.200 37
• network related priority

2 FBÜK 7 -29.100 125.400 96.300 36
3 FBÜK 8 -28.227 127.600 99.373 34
4 FBÜK 9 -27.380 129.800 102.420 32
5 FBÜK 10 -26.559 132.000 105.441 30
6 FBÜK 11 -25.762 134.200 108.438 28
• maintenance program without

7 FBÜK 12 -24.989 136.400 111.411 27
8 FBÜK 13 -24.239 138.600 114.361 26
9 FBÜK 14 -23.512 140.800 117.288 25
10 FBÜK 15 -22.807 143.000 120.193 24
11
12
13
FBÜK
Kappe
Kappe
16
19
20
-22.123
-60.000
-58.200
145.200
144.900
147.000
123.077
84.900
88.800
23
40
39
restrictions
14 Kappe 21 -56.454 149.100 92.646 38
15 Kappe 22 -54.760 151.200 96.440 35
16 Kappe 23 -53.118 153.300 100.182 33
17 Kappe 24 -51.524 155.400 103.876 31
18 Kappe 25 -49.978 157.500 107.522 29
19 Belag 17 -40.000 234.500 194.500 21
20 Belag 18 -38.800 238.000 199.200 19
21 Belag 19 -37.636 241.500 203.864 18
22 Belag 20 -36.507 245.000 208.493 16
23 Belag 21 -35.412 248.500 213.088 14
24 Belag 22 -34.349 252.000 217.651 12
25 Lager 22 -90.000 280.800 190.800 22
26 Lager 23 -87.300 284.700 197.400 20
27
28
29
Lager
Lager
Lager
24
25
26
-84.681
-82.141
-79.676
288.600
292.500
296.400
203.919
210.359
216.724
17
15
13
Target:
30 K+B 19 -87.636 579.600 491.964 7
31
32
33
K+B
K+B
K+B
20
21
22
-85.007
-82.457
-79.983
588.000
596.400
604.800
502.993
513.943
524.817
5
4
3
Optimised maintenance program
34 K+B+F 22 -159.110 1.261.400 1.102.290 2
35
36
K+L
K+L
23
24
-130.418
-126.505
512.460
519.480
382.042
392.975
10
9 (budget, other restrictions)
37 K+L 25 -122.710 526.500 403.790 8
38 F+K 16 -82.123 320.100 237.977 11
39 F+K+B 16 -122.123 624.800 502.677 6
40 F+K+B+L 16 -212.123 1.467.200 1.255.077 1
43 |

network related analysis
• Maintenance program
with restrictions
(budget, condition)
2 Scenario:
• optical condition in road
network with given
budget (finance dominated)
• defined condition in road
network with minimal budget
(quality dominated)
44 |

network related analysis
• Documentation in a map,
or list
45 |

evaluation of strategy Bauwerksalter
9.000.000 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
1
8.000.000 Polynom
Lineare Anpassung
7.000.000 1,5
0,0625/Jahr
6.000.000
2
5.000.000
0,0085/Jahr
2,5
4.000.000
3.000.000
3
2.000.000
3,5
1.000.000
0,025/Jahr
0 4
1,0-1,4 1,5-1,9 2,0-2,4 2,5-2,9 3,0-3,4 3.5-3,9 24 Jahre 83 Jahre 103 Jahre
Zustandsnote
Input:
Result:
Bridge data (SIB-Bauwerke)
Consequences of maintenance
Deterioration model
Maintenance strategy within strategy on bridge condition and
road network value within road network
Cost of measures
46 |

evaluation of strategy
Bauwerksalter
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
1
Polynom
Lineare Anpassung
1,5
0,0625/Jahr
0,0085/Jahr
2,5
3,5
0,025/Jahr
4
24 Jahre 83 Jahre 103 Jahre
47 |
Reducing Damages: Monitoring of Bridges (Priciple)
Datacollection
T   T T
(~1Hz..5kHz),,
Sensors
Communication 220 V/Solar
 
Alert Alert

Dataanalysis LGA
autom. Datenabruf
ISDN / Mobilfunk

LGA Database Server
Internet
Dataview Customer
48 |
Data Analysis
1. Evaluation of status in time
2. Short Term Analysis

Weight 300
272
250
Vibrations 200
175
150
ä
Hu k
figeit
100
47
Long Term Analysis

50
2.
22
9
0
Klasse 1: Klasse 2: Klasse 3: Klasse 4: Klasse 5:
Different Temperatres
3t < T <= 6t 6t <= T <= 9t 9t <= T <= 12t 12t <= T < 15t 15t <= T < 18t
T = Fahrzeuggewicht
Characteristic of building
Tends of changes
Identification of aging
49 |
Monitoring Road Bridges
Procedure
 Using the bridge system as balance
• Deformations of the bearings or other significant parts.
• Calibrating with defined weights
• correlation of bearing deformation to axis load.
• automatical report prompt after passing
Precission
about. 2% of total weight
Brückenlager
Monitoring
Station

50 |
Monitoring
Road Bridges
Example
• Picture above: Heavy lorry on special lane with 5 km/h

• Picture below: Heavy lorry on wrong lane at 30 km/h

51 |
Monitoring Road Bridges
Weight report
2 1 = axis to 4 traction engine

2 = axis 1 to 9 of the first load -car
3 = axis 10 to 20 of the second load- car
3 4 = axis 1 to 3 of the pushing engine
4 disfunction
of hydraulic
52 |
Results:
For a modern Bridge Management System You need:
 clear Regulations for administation and technical aspects
 a good and up-to-date database of all brigdes
 a standard catalogue of damages for objective rating
 a standardised software for dokumentation and analysis
 and verry important a well – trained and well – educated staff

53 |

54 |

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8ème Congrès National de la Route

Ifrane, 3 et 4 juin 2010

Bridge Management System in Germany

Thank You verry much and many greetings from Germany

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

Objective for regulations for bridge inspection

Acute need for safe infrastructure buildings

Organization and execution of the inspection

Comparability of the inspection results

Preparation and planning of measures (bids, damage analyses, Bridge

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

A) Legal aspects: 1. Responsible administration

Bundesfernstraßengesetz, § 3 (1) (Federal law for highways):

1. General administrative regulation for the administration of federal highways, §

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

A) Legal aspects: 2. Execution of the inspection according to DIN

B) Technical aspects Technical Regulations

• Operational execution of the inspections

• Statement of the building condition

• Definition of the necessary timing for repair

• Evaluation of the service life

• Recovery of faults and damage

• Bridge inspection as a component for the Bridge Management System

• Research and development

B) Technical aspects: 2. Safety of traffic

Protective plank away

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

B) Technical aspects: 3. Execution of inspection

Examination vehicle with equipment and

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

B) Technical aspects: 4. Inspection equipment and methods

Inspection close to the bridge („handnear“)

According to DIN 1076 “handnear” examination has

But not like this!

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

B) Technical aspects: 4. Inspection equipment and methods

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

B) Technical aspects: 4. Inspection equipment and methods

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

B) Technical aspects: 5. Inspection reports

Target: A uniform good quality of the

1400 examples of damages

Recommendation for maintenance

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

B) Technical aspects: 5. Inspection reports

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

B) Technical aspects: 5. Inspection reports

• Structure of the subsystem

• Buildings and their order system

• Definitions and codings of the building data

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

Importance of a Bridge Management System

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

Importance of a Bridge Management System

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

Importance of a Bridge Management System

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

Age structure of the bridges

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

Targets and tasks

8ème Congrès National de la Route, Ifrane 3 et 4 Juin 2010

Targets and tasks