Golgi Apparatus

高尔基体
2.2 Cell Structures 参考讲义 pg11/ 参考 Masterclass pg22/ 参考董总课本
pg74
Golgi Apparatus: Golgi body / Golgi complex 高尔基
Structures 体
 Consists of a stack of flattened
顺面
sacs 扁平膜囊 (cisternae 嵴 jí)
and associated vesicles ( 囊泡 ).

 All these cisternae and vesicles

are bound by single membrane. 反面
参考讲义 pg11/ 参考 Masterclass pg22/
参考董总课本 pg74
Golgi Apparatus:
Functions
 Receives proteins ( 蛋白质 ) and
lipids ( 脂质 ) from ER

 When a vesicle ( 囊泡 ) from ER

fuses ( 融合 ) with the cis face
( 顺 面 ), the contents are
delivered into the lumen ( 腔 )
of the cis face cisterna.

 The molecules move from one

cisterna to the next.
参考讲义 pg11/ 参考 Masterclass pg22/
参考董总课本 pg74
Golgi Apparatus:
Functions
 As the molecules progress from
the cis face to the trans face,
they are modified ( 修 饰 ) into
functional molecules and are
marked/labelled ( 标记 ) as well
as sorted ( 分类 ) for delivery to
specific intracellular ( 细 胞 内 )
or extracellular ( 细 胞 外 )
参考讲义 pg11/ 参考 Masterclass pg22/
参考董总课本 pg74
Golgi Apparatus:
Functions
 Modifications involve addition
of non-protein components
such as carbohydrate chains
( 碳水化合物链 ) to protein and
lipid molecules.

 For example, glycoprotein ( 糖蛋

白 ) is formed if carbohydrate
chain is added to protein.
2.2 Cell Structures
Golgi Apparatus:
Functions

糖蛋白 糖脂

Carbohydrate
Carbohydrate
chain
chain
参考讲义 pg11/ 参考 Masterclass pg22/
参考董总课本 pg74
Golgi Apparatus:
Functions
 Once sorted, the modified
proteins and lipids are packaged
into vesicles.

 These vesicles regularly bud off

from the trans face ( 反 面 ) and
transport the molecules to their
target destinations.

 In general, Golgi apparatus

receives, modifies, sorts and
transports proteins and lipids.
参考讲义 pg11/ 参考 Masterclass pg22/ 参考董总课本 pg74
Golgi Apparatus: Functions
(Summary)
 Receives proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic
reticulum and

 Modifies these substances into specific enzymes and

hormones

 Packs modified proteins and lipids into vesicles

 Vesicles then transport modified proteins and lipids to the

plasma membrane to be secreted out of the cell or to other
organelles in the cell.
2.2 Cell Structures 参考讲义 pg11/ 参考 Masterclass pg31
Golgi
Apparatus:
Which types of cell would have high concentration of Golgi body?

o Cells in the salivary glands

o Pancreatic cells

o Cells in male testes ( 睾丸 ), female ovaries ( 卵巢 )

o Goblet cells ( 杯 状 细 胞 ) secrete mucus ( 黏 液 ) in the

alimentary canal ( 消化道 ) and respiratory tract ( 呼吸道 )
2.2 Cell Structures
Golgi
Apparatus: 杯状细胞
Functions