Sub-contracting Outputs

Matt Galvin and Tim Rudin Transport

for London
 Post Occupancy Evaluation
• ... πολλά παραδείγματα κατασκευών αποδεικνύουν ότι η ενεργειακή
απόδοση των τελικών κτιρίων είναι πολύ χαμηλότερη από την
προβλεπόμενη από το σχεδιασμό ...
• Η λύση ?
• Παρακολούθηση της «απόδοσης κατά τη χρήση» για τον
προσδιορισμό με ακρίβεια της ενεργειακής απόδοση ενός κτιρίου
• Με ποιόν τρόπο?
• Μελέτες Post Occupancy Evaluation...
 Τί είναι η μελέτη POE?

• Ορισμός: Η POE είναι μια δομημένη ανασκόπηση της λειτουργικής,

επιχειρησιακής και στρατηγικής απόδοσης του κτιρίου κατά τη
διάρκεια της χρήσης, η οποία περιλαμβάνει την τακτική συλλογή
και την επανεξέταση διαφόρων πτυχών για τον εντοπισμό βασικών
ζητημάτων απόδοσης του κτιρίου και των επιπέδων άνεσης των
χρηστών.
• Η διεξαγωγή μελετών POE μπορεί να συμβάλει :
– Εντοπισμό προβλημάτων
– Αξιολόγηση επένδυσης (feedforward)
– Εισαγωγή έννοιας continuous monitoring
– Τί δεν επιτεύχθηκε σύμφωνα με τη μελέτη και για ποιο λόγο
Costs
 Post Occupancy Evaluation Report
• South East Centre of Built Environment/Constructing Excellence, April-June
2012

• An insight into current POE-related policies and practices by European public

authorities to drive sustainable construction and innovation

• What is POE / current policies and best practices

• Key barriers to greater implementation

• Conclusions & recommendations

 NHS Scotland : Systematic use of POE
• Mandated approach led to large costs savings & better health recovery rates.

• Integrated, systematic and collaborative approach with <1% of a project’s capital sum invested
into POE.

• User needs & business outcomes are fully integrated from the investment bid, through
construction and into operation.

• Project funding is not provided without evidence of user involvement.

• Each stage requires a summary report. A project review is completed within 1-3 months after
handover and the lessons learnt are compiled and shared with others within the network.

• Best practice examples in Finland and Stockholm County

 Challenges to POE implementation
Most public authorities accept that POE is critical, however usage is limited...

1. Property is often low priority for an organization, yet facilities have a huge impact on productivity and costs are
sometimes second only to the workforce.

2. Disconnect between those that procure, operate and use a building – so encourages localized cost-cutting despite
consequence on others. (Budget separation issue).

3. No mandate or requirement from a senior person or organization – so it is treated an ‘optional extra’ rather than
‘critical input’.

4. Time pressure on staff time and project programmes – no time to ‘plan’, just ‘do’

5. Disconnect between similar projects and organizations – preventing comparisons & shared learning

6. Fear of being associated with a poor performing project – it is better not to ask than have to deny/distance themselves.
 Recommendation 6.e
• Recommendation 6.e: Incorporate a post-occupancy evaluation
into construction contracts, together with a clear indication of
sanctions for non-compliance with designed performance

• PA’s requiring and using POE report significant benefits

£ reduced in-use energy consumption & associated costs (& carbon emissions)
£ reduced construction and maintenance costs
£ improved occupier productivity
 Next Steps
• Case Studies x 3 by end of Dec

• Further identification on the best ways to

integrate a POE obligation into construction and
facility management contracts...
 Monetisation of Carbon in WLC in Construction

• Measurement of carbon within building projects

• Extent of the monetisation of carbon into Whole Life Costing
(WLC) appraisals
• James Fiske, Mott McDonald
• Uses UK case studies in order to provide examples and best
practice guidance from construction and other sectors
• Recommendations for those who need or want to include carbon
within project appraisals.
 Monetisation of Carbon in WLC in Construction

• Operational carbon monetised.... embodied carbon not yet

• Only at request of a client who is subjected to the associated taxes or charges

(such as the UK’s CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme) or in regulated industry such as
Water Utilities Sector in UK.

• If appraised at all, embodied carbon is generally reported as a weight and

considered separately to cost in any project appraisals.

• Recommendations based on the consideration of carbon during the design stage

of a proposed development and/or applicable to other stages of a construction
project including in use, refurbishment and replacement activities.
 Performance-based procurement in the
construction sector: feasibility study
• Academic study being developed by School of Construction
Management and Engineering, University of Reading, led by Will
Hughes, Professor of Construction Management and Economics

• Considers the feasibility of performance-based contracting for

local authorities in terms of:
• Finance
• Governance – EU procurement regulations
• Contractual approach
• Organizational culture and strategy
 Performance-based procurement in the
construction sector: feasibility study
• Utilising new and existing research to look at possible
procurement models and financing options

• Interviewing suppliers and reviewing examples from the public

and private sectors:
• Greater Manchester traffic lights
• Rolls Royce “Power by the Hour”
• SBS Utilities in Queensland, Australia
• Alsatian High Schools

• Recommendations and guidance

 Case Studies
Two further case studies are being finalised:

2012 Olympic Park Development

- Sustainable Procurement

Design for sustainable

school construction in Bristol
 Dissemination
Events:
• 19-21 Sept - EcoProcura 2012, Malmo
• 10 Oct – Strategic Supply Chain Group, London
• 20-21 Nov – Action Programme on Responsible Sourcing (APRES)
Conference, Loughborough
• 30 Nov – Constructing Excellence National UK Awards Event, London
(tbc)

Publications:
• UK and EU Construction Trade Press
• Procurement Press: Supply Management, etc
• Sustainability newsletters/publications e.g. Defra’s SD Scene