Chemical Names and

Formulas
Overview
•Metals and Non-Metals
•Ions and Ionic Charges
•Types of Compounds
•Systematic Names
-Writing Names and Formulas
 Metals and Nonmetals
 Stairway Of Division on Periodic Table
 C, P, Se, I, Rn and to the right are non-
metals
 B, Si, As, Ge, Sb, Te, Po, At are semi-
metals
 All others are metals
 Ions
 Cations  Anions
Positively Negatively
Charged Charged
Atoms Atoms
 i.e. Na+  -
i.e. Cl
 IONIC CHARGES
 Group I -> 1+

 Group II -> 2+

 Group III -> 3+

 Group IV -> 4+
 IONIC CHARGES
 Group V -> 3-

 Group VI -> 2-

 Group VII -> 1-

 Group VIII -> Noble Gases

 TYPES OF COMPOUNDS
 Ionic Compounds

• composed of positive and

negative ions.
• usually formed from a metal and
non-metal.
• these elements are not attached
to one another.
 TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Ionic Compounds con’t

• Examples
NaCl
CaBr2
KI
CHEMICAL FORMULAS
 Definition

• shows the kind and numbers of

atoms in the smallest
representative unit of the
substance.
 i. e.

NaCl
 IONIC COMPOUNDS
 A formula unit is the lowest
whole number ratio of ions in an
ionic compound.
 i.e. Na2Cl2 -> NaCl
 There is no such thing as a
molecule of NaCl!!!!!!!!!
 IONIC COMPOUNDS

 If charges cancel, just write the symbols

Na+1 Cl-1 NaCl
 If charges do not cancel, criss-cross:
Ca+2 Cl-1 CaCl2
***Do not move the charge, only the
number
***Do not write the 1
 NAMING
COMPOUNDS
 Your ability to name compounds
and write formula’s hinges on
your ability to recognize whether
a compound is Ionic or
Molecular.
 BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Binary means 2 elements
 Ionic means a metal and a non-
metal (or cation and anion)
 Writing Formulas

• charges must balance so

compound charge is neutral.
 BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Writing Formulas from Names

• 1st word = CATION

• 2nd word = ANION name
with ide
ending.
 BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 NaBr  Sodium
Bromide
 MgF2  Magnesium
Fluoride
 BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Potassium
K+Cl- -> KCl
Chloride
 Aluminum
Al23+O32- ->
Oxide
Al2O3
• notice ending
of name is ide!
 Polyatomic Ions
 Definition •tightly bound
groups of atoms that behave as
a unit and carry a charge.
2-
 Example SO3 , NO2 , ClO2
- -
 TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Ternary means 3 different
elements
 Usually contain Poly-atomic
Ions
 Ionic means cation and anion
 TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS:Writing
Formulas
 Ca2+CO32- Calcium

CaCO3 Carbonate
Charges canceled.

Just write the symbols

 TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS: Naming

Calcium  Ca+2 (NO3)-1

Nitrate
Notice the charges didn’t
cancel so they criss crossed
Ca(NO3)2
Naming with Transition
Metals
 First word = CATION
 Second word = ANION
– The Roman numeral will tell you the
charge of the transition metal
– Silver (Ag) is an exception. It’s
charge is +1
 Naming Transition
Metals
Copper (I) Cu+1 O-2
Oxide
Cu2O
 Writing Formulas with
Transition Metals
FeCl3 Iron (III)

Fe Cl+3 -1 Chloride
FeCl2 Iron (II)
Fe +2
Cl -1 Chloride
*Backwards criss-cross to know the charge/Roman numeral
 TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Molecular Compounds

• composed of molecules in
which elements share
electrons.
• usually composed of 2
nonmetals.
• these elements are attached
 MOLECULAR
FORMULA
 Definition

• shows the numbers and

kinds of atoms present in a
molecule of a compound.
 i. e.

CO
 TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Molecular Compounds con’t

•Examples
CS2
SiO2
BF3
 BINARY MOLECULAR
COMPOUNDS
Binary means 2 elements
Molecular means 2 non-
metals
NO ionic charges are
present
 Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
 Prefixes are used to show how
many atoms are present in each
molecule.
 Covalent Prefixes
 Mono (or no prefix) –  Hexa – 6
1  Hepta – 7
 Di – 2  Octa – 8
 Tri – 3  Nona – 9
 Tetra – 4  Deca – 10
 Penta – 5
 Writing Binary
Molecular Compounds
CO2 Carbon
Dioxide
•no mono • Di means 2
prefix is used on oxygens!!
first element
 Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
 2 ways it’s done!

• (prefix + element name)

i.e. N2O
dinitrogen monoxide
 Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
• (prefix + element root + ide)
i.e. PCl3
Phosphorous Trichloride
 All binary compounds end in
ide!!!