Understanding

Culture, Society
UCSP and Politics
MELC 1
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Week 1: Lesson 2

Prepared by: Ms. A

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Review
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Spelling Bee!

1. Commander 6. Political science

2. Conflict 7. Governance
3. Power 8. Institution
4. Distribution 9. Administration
5. State 10. Public Policy
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Spelling
1. activities 7. Territory 13.Session
2. governance 8. Sovereignty 14.Political
3. departments 9. Government science

4. politician 10.Legislative 15.constitution

5. empirical 11.Judiciary
6. Policy 12.Executive
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Objectives of the Day

1. Define political science.

2. Enumerate the goal, fields and
examples of political ideology.
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Word of the Day

Political Identity- refers to the political
z position based on the interest and
perspectives of social groups with which
people’s politics and shaped by aspects of
their identity through loosely correlated
social organization.
Lesson 1
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Political Science
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Definition of Political Science

Political Science comes from the Greek

words' “polis” – refers to the city state in
ancient Greece and “scire”- means to
know.
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Definition of Political Science

 Political Science is a systematic study of
governance by the application of empirical and
generally scientific methods of analysis.
 Definition of Political Science
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Political science is above all

thez study of power: how it
is created, exercised,
justified, and challenged.
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GOAL OF POLITICAL
SCIENCE

 Political Science examines the state

and its organs and its institutions.
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GOAL OF POLITICAL
SCIENCE

 Political science aims to know the activities

within the state.
 Such activities include the following: human
interaction and conflict, human and state
relations, and power distribution.
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 FIELDS OF POLITICAL
SCIENCE

 Political Theory – examines the contemporary

application of political concepts such as human
rights, equality, peace, and justice.
 Comparative Politics – branch of political
science that aims to provide context to the
differences in government and political system.
 z   FIELDS OF POLITICAL
SCIENCE
 International Relations – the study of state-to-state
relations and the wider margin of the impacts of
globalization and climate change such as terrorism,
piracy, and democratization of non-Western territories
fall into the category of international relations.
 Public Administration – it examines the various
administrative schemes implemented by government
officials.
   FIELDS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
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 Political Behavior – this field covers the

attitude, knowledge, and actions of an individual in
response to political variables such as policies
created by the government.
 Public Policy – this field inquires on the types of
governmental policies and the underlying motivations
for their enactment and implementation.
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Lesson 2
Political Ideology
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Political Ideology
 A political ideology is a set of ideas, beliefs, values, and
opinions, exhibiting a recurring pattern, that competes
deliberately as well as unintentionally over providing
plans of action for public policy making in an attempt
to justify, explain, contest, or change the social and
political arrangements and processes of a political
community.
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What are political ideologies for?

 To provide people with programs of

political action:
 to govern societies, or
to struggle for change
 Both for integration and for conflict, you
need an ideology – a coherent set of
ideas for purposeful action.
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Types of Political
ideologies and styles
of Government
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1.Absolutism- System where the

rulers have unlimited control.
2.Anarchism- Society without
government, laws, police or
other authority.
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3. Aristocracy- The privilege of social class

whose members possess a disproportionately
large percentage of society's wealth, prestige
and political influence.
4. Autocracy- Supreme political power is in
the hands of one person whose decisions are
unregulated.
5. Communism-
z Extreme left-wing ideology
based on the revolutionary socialist teachings of
Marx. Collective ownership and a planned
economy. Each should work to their capability and
receive according to their needs.
6. Conservatism- Governmental system where
the existing institutions are maintained,
emphasizing free-enterprise and minimal
governmental intervention.
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7. Democracy- Government by the

people, usually through elected
representatives.
8. Dictatorship- Government by a
single person with absolute control
over the resources of the state.
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Lesson 3
STATE
 ELEMENTS OF STATE
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 People – the most important elements of state

since the existence of the people that concepts on
government, state, territory and sovereignty take
shape.
 Territory – the geographic space in which the
sovereignty of a state is exercised.
 ELEMENTS OF STATE
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 Government – the set of personnel who

manages the affairs of the state in its act of
allocating scarce values.
Sovereignty – this is the capacity of a
political system to make independent
decisions within its territory.
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Lesson 4
GOVERNMENT
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Types of Government
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Lesson 5
BRANCHES OF THE GOVERNMENT
z Branches of Government
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Developing Mastery
Political Science is __________________________.

The four elements of the state are _______________.

The basic form of government according to Aristotle are

_______.

There are three branches of government, these are ________.

z Application

What is the
most important Why is it
lesson you important for
have learned you?
today?
 z Evaluation

TEST 1: Identification
1. ___________ aims to know the activities within
the state. Such activities include the following:
human interaction and conflict, human and state
relations, and power distribution.
2. ___________ is the set of personnel who
manages the affairs of the state in its act of
allocating scarce values.
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3. ___________ this is the capacity of a political system

to make independent decisions within its territory.
4. ___________ _the geographic space in which the
sovereignty of a state is exercised.
5. ____________ the most important elements of state
since the existence of the people that concepts on
government, state, territory and sovereignty take shape.
 z TEST 2: Enumeration: Branches of
Government
Branch of 6. ____________________ 7. ____________________ 8. __________________
Government
9. ____________________ 10. ________________
Specific Task Carries out Laws

11. __________________ 13. Vice President

15. Other Federal

12. House of Representative 14. ________________ Court
Composition
 z TEST 3: Essay
16-20. How important is government to
society?

21-25. Do a brief evaluation of any

political issue of your choice that is
socially trends.

Additional points for all English answer 

 TEST 2.
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6. Legislative
ANSWER KEY 7. Executive
8. Judiciary
9. Law Makers
10. Interprets Laws
TEST I:
1. Political Science 11. Congress
2. Government 12. Senate
3. Sovereignty
4. Territory 13. President
5. People 14. Cabinet
15. Supreme Court