PRESENTATION ON

RESERVE FORCE DEVELOPMENT

 BACKGROUND
 OVERVIEW OF THE RRA STRATEGY CONCEP-
TUAL FRAMEWORK
 OVERVIEW OF THE RFD STRATEGY CONCEP-
TUAL FRAMEWORK
 MISSION OF THE RESERVE COMPONENTS
 TOTAL FORCE CONCEPT
 COMMAND RELATIONSHIP
 RESERVE FORCE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
 UTILIZATION OF THE RESERVE FORCE
 CONCLUSION
 BACKGROUND
 HISTORY BEARS WITNESS TO THE FACT THAT THE TRIBAL FILIPINO
CHIEFTAINS DEPENDED MAINLY ON THEIR PEOPLE TO WARD-OFF
FOREIGN AGGRESSIONS.
 THE BATTLES IN OUR HISTORY ESTABLISHED THE FOUNDATIONS
OF THE PRESENT NATIONAL DEFENSE POLICY.
 THE CONCEPT OF THE CITIZEN ARMY WAS FORMALLY PUT INTO
OPERATION WITH THE ENACTMENT OF THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
ACT OF 1935 (COMMONWEALTH ACT # 1)
 THE RESERVE FORCES PROVED THEIR WORTH DURING THE OUT-
BREAK OF SECOND WORLD WAR.
 THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESERVE FORCES IS A PRIMARY PILLAR OF
A MODERN ARMED FORCES.
 OUR AFP IS A TOTAL FORCE BACKED-UP BY A BROAD BASED OF
WELL TRAINED, READILY MOBILIZABLE, EXPANDABLE RESERVE
FORCE AS EMBODIED IN THE 1987 PHIL CONSTITUTION.
 THIS PROVISION WAS FURTHER UNDERSCORED BY TWO OTHER
MAJOR LAWS ENACTED RECENTLY --- THE RA 7077 AND RA 7898 ---
WHICH NOW SERVES AS THE “BIBLE” FOR RESERVIST AFFAIRS OF
THE AFP.
 RRA STRATEGY CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
INPUTS PROCESS OUTPUT OUTCOME
 RA 7077
 RA 9163
RFD RR  PREPAREDNESS
 OTHER MAN- FOR NATIONAL
UNITS
DATES DEFENSE
 FUNDS  EMERGENCY
RMD RAA
 FACILITIES  ENVIRONMENTAL
 COMPETENT PROTECTION
TRAINORS SRES  SOCIO ECO-
RPA DIV
 PROFESSIONALS NOMIC ASSIS-
TANCE
 YOUTH

FEEDBACK / EVALUATION
RRBN – ORGANIZATION, OPERATIONAL READINESS & MORALE
OF TROOPS MAINTAINED
SRES DIV – RESPONSIVE TO ASSEMBLY CALLS MAINTAINED
ROSTER OF TROOPS UPDATED
OTHER CONCERNS
 RFD STRATEGY CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
INPUTS PROCESS OUTPUT/OUTCOME
 RA 7077

SO
ORGANIZED

L
A

CI
 RA 9163

O
TI
LI

CU
PO
 1987 CONSTN

LT
UR
 DOCTRINE A READILY

AL
DEVELOP TRAIN
 TRAINORS MOBILIZABLE
 FUNDS RESERVE
 EQUIPMENT
FORCE

PS
EC

 FACILITIES

OU
ADMINISTER EQUIP
OM

GR
 RR UNITS
OM

AT
RE
 ROTC CDTS
IC

TH
FEEDBACK / EVALUATION
VALUES: CBT SKILLS: DRRO SKILLS ENVT’L PROT’N COUNTER
Maka Dios Lead BLS/First Aid Waste Man- TERRORISM
Makatao Move Disaster, Res- agement SICTs
Makabansa Shoot cue & Relief Envt’l Prot’n & RICTs
Firefighting Preservation
Makakalikasan Communicate
 READY RESERVE
TO PROVIDE FORCES FOR THE EXPANSION OF INFANTRY
BRIGADE (SEPARATE) IN THE EVENT OF WAR, INVASION OR RE-
BELLION; TO ASSIST IN RELIEF AND RESCUE DURING DISASTERS
OR CALAMITIES; AND TO ASSIST IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOP-
MENT IN THE REGION.

STANDBY RESERVE
TO PROVIDE THE PHIL ARMY THE BASE FOR EXPANSION OF
FORCES: TO PROVIDE REPLACEMENT UNITS AND INDIVIDUALS
TO THE READY RESERVE INF DIV IN THE EVENT OF WAR, INVA-
SION OR REBELLION; TO ASSIST IN RELIEF AND RESCUE DURING
DISASTERS OR CALAMITIES; AND TO ASSIST IN SOCIO-ECO-
NOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE REGION.
RESERVE FORCE STRUCTURE OF
THE FUTURE ARMY
X
(8)

II II

1 Reg Inf Bn 2 RRI Inf Bn x 8 Inf Bde (S) =

16 RRI Bns

RR1 – MOBILIZEABLE WITHIN 7 DAYS

 RESERVE FORCE STRUCTURE OF
THE FUTURE ARMY
TOTAL ARMY

XX XX

(8)

II II II

1 Reg Inf Bn 15 Inf Div (SRES)

CSU and CSSU
Mobilizeable dur-
ing wartime only
8 RR Inf Bn x 8 Inf Bde
(S) = 64 RR Bns (To ex-
pand the Inf Bde (S) into
Inf Div during wartime)
PA TOTAL FORCE MIX RATIO
 TOTAL FORCE RESERVE MANPOWER REQUIRE-
MENT
15 - YR ARMY RESERVE FORCE DEVT PROGRAM
(1997-2011)

MANPOWER OBJECTIVE
UNITS OFFRS EP TOTAL

16 RR1 Inf Bns (2X8) 544 8,960 9,504

48 RR2 Inf Bns (6X8) 1,632 26,880 28,512
Combat Spt and Cbt Svc Spt units 1,968 19,360 21,328
SUB TOTAL 4,144 55,200 59,344
Plus 30% supernumeraries 1,243 16,560 17,803
TOTAL 5,387
5,387 71,760
71,760 77,147
77,147

Regular Components 840 13,584 14,424

15 Standby Reserve Infantry Division 9,345 128,970 138,315

138,315
TYPES OF COMMAND RELATIONSHIP
ORGANIC – A UNIT THAT FORMS AN ESSENTIAL PART OF AN ARMY
UNIT AND IS LISTED IN THE TABLE OF ORGANIZATION AND
EQUIPMENT OR TABLE OF DISTRIBUTION AND ALLOWANCES.

ASSIGNED – THE UNIT IS PLACED IN AN ORGANIZATION ON PERMA-

NENT BASIS AND IS CONTROLLED AND ADMINISTERED BY THE
ORGANIZATION TO WHICH IT IS ASSIGNED FOR ITS PRIMARY
FUNCTIONS OR THE GREATER PORTION OF ITS FUNCTIONS.

ATTACHED – THE UNIT IS PLACED IN AN ORGANIZATION ON TEMPO-

RARY BASIS. SUBJECT TO LIMITATIONS IMPOSED BY THE AT-
TACHMENT ORDER, THE COMMANDER OF THE FORMATION,
UNIT OR ORGANIZATION TO WHICH THE UNIT IS ATTACHED EX-
ERCISES THE SAME DEGREE OF COMMAND AND CONTROL AS
WELL AS RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ATTACHED UNIT AS HE
DOES OVER UNITS ORGANIC TO HIS COMMAND. HOWEVER, THE
RESPONSIBILITY FOR TRANSFER AND PROMOTION OF PER-
SONNEL IS NORMALLY RETAINED BY THE COMMANDER TO
WHICH THE UNIT IS ASSIGNED.
SALIENT POINTS ON THE COMMAND RELATION-
SHIP BETWEEN ACTIVE AND RESERVE COMPO-
NENTS
 THE COMMANDING GENERAL, PHIL ARMY EXERCISES CONTROL OF
ALL ARMY RESERVE COMPONENT FORCES BOTH DURING PEACE-
TIME AND WARTIME CONDITIONS.
 READY RESERVE (RR) AND STANDBY RESERVE (SRES) UNITS ARE
ORGANIC TO THE PHILIPPINE ARMY.
 DURING PEACETIME CONDITION, RR AND SRES ARE ATTACHED TO
THE ARMY RESERVE COMMAND AND FURTHER ATTACHED TO THE
REGIONAL COMMUNITY DEFENSE GROUPS IN THEIR RESPECTIVE
REGIONS FOR DECENTRALIZED DEVELOPMENT, ORGANIZATION,
TRAINING, EQUIPAGE, MAINTENANCE, ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL
AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT.
 THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF MILITARY JUS-
TICE REMAIN WITH THE RESERVE COMPONENT DIVISION COMMAN-
DER.
 IN CASE OF MOBILIZATION, COMMAND RELATIONSHIP SHALL BE AS
PRESCRIBED BY THE HQS PHIL ARMY.
 COMMAND RELATIONSHIP
ORGANIC
ATTACHED
HPA
INTEGRATION FOR
EXPANSION
ARESCOM COORDINATIVE

INF BDE RCDG

(SEP)
X13
X8

INF DIV INF DIV

(RR) (SRES)

X8 X15
 RESERVE FORCE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
VOLUNTEER
PROCUREMENT PRE-RE- (RR)
RESERVE SERVIST COMMISSION PLACEMENT/
FORCE NEEDS TRAINING ENLISTMENT ORGN NON VOLUN-
TEER (SRES)

ROTC, BCMT, POTC,

RR (COMPUL-
MOT (ARU, NEW SORY)
COMSD OFFR) INDIVIDUAL
CAREER COURSE/ADT
TRNG
SRES (VOL-
UNTARY)

CAREER COURSE/ADT

UNIT TRNG OT
(RR ONLY)
SPL
TRNG
-
RETIREMENT UTIL/MOB MAIN/REF EQUIPAGE DEARRT
SEPARATION ACTIVATION TRNG ACTVS (RR ONLY)
- EPT
AUGMENTATION FORCE CCIE, MOVE, SHOOT,
DRR OPNS LIM- COMMUNICATE
- OTH-
ITED ISO CIVAC
RR SRES ERS
SOCIO
ECON DEVT
REGISTRATION/ACCOUNTING REORGANI-
REF TRNG ZATION/REPLACEMENT ASSEM-
STR MAINT/REP BLY TEST
ASSY & EVAL TEST CONTINUING FILL-UP/RECORDS UPDATING
PREMOB
 UTILIZATION OF THE RESERVE FORCE
ARTICLE X, RA 7077

SECTION 59 – MOBILIZATION – The utilization of the Reserve Force in

times of emergency to meet threats to national security shall be
through mobilization:
1) Full Mobilization – Full mobilization shall be through the joint act of
congress and the President . When full mobilization is ordered, all units
of the Ready and Standby Reserves will be activated, the Reservists
constituting them are Called to Active Duty, and the units activated are
placed on operational readiness. All other reservists not assigned to
any unit or those assigned to reserve pools shall be organized into re-
placement units:
2) Partial Mobilization – Partial mobilization shall be through the joint
act of congress and the President. When partial mobilization is ordered,
only the units of the Ready Reserve as necessary to meet the threat will
be activated, the Reservists assigned to these units are Called to Active
Duty and the activated units are placed on operational readiness. The
President will specify the units to be activated;
 UTILIZATION OF THE RESERVE FORCE

3) Selective Mobilization – Selective mobilization shall be by au-

thority of the President. Selective mobilization may be ordered
to meet a local threat or emergency situation. When so or-
dered, only selected units of the Ready Reserve of the locali-
ties involved are activated and the reservists assigned to them
are called to active duty; or active auxiliary units are organized
and volunteer reservists are called to active auxiliary service
for the purpose, under such rules and regulations as the Secre-
tary of National Defense may prescribed.
SECTION 60. Status of Reservists under Mobilization – An En-
listed/ Officer Reservist when called to active duty by virtue of
mobilization shall receive all the pay and allowances, medical
care, hospitalization and other privileges and benefits pre-
scribed by law of regulations for officers and enlisted person-
nel of the regular force.
 UTILIZATION OF THE RESERVE FORCE

SECTION 62. Demobilization – When the threat or emergency for

which mobilization had been ordered has passed, the President
shall order the demobilization of the Reserve Units activated
and the Reservists of such deactivation units shall be reverted
to the inactive status.
SECTION 63. Auxiliary Service – For the purpose of helping main-
tain local peace and order, meeting local insurgency threat, as-
sisting in rescue and relief operations, during disasters and
calamities, health welfare activities and participating in local
socio-economic development projects, the President may call
upon the reservists in the affected or concerned localities to
volunteer their services. Such voluntary services shall be re-
ferred to as auxiliary service and shall be of two (2) types.
 UTILIZATION OF THE RESERVE FORCE

1) Civil Auxiliary Service – Civil auxiliary service covers services

rendered in helping maintain law and order, assisting in rescue
and relief operations, participating in socio economic devel-
opment projects, delivery of health services and any other non
military activity. Female reservists shall be given greater partic-
ipation in this regard. Reservists serving under this category
shall not be armed. Those who have licensed firearms may be
granted permit to carry firearms only when they are actually
performing duties in maintaining peace and order, provided
adequate control measures are instituted by the proper authori-
ties concerning the carrying and use of firearms. In no case
shall the reservists be vested with police powers.
 UTILIZATION OF THE RESERVE FORCE

2) Military Auxiliary Service – Military auxiliary service covers

services rendered in meeting local insurgency threat. Re-
servists serving under this category will be organized into
Ready Reserve units. They must be issued and allowed to carry
firearms: provided, that these reservists will be utilized only for
the defense of their respective localities and will not be em-
ployed outside their localities. Elected/appointed local gov-
ernment officials are expected to perform their duties and re-
sponsibilities in their respective peace and order council levels
or similar organizations efficiently and effectively to enhance a
total integrated system approach against threats to national
security.
The Secretary of National Defense shall prescribe the rules
and regulations to implement this section in coordination with
the Secretary of the Interior and Local Government.
 UTILIZATION OF THE RESERVE FORCE

SECTION 64. Status of Reservists on Auxiliary Service – A re-

servist performing auxiliary service shall not receive pay but
shall be entitled to receive allowances and burial benefits as
provided by law. With his consent, a reservist on auxiliary ser-
vice, whether civil or military, may continue to render such ser-
vice without receiving the allowances due him. A reservist serv-
ing military auxiliary service is subject to Military Law;
whereas, a reservist serving civil auxiliary service is not.
 CONCLUSION

The strategic value of a properly orga-

nized, trained and equipped Reserve
Force cannot be over-emphasized. Signif-
icantly, they serve as deterrent against
both internal and external threats.