EVOLUTION OF THE HOSPITAL

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 INTRODUCTION

• The healthcare industry has evolved.

• This evolution is from simple to complex.

• At first the industry was simple.

• Today it is complex with bureaucratic systems.

• This presentation seeks to examine this evolution.

 PRIMARY OBJECTIVE

• Changes in the healthcare industry include;

Hospital environments.

Level of service,

Level of education

Payment system.
 HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENTS

• In the 1800’s most Hospitals were dirty.

• Hospitals were overcrowded.

• Patients shared beds.

• Hospitals were unventilated and plagued with infections.

• Medical staff used basic equipment for treatment.

 HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENTS

• In the 1960’s Hospitals had better lighting systems.

• Hospitals had adjustable electronic beds.

• Hospitals were a bit clean and sanitary.

• Less crowding.

• Hospital began having air conditioning.

 HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENTS

• Today are cleanest.

• Patients do not share beds.

• Hospitals are easily accessible.

• Hospitals use advanced technology.

• Patients are comfortable in the hospital.

 EVOLUTION OF CARE
• In the 1800’s doctors were not specialized.
• The 1828 Act gave doctors licenses.
• Trained physicians only focused on germs control.
• Discovery of forceps pushed midwives out of business.
• Unavailability of anesthesia made surgeries rare.
• Surgeries were limited to lithotomies
 EVOLUTION OF CARE

• In the 1960’s nurses were hand maidens.

• Physicians had advanced training.

• Concepts of modern medical education was available.

• Students attended medical school for 4 years.

• Doctors used advanced equipment like x-rays.

 EVOLUTION OF CARE

• Development of patient centered care.

• Patients are treated with care and respect.

• Patient privacy is improved.

• Physicians receive the best training.

• Patient doctor transparency has also improved.

 PAYMENT SYSTEM

• In the 1800s payment was restricted to fees.

• Payments were made annually.

• Sometimes they were ignored until settled.

• Payment were also in form of goods.

• Patients could use livestock as payment.

 PAYMENT SYSTEM

• In 1965 Medicare was introduced.

• In 1966 Medicaid was introduced.

• This era was market with insurance payments.

• Patients made payments into their insurance coverage.

• Hospitals adopted to this form of payment.

 PAYMENT SYSTEM

• Medicare and Medicaid are still being used.

• There are other private insurance companies.

• Wider range of insurance payment.

• Fees to insurance companies are paid monthly.

• Patients can consult on the type of insurance

 CONCLUSION

• The healthcare industry will keep evolving.

• Changes will not stop.

• Hospital environments will improve.

• Better modes of payments will be introduced.

• These changes show how humans are evolving.

 REFERENCE

• Long, D. E. (2019). The American general hospital: communities and

social contexts. Cornell University Press.

• Jeon, J., Hong, S., Yang, T., & Ohm, J. Y. (2016). How technological
innovation affects the structure of an industry: entrepreneurship evolution
in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry since 1980. Technology
Analysis & Strategic Management, 28(6), 733-754.

• Sultz, H. A. (2014). Health Care USA, 8th Edition. [Bookshelf Online].

Retrieved from https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781284055139/
 REFERENCE
• Encyclopedia. (2020). The Evolution of The U.S. Healthcare System.
Retrieved from;
https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transc
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chnology