ENVIRONMENTAL

EDUCATION
floods, cyclone, oil spill
Presented by
J.Selsiya
INTRODUCTION
 Environmental hazards may be stated as those
extreme events caused by natural process or
man’s activities.
 The term environmental hazard, environmental
disasters are used for extreme events such as ,
floods, cyclone, volcanic eruption,
FLOODS
Floods are rising level of water along a river
channel or cost leading to inundating of land that
is not normally submerged.
REASONS FOR FLOOD

Unusual meteorological condition

due to volcanic explosion and earthquake
under the sea
Continuous heavy rain fall
Excessive melting of snow and ice
Bursting of dams
EFFECT OF FLOOD
Floods affect the normal life of people and livestock
Crops buildings and roads are damaged
Communication get disrupted.
MEASURES TO CONTROL FLOODS

Strengthening the river tanks and raising their height

Soil protection is ensured in catchment areas of rivers
Constructing more number of dams and check dams
across the river
Evaluation of people from flood-prone areas and setting
them in safer places
CYCLONE
 Cyclone is the region of low atmospheric pressure
surrounded by a wind system in a counter clockwise
direction.
 A storm in desert rains sand, they are called sand-storms
 similarly in high altitude mountain regions due to severe
atmospheric pressure changes storms rain snow and ice,
they are called snow-storm or blizzards
DAMAGES CAUSED BY CYCLONE
 Due to cyclonic storm villages and town located on the
coastal areas are flooded with water, trees are uprooted.
 Crops, buildings, roads, communication structure are
damaged. Thus cyclonic storms strongly affects the
environment.
MEASURES TO CONTROL THE CYCLONE
DAMAGE
 It is better to construct building on the plains in the hilly
region than on high rise areas neat the top
 Power supply could be stopped while cyclone crosses the
seashore

 Cyclone rehabitation centre could be established on the

sea coasts
OIL SPILLS
 An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum
hydrocarbon into the environ ment especially the marine
ecosystem due to human activity and is a form of
pollution’
 Oil spill may be due to the leakage of crude oil from
tankers or pipeline break
 Generally oil spills harm ocean in two ways
 Fouling or oiling- it occures when oil physically harm a
plant or animal. Oil can coat on birds wings and leave it
unable to fly
 Oil toxicity- the oil consist of many different toxic
compounds it can occur severe health problem like heart
damage
MEASURES
 The trained experts use different equipment to remove
oil spill from the environment
 Skimmers are used to skim oil from the sea surface

 We have to protect our environment and take to prevent

these disasters