REPORT OF GROUP 4

SHUTTER SPEED CONTROL-

FILM SPEED CONTROL
LEADER; KIER BRIANT CARPIO
MEMBERS:HENDRICK LAWRENCE BARRIOS
KENT DARWIN FAJICULAY
ANDREA TALAMISAN
 • SHUTTER SPEED • DIAPRHAGM CONTROL
CONTROL
• THE CONTROL OF
• SHUTTER LIGHT INTENSITY
• SHUTTER SPEED • FILM SPEED CONTROL
• KINDS OF SHUTTER
• BASIC EXPOSURE
GUIDE
CONTENT • CHARCTERISTICS OF
SUBJECT
• STOPPING ACTION
• DIRECTION OF MOVING
OBJECT
• USING SHUTTER
SPEED AND APERTURE
TOGETHER
 SHUTTER SPEED CONTROL

The Length of time needed by the light ray to

reach and affect film inside the camera is
restricted by the shutter speed control of the
camera. Common shutter speeds are:
(T/B) 1, 1/2 , 1/4, 1/8, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125,
1/500, 1/1000, 1/2000, 1/4000, 1/8000
 TIME (T):“T” stands for time or instantaneous-
when you press the shutter release button, the
shutter opens up for a period approximatey1/50
seconds.
1. Rotate the shutter speed dial to [T].

2. Rotate the command dial to choose a shutter

speed between 30 s and 2 s in steps of 1/3 EV.

3. Press the shutter button all the way down to

take a picture at the selected shutter speed. A
count-down timer will be displayed while the
exposure is in progress.
 BULB (B):“B” stand for bulb- the shutter remains open as long as the shutter is press down.
For long exposure, this is usually required in dim places to permit enough light to accumulate
to make satisfactory pictures.

1. Rotate the shutter speed dial to [B].

2. Press the shutter button all the way down. The

shutter will remain open for up to 60 minutes
while the shutter button is pressed; the display
shows the time elapsed since the exposure
started.
 SHUTTER

A device that allows the

light passes through the
lens and closes at given
time.
 Click icon to add picture

Aperture F22 F16 F11 F8 F5.6

Shutter 1/8 1/6 1/125 1/250 1/500

SHUTTER SPEED
Refers to the time the
shutter is opened, allowing
light to reach the film ( how
long is the light is allowed
through the lens.)
KINDS OF SHUTTER:

• Those placed before the lens

• Those placed behind the lens (leaf shutter)
• Between the lens Shutters
• Focal plane Shutter
 Those Placed
Before the Lens
Usually filtered in a box
camera usually made of thin
metallic disc with an open
slot which is made to pass in
the front of the lens by
spring.
Those placed behind
the lens (leaf shutter)
For professional or for
portrait camera; consist
of three metallic leaves
which are keep by a
string.
 Between the lens
Shutters
Employs a number of
metals that overlaps and
arrange in a circle; this
blades are opened and close
by pins or moveable rings.
Focal plane Shutter
It consist of light tight
overlapping curtains
containing a narrow slit
which passes across the
focal plane in front of the
film
 Basic Exposure Guide
Exposure Index 50 Shutter Speed= 1/50 second

Subject type Bright sun Hazy sun Cloudy bright Cloudy Dull

Brilliant f/22 f/16 f/11 f/8

Bright f/16 f/11 f/8 f/5.6

Average f/11 f/8 f/5.6 f/4

Shaded f/8 f/5.6 f/4 f/2.8

 Characteristic of Subject

• Brilliant
• Bright
• Average
• Shadded
 Brilliant- Beach, marine and snow scenes; landscapes and
mountains without prominent dark object in the foreground.
Bright- people in marine beach or snow
scenes; scenes with foreground objects.
Average- Nearby people, gardens, houses
and scenes not in shades.
Shaded- Subject in the open( not under
trees, porch, roof, etc.)
 Stopping Action-shutter speed is best in
three factors:
• How fast is the action?
• How far is the object?
• Which way is it moving?
DIRECTIONS OF MOVING OBJECT:
When a moving object is coming directly towards or directly to your
position, it's image on the film changes more slowly than it's moving at
right angles to you. If the action is moving across the film, it requires
faster shutter speed. If it is moving at an angle of, 45° to camera, it
requires faster shutter speed than if it were coming head-on, but slower
that if it was cutting across the camera view.
1. When the object is traveling parallel to the plane of the film all the
movement is recorded on the film.
2. When it is moving at an angle to the film, less-left to right movement
will be recorded and as a result, less blur.
3. When the object directly moves toward the direction of camera, there
is no left and right movement at all and hence a minimum of blur.
Enter
 Minimum Shutter Speed at Various Angle of
Approach
Condition of the Distance from Head on 45◦ 90◦
object the camera
Slow moving 10 1/100 1/200 1/400
activities 25 1/50 1/100 1/200
Sport and fast 10 1/400 1/800 1/800
bodily movement 25 1/200 1/400
Fast cars and other 25 1/800 1/800 1/800
vehicles 50 1/400
 USING SHUTTER SPEED AND
APERTURE TOGETHER:
As the shutter speed Increase, aperture diameter must
increase. The same amount of light will be admitted by f/22
at one second, by f/15 at half second, by f/11 at a quarter of
a second and so on.
DIAPHRAGM CONTROL - works like pupil of the eye, may be enlarged or contracted. If it is enlarged, it
allows more light to enter, on the contrary, when it is contracted or small, allows lesser light to enter. It is
generally represented by number known as F-stops, numbers found on the ring outside the lens barrel. The
usual f-stops printed are: 1,2, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32, 45, 64, 90.
 The Control of Light Intensity - The camera lenses are equipped with a mechanical
counterpart to the iris and pupil called the Iris Diaphragm. This circle is called APPERTURE
of the lens. This circle, thus acts as the pupil of the camera lens
FILM-SPEED CONTROL - combination of shutter speed and f-number- This control is utilized by manipulating the
ASA dial of the camera. Basically, the shutter and f-numbers are both controlling system of the rays of light that enters,
reaches and affects the film inside the camera. However, their effects in making photographs are different. The
photographer can select any combination of the shutter speed and f-number that will give the right amount of light
needed to normally expose the film. As the shutter speed Increases, the f-numbers decrease. For instance, the same
amount of light will be admitted by f#16 at one second and f#11 at one half of a second.