LESSON 1

Types and Parts of

CAMERA
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, you are able to…

01 02 03 04
Discuss the
Distinguish Recognize the Identify the
Early Forms
the other Main Parts of parts of a
& Main
types of a Camera Camera (SLR
Kinds of
Camera & DSLR)
Camera
EARLY FORMS
OF
Camera
PINHOLE CAMERA
The light from outside the room entered the hole and
projected a luminous beam onto the opposing wall.
CAMERA OBSCURA
A device in a shape of a box or a room that lets the light through
a small opening on one side and projects it on the other. The term
“Camera Obscura” was first used by the German astronomer
Johannes Kepler in 1604.
BOX CAMERA
It is a very simple camera made with two metal parts
combined to form a sealed rectangular box, with a single
element meniscus fixed focus lens on the front and a loading
knob on a side.
MAIN KINDS OF A CAMERA

1. Box Camera
MAIN KINDS OF A CAMERA

2. View Camera
has a very distinctive 2-part
design that is joined in the
middle by a flexible bellows.
MAIN KINDS OF A CAMERA

3. Polaroid Still
The instant camera system is
an almost foolproof method
for certain crime scenes and
clinical situations.
MAIN KINDS OF A CAMERA

4. Reflex Camera
a. Single-Lens Reflex
b. Digital Single Lens Reflex
(DSLR)
c. Twin-Lens Reflex
OTHER TYPES OF
CAMERA
(According to Film/or Uses)
PRESS CAMERA

A press cameras is a larger format give

a very high-quality image with almost
imperceptible grain and rich semitones.
UNDERWATER CAMERA

An underwater camera is basically

a camera that can to capture images
and videos under water.
WIDE VIEW ANGLE CAMERA

Wide angle camera lenses are

valuable for tight spaces and
showing a wider field of view than
possible with a normal lens.
PANORAMIC CAMERA

A panoramic cameras do not move

but have wider viewsheds (180
degrees or more) that constantly
monitor large areas, preventing
operators from missing important
details.
STILL VIDEO CAMERA

A type of electronic camera that

takes still images and stores them
as single frames of video.
Main Parts of
Camera
MAIN PARTS OF A CAMERA

● Camera lens ● Camera Shutter

● Aperture ● Shutter and Shutter speed

● Camera Image Sensor ● Focusing Control

Camera Lens
A lens is a molded,
carefully ground piece that
refracts white rays to
produce images. A lens is a
molded, carefully ground
piece that refracts white
rays to produce images.
 Aperture
Is the opening within the lens that
control how much light hits the
imaging sensor.

It can also be fixed by how

amount of light coming through
lens.
 Camera’s
Image sensor
A solid device that is part of
camera hardware that captures
light and converts what you see
through a viewfinder or LCD
monitor into an Image
Camera Shutter
In photography and
digital photography
applications, the shutter is
the device on the camera
that opens and closes to
control how long the
focal plane is exposed to
light
Shutter and Shutter Speed
This is part of camera which blocks or restricts the light
from entering the film plane and expose the film.
Shutter Speed - Is the duration of time generally
expressed in seconds for during which any type of
shutter remains fully open for exposure. This includes
the opening and closing time which is negligible. Along
with aperture, shutter speed indirectly controls the light
falling on the sensitive material.
 2 Types of
Shutter
Diaphragm or Leaf
Shutter - Devised by Mr.
Friedrich Deckel of
germany in 1912.
This consist of 3 to 5 metal blades
which can open outwards leaving a
clear hole for exposure and covers
again after a components.
 Focal Plane Shutter

- Invented by William
England in 1861. Allows
faster shutter speeds but it
is accurate in timing. As
its name implies, the
between the lens shutter
is built into the camera
lens
 Focusing
Control
Is an Integral part of any camera
operation whether you are using basic
point-and-shoot model, or something that
enables you to fine-tune your focusing,
picking the right mode and getting the
sharpness where you want is the
difference between a poor image and a
stunning one.
Parts of a
Camera
Parts and functions of Single Lens Reflex
1. Accessory Light shoe/hot shoe
It is where the flash bulb is
inserted for indoor
photography .
2. Back Cover Release Knob

A device used in opening

the back cover for film
reloading.
3. Battery Cover

This is where the battery

is stored.
4. Counter/shutter counter

It is the device that stores and

sometimes displays the total
number of pictures you have
taken with it.
5. Data Display
Often a liquid (LCD)
permits the user to view
setting such as film speed,
exposure, and shutter
speed.
6. Diaphragm or Aperture
A small opening in a camera
usually circular in shape and
usually variables in the form iris
diaphragm that regulates the
intensity of light which passes
through the lens.
7. Depth of field scale

It will estimate the the

distance between the
nearest and the farthest
objects in apparent sharp
focus when lens focus at a
given point.
8. Distance Scale
A device that allows
approximate distance from the
optical center of the lens to
the point of focus on the
object.
9. Exposure Counter or Frame Counter.

A device indicating the

number of exposures made.
10. Film Advance Lever
Used to rotate the film
inside the camera in order
to take a new picture
11. Film Holder/Chamber
It holds the film firmly inside
the camera. It is always
located at the opposite side
of the lens.
12. Film Rewind Crank
A device used in film
rewinding.
13. Film Rewind Lock
A device that secures the
film for any accidental
rewinding.
14. Flash Terminal
It is where flash bulb chord is
plugged for synchronization
to the camera.
15. Film Speed Dial
Indicates the speed or
sensitivity of the film you are
using.
16. Flash Shoe
Mounting surface/connection
of the removable flash.
17. Focusing Ring

Adjust the focus in the

image that you see by
turning left it or right.
18. Hot Shoe

The point of the camera

used to attach flash unit. A
flash unit used to produce
a flash or artificial light.
19. ISO/ASA/DIN DIAL

A camera device in which

when adjusted, it will
conform with the
sensitivity of the film to
light.
20. ISO/ASA/FILM SPEED
Film speed is the measure of a film’s
sensitivity to light. Film Speed is
measured on a variety of numerical
scales; the ISO system is one of the
newest. ASA also known as the
American Standard Association
invented a new method to determine
and specify film speeds of black and
white negative films. Both ASA/ISO
describe how quickly the film reacts to
light.
21. LENS

It is a specially shaped
glass which reflects lights
from outside into the back
of camera and creates a
reversed, upside down
image on the film at the
back of camera.
22. LENS LOCK RELEASE LEVER

It is a device to secure
the lens.
23. SELF-TIMER

It is the time setting of

camera, this is
automatically operated to
allow the photographer to
participate in photo-taking.
24. SHUTTER

It is an adjustable
mechanism that regulates
the amount of light
reaching the film by by
varying the length of time
light can pass through the
lens.
25. SHUTTER RELEASE BUTTON

A part of the camera which when

pressed will keep the shutter in
open position. When the button is
pressed, the shutter of the camera
is released. The camera shutter will
open to capture the photograph,
then will close again, following
light to enter the camera.
26. SHUTTER SPEED DIAL

It is a dial that indicates

the speed at which the
shutter is opening and
closing.
27. VIEW/FINDER WINDOW

It is a viewing instrument
attached to a camera, used
to obtain proper
composition.
28. REWIND BUTTON

Press to release your roll

of film before rewinding
the film back into the
canister.
29. REWIND KNOB

A mechanism used to rewind the film

back into the canister. There are two
purpose for this feature. First, once
roll of film is complete, it allows the
photographer to rewind the film back
into film cassette. The second
purpose of a film rewind knob is to
ensure proper loading.
30. TRIPOD SOCKET

Part of the camera you can

screw on to a tripod.
 Parts and
Functions of
DSLR
01
FRONT
F1: Shutter
Button
F2: Red-eye
reduction/self timer
Red-eye reduction
F3: Lens Mount
F4: Lens Mount
Index
F6: Mirror
F7: Microphone
F8: Built-in
Flash
02
VIEWFIN
DER
DISPLAY
AF Point
Indicates the position of the focus during the (auto focus)
shootings.
Shutter Speed
Indicates the time interval during which the shutter is open.
Aperture Value
Indicates the extent to which the aperture blades inside the lens
are open.
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) Speed
Varies constantly when the auto setting is selected.
03
REAR
EYECU
P
The eyecup prevents external
light from entering when your
eye is in contact with the
eyepiece. A soft material is used
to reduce the burden on the eye
and the forehead
VIEWFINDER
EYEPIECE
The viewfinder eyepiece is a
small window on the camera
which you look through in
order to compose your photo and
establish focus on a subject.
LCD MONITOR
In addition to the shooting
settings as shown in the
illustration here, the captured
image as well as text information
such as the menu can also be
displayed on the LCD monitor
MENU
BUTTON
Use this button to
display the menu for
adjusting the
different camera
functions.
PLAYBAC
K BUTTON
This is the button for playing back
images you have captured.
Pressing the button once displays
the last image you captured or
showed on the LCD monitor.
WI-FI LAMP
This lamp indicates the wireless
connection status.
> Lamp on: Wi-fi connection is on
> Blinking lamp: Camera is waiting
for connection/reconnection
> Intermittent rapidly-blinking
lamp: Connection error
> Rapidly blinking lamp: Data is
being sent/received
ACCESS LAMP
The lamp appears blinking when
there is data transmission
between when there is data
transmission between the camera
and the memory card.
SET BUTTON/ MULTI-
CONTROLLER
Multi-controller keys are directional buttons
that allow you to:
• Move between menu items
• Move a magnified display to a
different point during image playback
• Move the AF point during AF point
selection
ISO SPEED SETTING
BUTTON
Press this button to adjust
the sensitivity of the
camera toward light.
QUICK CONTROL
BUTTON
Pressing this button displays the Quick
Control screen (further explained in the
section "Settings on the Quick Control
Screen"), which allows you to confirm
various camera settings at one glance and
adjust them.
DISPLAY BUTTON
By pressing the DISP button, you can:
- Turn the display on/off
- Toggle between different
information displays in
Image/Movie Playback mode and
during Live View shooting
- Display the camera’s major function
settings when the menu is displayed
ERASE BUTTON
Use this button to erase
unwanted images.
FOCUS POINT SELECTION
BUTTON
Use this button to go into AF
point (autofocus) selection mode
during AF shooting. You can
then select any of the AF points
manually using the Multi-
controller keys.
LIVE VIEW SHOOTING/
MOVIE
Use this button to turn on or turn
off the Live View function.
Pressing the button once displays
the Live View image on the LCD
monitor, and the camera is ready
for Live View shooting.
DIOPTRIC ADJUSTMENT
KNOB
Use this knob to adjust the clarity
of the viewfinder image according
to your eyesight. To do so, turn the
knob while looking through the
viewfinder.
04
SETTINGS
ON QUICK
CONTROL
SCREEN
 SETTINGS ON QUICK
04 CONTROL
1. Shooting SCREEN
Mode > Displays
the text or icon corresponding to the
shooting mode you have selected as you
turn the mode Dial.
2. Shutter Speed > Displays
the time interval during which the shutter is
open.
3. Battery Level > Displays remaining
battery level with an icon.
4. Shots Remaining > It indicates the
number of remaining shots that can be
captured.
5. Images- recording Format /quality >
The icon here indicates that the camera is
set to record in a LARGE JPEG format.
6. ISO Speed > A higher ISO speed
makes it easier to capture shots of dimlylit
scene.
7. Aperture Value > This value
indicates the extent to which the aperture
blades inside the lens are open.
05
TOP
Focus mode switch
Use this switch to set the focusing mode
to Automatic (AF) or Manual (MF).
 SPEAKER
Audio sound of a recorded movie can be
played back through the speaker. During
movie playback, returning the Main Dial
allows you to adjust the volume level.
Strap Mount
Pull the end of the strap through the eyelet the
and secure it firmly while ensuring that the two
ends on the strap are welled-balance.
Hot shoe
This is a terminal for attaching external flash
units.
Power Switch
Use this switch to power on or power off the
camera. When the power of the camera is left on
for a prolonged period, it switches automatically
to the standby mode to conserve power.
Mode Dial
Turn this dial to select a shooting mode
according to the scene you want to capture.

A. Creative Zone. The Creative Zone modes

allow users to select and set function
according to their intended purpose.
B. Basic Zone. In the Basic Zone modes, the
camera automatically selects the
appropriate settings according to their
selected scene.
Flash Button
Use this button to pop up the built-in flash.
Main Dial
This is a multi-purpose dial that allows you to
perform tasks such as adjusting the value of
the shooting settings ( usually aperture/shutter
speed/exposure compensation) and jumping
through playback images.
Zoom Ring
Turn the zoom ring to alter the focal
length. The selected focal length can be
identified from the number and index
marks at the lower end of the lens.
Focus Ring
When the camera is in the manual Focus
(MS) mode, turn this ring to adjust the
focus.
06
SIDE
Remote Control Terminal

This is a terminal
for connecting
the camera to an
external device.
 Audio/Video
OUT/Digital terminal

HDMI mini OUT

terminal

These are terminals for TV

output and data transmission,
as well as for HDMI mini
output.
 N-Mark

Touching the N-mark

against an NFC-
compatible smartphone
will initiate pairing
between the camera and
the smartphone.
07
BOTTOM
Card Slot & Battery
Compartment Battery Compartment
Load the supplied battery here. Insert
the battery with the orientation of the
battery terminal aligned with that
inside the camera.

Card Slot
Insert the memory card for recording
images into this slot. The type of card
usable varies with the camera model.
Tripod Socket
This is a socket placed at
bottom of the camera body for
attaching the camera to a
tripod. On most DSLR
cameras, this socket fits the
1/4-20 UNC standard screw
thread size, which is used by
most commonly-available
tripods.
 GROUP 1

THANK YOU
Bañares, Charlie Galupe, Sophia Graciel
Blanco, Jeric Cyrill Humangit, Zyrene Shaine
Endaya, Rovic Dizon Laporre, John Anthony
Galabo, Paulyn Melicio, Dhomel
Serondo, Jairo Mustapha, Fahme
Galas, John David Torreon, Louiel Jay