SHUTTER SPEED

INDUCTION

CONTROLLING THE AMOUNT

OF LIGHT
SHUTTER
Controls the amount of light by the
length of time it remains open
APERTURE
(size of the lens opening)
controls the brightness of light that
reaches the film

Shutter speed is simply a measure of how long the shutter

stays open when you take your picture.
shutter speed is measured in fractions of seconds.
the faster the shutter speed, the less light will hit the film.

SHUTTER

Leaf Shutter
Located inside the lens

SHUTTER
SPEED

SHUTTER SPEED

Slow shutter speed

Fast shutter speed

Stop action

Blurred action

Panned action

Stop action
subject and background are frozen

fast shutter speed

(1/500, 1/1000, 1/2000 second)
peak of action

Blurred action
blurred subject,
frozen background
slow shutter speed
(1/15, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2
second)
brace the camera!

Panned action
frozen subject, streaked background
slow shutter speed
(1/15, 1/30, 1/60 second)
camera moves with the moving subject

Panning
Move the camera with the subject as it
crosses the field of view of your camera,
and you snap the shot as you move the
camera with the subject.

Panning

1/60th second
1/30th second

1/15th second

SLOW SHUTTER SPEED

(1/15, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2 second)
BLURRED ACTION

FAST SHUTTER
SPEED
(1/500, 1/1000, 1/2000 second)
STOP ACTION

SLOW SHUTTER SPEED

(1/15, 1/30, 1/60 second)

PANNED ACTION

Panning

During the exposure,

the camera is moved in
the same direction as
the subject.
Resulting in a
reasonably sharp subject
and a blurred
background

PETA BUIH I THINK

Bina peta buih I THINK
bagi bacaan shutter
speed
-action stop
-blurred action
-panned action

JAWAPAN

JAWAPAN

JAWAPAN

TAMAT

Each f/stop number can be though of

as the bottom part of a fraction

APERTURE

The larger the f/stop number, the

smaller the lens opening
f/11 is a smaller opening

than

f/4

Each full stop aperture

setting allows half or
double the amount of
light as the next one

f/1.4

f/2

f/2.8

f/4

f/5.6

f/8

f/11

f/16

f/22

APERTURE

APERTURE

The area from near to far in a scene that is

acceptably sharp in a photograph

DEPTH OF FIELD
The smaller the aperture size, the more that a
scene will be sharp from near to far (deep
depth of field).
The larger the aperture size, the less that a
scene will be sharp from near to far (shallow
depth of field).
f/22 provides more depth of field than f/4

DEPTH OF FIELD

DEPTH OF FIELD

DEPTH OF FIELD

Smaller aperture (f/22)

Larger aperture (f/4)

deep depth of field

shallow depth of field

DEPTH OF FIELD

Shallow Depth of Field

Deep Depth of Field

SHUTTER and APERTURE

To get a correctly exposed picture, you need a

combination of shutter speed and aperture
Each

shutter speed lets in twice as much light as the

next faster speed
1/60 lets in 2x as much light as 1/125

Each

aperture setting lets in twice as much light as the

next smaller opening (larger-numbered setting)
f/4 lets in 2x as much light as f/5.6

EXPOSURE

EXPOSURE

F stop

f/22

f/16

f/11

f/8

f/5.6

f/4

f/2.8

shutter speed 1/4

1/8

1/15

1/30

1/60

1/125

1/250

EQUIVALENT EXPOSURES

FOCAL LENGTH

FOCAL LENGTH