Lesson 3

Subtraction of
Integers
 Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

● correctly translate a subtraction expression into an
equivalent addition expression;

● correctly find the difference between two integers; and

● correctly simplify series of operations involving

addition and subtraction of integers.
 Essential Questions

• How is subtraction of integers similar in process with

addition of integers?

• How can you represent and solve application problems

involving subtraction of integers?
 Warm Up!

Knowledge of addition of integers will help you know more

on how to subtract integers.

(Click on the link below to watch a related video.)

Physics Catalyst. “Rules of Addition of Integers.” Youtube

(April 2016). Accessed 24 March 2019.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wply6ObmVkk
 Guide Questions

• What are the different ways of adding integers?

• When a negative integer is added to any given integer, will

that given integer increase or decrease?
 Learn about It!

Minuend
1 the first number in a subtraction; it is the number from which another number is
to be subtracted

Example:

In the expression , the minuend is .

 Learn about It!

2 Subtrahend
the second number in a subtraction; it is the number to be subtracted from
another number

Example:

In the expression , the subtrahend is .

 Learn about It!

3 Subtraction of integers
may be classified into two cases: (a) an integer minus a positive integer and (b) an
integer minus a negative integer

Examples:

The expression illustrates the first case: an integer minus a

positive integer.

The expression illustrates the second case: an integer minus

a negative integer.
 Try It!

Example 1: Subtract: .
 Try It!

Example 1: Subtract: .

Solution:

This illustrates the first case—an integer minus a positive

integer.
 
1. Copy the minuend.
 Try It!

Example 1: Subtract: .

Solution:

2. Change the subtraction sign

to addition sign.

3. Then change the sign of the

subtrahend
 Try It!

Example 1: Subtract: .

Solution:

4. Proceed to the rules of addition.

Therefore, .
 Try It!

Example 2: Perform the indicated operations:

.
 Try It!

Example 2: Perform the indicated operations:

.
Solution: Perform the operation of addition and subtraction
from left to right.
 
  Evaluate first by following the steps in subtracting
1.
integers.
 
 Try It!

Example 2: Perform the indicated operations:

.
Solution: Perform the operation of addition and subtraction
from left to right.
 
2.
  Add and .
 

Therefore, .
 Let’s Practice!

Individual Practice:

1. Subtract: .

2. Perform the indicated operations: .

 Let’s Practice!

Group Practice: To be done in groups of five

The average temperature at the North Pole during winter is .

The average temperature on the South Pole during winter is .
How much warmer is the average temperature at the North
Pole than at the South Pole?
Key Points

Minuend
1 the first number in a subtraction; it is the number from which another number is
to be subtracted

2 Subtrahend
the second number in a subtraction; it is the number to be subtracted from
another number

3 Subtraction of integers
may be classified into two cases: (a) an integer minus a positive integer and (b) an
integer minus a negative integer
 Synthesis

● What are the steps in finding the difference of two

integers?

● How can you apply the concept of subtracting integers in

your daily life as a student?

● Is the process of multiplying and dividing integers similar

to how whole numbers are operated?