Chapter 2

Fourier Transform and Spectra

Topics:
 Spectrum by Convolution
 Spectrum of a Switched Sinusoid
 Power Spectral Density
 Autocorrelation

Huseyin Bilgekul & Erhan A. Ince

Eeng360 Communication Systems I
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Eastern Mediterranean University Eeng 360 1
 Spectrum of a triangular pulse by convolution
t t  t
    T 
T  T  T 
CONVOLUTION THEOREM w1 (t )  w2 (t )  W1 ( f )  W2 ( f )

 t 
    T  Sa ( fT ) 
2

T 

 The tails of the triangular pulse decay faster than the rectangular pulse. WHY ??
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 Spectrum of a Switched Sinusoid

t 
w(t )     A sin(ot )
T 
Switched sinusoid waveform

t t 
w(t )     A sin( ot )     A cos( ot  )
T  T  2

1
w(t ) cos( c t   )  e j W ( f  f c )  e j W ( f  fc ) 
2
A
W ( f )  j T  Sa ( T ( f  f o )  Sa ( T ( f  f o ) 
2
We can get a similar result using the convolution property of the Fourier Transform.

w1 (t )  w2 (t )  W1 ( f )  W2 ( f )
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 Spectrum of a Switched Sinusoid

A A
TSa ( T ( f  f o ) TSa( T ( f  f o )
2 2

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 Power Spectral Density (PSD)
 We define the truncated version (Windowed) of the waveform by:

• The average normalized power from the time domain:

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Power Spectral Density

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 Autocorrelation Function

• Wiener-Khintchine Theorem: PSD and the autocorrelation function are

Fourier transform pairs;

• The average power can be obtained by any of the four techniques.

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 PSD of a Sinusoid

A2
Pw ( f )   ( f  f o    ( f  f o )
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 PSD of a Sinusoid
 The average normalized power may be obtained by using:

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