?

The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

• Evaluate the importance of chemical digestion

L3 Challenge
1

L2
• Describe the structure of teeth
• Describe what is meant by both physical and
chemical digestion 2

L1 • Identify the different types of teeth

3
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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Mar 2016 Today’s Aim

 ?
The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Mar 2016 Today’s Aim

 ?
The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Mar 2016 Today’s Aim

 ?
The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Last Lesson Alimentary Canal

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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Alimentary Canal
Exit Ticket

1. What is the name of the tube food goes down from the
mouth?
2. What is the pH of the stomach?
3. What is the pH of the secretions from the gall bladder?
4. Where is chemical digestion carried out?
5. Where does most of the absorption of food occur?
6. Where is water absorbed?
 ?
The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Physical digestion involves breaking

food down into smaller pieces
without making any chemical
changes.

Physical digestion happens in:

• the mouth when food is chewed
• the stomach when food is
squeezed and moved around

Physical digestion is important

because it lets the food pass through
the digestive system more easily,
and it provides a larger surface area
for enzymes to work on
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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..
Chemical digestion involves
chemically breaking large insoluble
molecules into small soluble
molecules.

Chemical digestion happens in:

• the mouth
• the stomach
• The small intestine

Chemical digestion is important

because molecules must be small and
soluble so that they may be absorbed
into the blood at the villi in the small
intestine.
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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..
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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..
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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..
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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..
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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..
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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Digestion in the mouth

Food is both physically and chemically digested in the mouth
The food is physically digested using the teeth.
Starch is chemically digested in the mouth using the enzyme
amylase which is made in the salivary glands and therefore is
found in saliva.

- The pH in the mouth is around neutral (varies from 6.4-7.4)

which is ideal for salivary amylase to work in.

- Saliva also contains mucin – a slimy substance that moistens

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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Digestion in the mouth

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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Physical Digestion in the mouth

Function of Teeth: Mechanical/physical digestion of break food up into smaller pieces of food
to give a larger surface area for enzyme action.
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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Enamel Physical Digestion in the mouth

Is the hardest substance in the body and covers the crown of the tooth. It protects
the tooth and provided a hard biting surface.

Dentine

This is found just under the enamel. Though it is tough it is not as hard or as
resistant to decay. Dentine is sensitive to touch, temperature and acids.

Pulp cavity
Is in the centre of the tooth and contains blood vessels which bring blood and
oxygen to the dentine and the nerve endings.

Cement

Covers the root of the tooth and is similar to bone.

Type of tooth Function

INSCISORS This tooth is for biting or cutting food.

CANINES This tooth is for tearing food eg. meat. They are pointy in shape.

PREMOLAR This tooth is for crushing or grinding food. It has only 2 cusps and a
double root.

MOLAR This tooth is for crushing or grinding food. It has 4 cusps and a
double or triple root.
 Tooth type Shape Function
Lower incisors and
horny pad Thin, straight, Cut plant
Lower canine and sharp material
space
Premolar
Herbivore: eats only plant Sharp ridges Grind plant
material Molar and hollows material
Example: Sheep
Tooth type Shape Function

Short, pointed Pull flesh from

Incisor bones

Long, pointed Pierce and hold

Canine prey
Premolar Sharp edges Slice flesh

Big, sharp Shear flesh from

Carnassial bones
Carnivore: eats only meat
Example: Dog Molar Sharp edges Crush bones
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The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Tooth type Shape Function

Incisor Chisel shaped Bite and cut food

Canine Pointed Grip food

Premolar Blunt points and Crush and grind

hollows food
Molar
Omnivore: eats both meat
and plant material
Example: Human
 ?
The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Physical Digestion in the mouth

 ?
The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Mar 2016 Today’s Aim

 ?
The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Mar 2016 Today’s Aim

 ?
The BIG So, why does bread turn sweet when left in
question
the mouth…..

Mar 2016 Today’s Aim

 ?
The BIG So, how do the nutrients we obtain from
question
our diet enter the blood……

L3
• Evaluate the importance of chemical digestion

Challenge 1

L2
• Describe the structure of teeth
• Describe what is meant by both physical and
chemical digestion 2

L1 • Identify the different types of teeth

3