MODULE 3

GUIDE
QUESTIONS:
In this lesson, you will explore
and find answer to:

1. how is work done?

2. how work and power
related?
 LEARNING
TARGETS:
By the conclusion of this
module, you will be able to:

1. identify situations in which

work is done and in
which no work is
done;
2. describe how work is
related to power .
 
James Watt was a British scientist who
invented the steam engine.

GOAL: To find out how the power of his

engine compared to the work done of a horse.

Watt measured how fast an average horse

could do work. He found the answer and
expressed the amount of the work performed
per second as a horsepower.
One horsepower is the equivalent of 746 W.
The Origins of the Term,
'Horsepower'
◦Knowing that most people who
owned THOMAS Newcomen’s
steam engines used them for tasks
involving pulling, pushing, or lifting
heavy objects, Watt recalled a
passage from an early book in which
the author had calculated the
potential energy output of mechanical
“engines” that could be used to
replace horses for such jobs.
WORK: as the product of FORCE & DISTANCE
◦ Force is expressed in newtons (N) and distance is expressed in
meters (m).
◦ Work is expressed in newton-meters (Nm) or joules (J).

◦W= Fd
◦ Now let us see
which of the situations
Shown is work done or NO work done
WORK: as the product of FORCE & DISTANCE
◦ Force is expressed in newtons (N) and distance is expressed in
meters (m).
◦ Work is expressed in newton-meters (Nm) or joules (J).

◦W= Fd
◦ Now let us see
which of the situations
Shown is work done or NO work done
POWER: the rate of
work done
work is in joules (J) and time is in seconds (s),

power is expressed in joules/second,

or watt (W).
 1

2
3

4 5
6
7
8
POWER: the rate of
work done
work is in joules (J) and time is in seconds (s),

power is expressed in joules/second,

or watt (W).
LET us find WORK done in the problem:

W= 825N x 35m
= 28, 875 J
W= 1855 J

F= 2.6N
 POWER
PROBLEMS

P= W/t
= 2000 J / 25 s
P = 80 W
W= P x t
= 20W x 0.5 s
W = 10 J
3.

P= W/t
= 50 J / 0.5 s
P = 100 W
Gravity=9.8m/s^2 or 10 m/s^2
4
ENERGY
Checking of Understanding…..
(notebook)
 Directions: Read each item carefully and write the CAPITAL letter of your answer in your notebook.
 _____1. The transfer of energy to a body by the application of a force that causes the body to move in the
direction of the force is called ______.
A. Force C. Work
B. Distance D. Power
 
_____2. A boy exerts an average force of 65N when he lifts a box 1.2m. How much work does he do?
A. 70 Joule C. 78 Joule
B. 88 Joule D. 66 Joule
 
______3. It is defined as the rate at which work is done.
A. speed C. energy
B. power D. mechanical advantage
 
______4. How much power is required to do 180 J of work in 2.4s?
A. 432 Watts D. 75 Watts
B. 430 Watts C. 7.5 Watts
 
______5. How much power is required to lift a 30N chair .20m in 2s?
A. 3 Watts C. 2 Watts
B. 4 Watts D. 5 Watts
______6. A boy pushes on a parked car with a force of 200N. The car does not move. How much work does the boy do?
A. 200 N C. 200 Joule
B. 0N D. 10 N
 
______7. What is the unit for work?
A. Joules C. Watt
B. kg.m/s D. Joules per meter
 
_____8. A weightlifter presses a 400N weight 0.5m over his head in 2s. What is the power of the weightlifter?
A. 100 N C. 400 Watts
B. 100 Joules D. 100 Watts
 
_____9. Which of the following processes requires the most work?
A. A person lifts a 10Kg weight 1m off the floor.
B. A person lifts a 100 Kg weight 1m off the floor.
C. A 10Kg weight rests on a table.
D. A person holds a 1Kg weight stationary with outstretched arms.
_____10. A man pushes a crate along a factory floor by exerting a force of 55N. If the crate moves 4m, how much work
does the man perform?
A. 220 N m/s^2 C. 220 Watts
B. 220 Joule D. 220 Newton
 
_____11. What are the units of power?
A. Horse watts power C. Watts/seconds
B. joules meter per second D. watts
 
_____12. In which of the situations is NO work being done?
A. Holding a box overhead C. Carrying a box up a flight of stairs
B. Lifting a box from the ground D. Pushing a box across the floor.
to a table top
 
_____13. The amount of work being done on an object can be increased by
A. increasing the distance that moved the object .
B. increasing the speed covered by the object.
C. decreasing the distance covered by the object.
D. decreasing the speed that moved the object .
_____14. Power output can be increased by

A. decreasing the force exerted on an object.

B. decreasing the work done on the object.
C. decreasing the amount of time in which work is done.
D. increasing the amount of time in which work is done.

_____15. A child lifts a box up from the floor. The child then carries the box to the other side of the room
and puts the box down. How much work does he do on the box while walking across the floor?

A. less than zero J C. more than zero J

B. 1 J D. zero J