BENGKEL PENGAJARAN

UHAK1012
SEKOLAH PENGAJIAN PRASISWAZAH UTM &
FAKULTI PENGURUSAN UTM
15-16 Ogos 2017
 KOMUNIKASI

Kandungan
• CLO
• Pengenalan bidang
• Komunikasi Berkesan
• Kemahiran perucapan dan
pembentangan
• Kemahiran penulisan
• Menghadapi temuduga
         
No Course Learning Outcome PO Taxono Assessment
.   my
   
1. develop communication skills CS4 (0.3) P4 - Oral
Presentation
align with UTM graduate    
- Group Project
attribute through     (Presentation)
communication activities. - Group roject
(Writing skill)
 Apa itu komunikasi?

• Ahli komunikasi membahagikan

komunikasi kepada dua
(i) Communication with (s) –
Communications
(ii) Communication without (s) –
Communication

4
 Bidang komunikasi profesional
• Health communication (perubatan)
• Marketing communication
(periklanan/pemasaran)
• Business communication
(perniagaan/pengurusan)
• Managerial communication (pengurusan)
• Corporate communication/public relation
(organization with stakeholder/public)
• Engineering communication
(communication for engineers)
 Kemahiran komunikasi yang
sering diberi penekanan oleh
organisasi
• Komunikasi interpersonal
• Kemahiran mencerap (listening
skills)
• Kemahiran berhujah
(argumentativeness skills)
• Kemahiran berucap (public
speaking)
• Kemahiran menulis (writing skills)
 Mengapa komunikasi penting?
Beberapa contoh.
• Hidup manusia berkomunikasi
(dengan Tuhan, manusia dan
makhluk lain)
• 70% masa pengurus berkomunikasi
• Setelah 20 tahun seorang jurutera
sepatutnya menjadi “engineer
manager’ 65% masa mereka
berkomunikasi
Traditional Career Model
Sr. Mgt.

Middle
Management

1st Line Management

Staff Engineering

The Career “Pyramid”

8
 Work Contents

• Change of work contents with engineering career

progression

First-line Mid Executive

Supervisor Manager
Technical 70% 25% 5%
Managerial 25% 50% 25%
Visionary 5% 25% 70%

9
 By virtue of being an
engineer, you are a
Technical Communicator.
• Engineering is a people-oriented profession.
• Engineers not only develop technologies; they
help people make use of technology.
• Engineers must communicate with regulators,
funding agencies, suppliers, clients, customers,
the media, and sometimes the general public.
 Study among Northeastern
University alumni (mechanical,
eletrical, computer)
The areas of greatest importance [to
engineers] are
•problem solving,
•accomplishing tasks within the organization, teamwork,
•oral communications,
•professional ethics,
•writing skills, and
•use of personal computer tools.
 Research related to the important
of communication among
engineers
From 16 skills rated by engineers in UK, the top 50% in
descending order were
•Relationship building
•Listening
•Motivating
•Giving feedback
•Negotiating
•Small group leadership
•Persuading
•Routine information exchange
 Komunikasi Berkesan

• Matlamat utama komunikasi (i)

mewujudkan persefahaman dan (ii)
mengurangkan ketidakpastian (to
reduce uncertainty)
 Keberkesan komunikasi boleh
dinilai daripada?
• Boleh difahami
• Pengaruh terhadap sikap
• Tindakan/mencapai tujuan
• Meningkatkan hubungan
• Mengembirakan
 Cara menjadikan komunikasi
berkesan – meningkatkan
kompetensi
• Komponen kompetensi komunikasi
(i) Pengetahuan/kognitif
(ii) Kemahiran/operational
(iii) Motivasi/afektif
(Cuba anda bandingkan dengan KSA
dalam HRD atau Taksonomi Bloom
(kognitif, afektif, psikomotor)
Panduan Rujukan
Komunikasi Antara Manusia
Pengarang: Hashim Fauzy Yaacob
o2001

ISBN 983-52-0262-0
o

356 muka surat

o

RM 40.00
o

Bidang Kemanusiaan
o
Komunikasi Untuk Pembangunan Sumber
Manusia
Pengarang: Hashim Fauzy Yaacob
o2011

ISBNBuku
o 978-983-52-0773-0
231 muka surat
o

RM 40.00
o

Bidang Kemanusiaan
o
 Perucapan awam/komunikasi
publik/kemahiran
pembentangan
• Jenis perucapan
1)Ucapan spontan/
impromptou/ekstempronius
(Extemporaneous speaking)
2) Ucapan bermaklumat
3)Ucapan pemujukan
 Kemahiran Perucapan

• Kandungan utama

1. Persediaan ucapan
2. Penyampaian
 (1)PERSEDIAAN UCAPAN

• Penyediaan bahan ucapan

• Analisis khalayak
• Membuat rangka ucapan dan
susunan ucapan/pembentangan
 (2)PENYAMPAIAN

• Gaya bahasa
• Gaya suara
• Gaya bukan lisan
• Mengawal psikologi dan emosi
• Menjaga kredibiliti dan etika
 Komunikasi Melalui
Tulisan/kemahiran menulis
• Mendidik
• Maklumat
• Memujuk
• Menghibur
 Model Penulisan

1. Identify your task

and
2. PROCESS 3. OUTCOMES
responsibility
• Writing as
• Objective •Books, brochure,
•Identify audience report,
organizational
•Genre selection manual,
needs
•Writing
and managers
responsibility
 Writing for work
Memo Budget proposal
Correspondent letter Research report
Form Progress report
Flow chart Manual
Work schedule Training manual
Brochure Training material
Questionnaire Needs
Policy and procedure analysis
Budget report Order
Appraisals
 2.3 PROCESS – Genre Selection
Genre is a category that have style, form and content of work
such as:
Correspondent: Memo and letter
Action plan: Policy and procedure – step by step, explained
specific action directly, have an order,.
Proposal: have guideline for problem solving, clear topics for
main ideas and have a suggestion , recommendation or
solution
Report: report about job, annual report – have a clear title/
sub, chapter, chart, picture, visual and always complete
Internal research and article: have a title and sub title, have
a proffessional direction
Bulletin: have information, diverse title, short paragraph,
column that easy to see by audience.
Promotion and marketing: Announcement, brochure –
attractive, colourful, try to make audience remember the
information
 2.4 PROCESS - Writing
Draf penulisan
1. Visualize
2. Elak jargon
3. Perkataan dan ayat aktif
4. Paragraf yang pendek – Gunning Fox
Index

Index = 0.4 (A+L)

A= Purata panjang ayat diakhiri biasanya dengan titik, tanda seruan dan
tandatanya.
L= Bilangan perkataan yang panjang bagi setiap 100 perkataan dalam
teks (kebiasaannya yang mempunyai lebih 3 suku kata)
 Draf penulisan

5. Elak ayat tak lengkap

6. Idea yang konkrit dan elak abstraksi
7. Ayat yang mudah
8. Ikut format
9. Dapatkan maklumbalas orang lain
10. Edit – ASINGKAN PENYUNTINGAN
DARIPADA PENULISAN
 Kemahiran Dalam Temuduga

• Apakah temuduga? “Is a relatively

formal conversation held to
accomplish specific purposes by
asking and answering questions”
 Ingatan !!!!
• Temuduga “BERSEMUKA (face to face
interview) ialah KOMUNIKASI SECARA
BERSEMUKA (ada juga interview melalui
telefon)
• Komunikasi bersemuka memerlukan
kemahiran berbicara dan komunikasi bukan
lisan (non verbal) (for non verbal
communication Hashim Fauzy, Komunikasi
Antara Manusia, Penerbit UTM, Chapter
3.3 )
 Types of interviews

• Counseling interview
• Employment interview
• Exit interview
• Grievance interview
• Group interview
• Informational interview
• Interrogation interview
• Performance review
• Persuasive interview
 Aturan temuduga-Asas

• Fasa pembukaan (Opening Phase)

1. Rapport
2. Orientasi
3. Motivasi
• Fasa soal-jawab
• Fasa penutup
 EMPLOYMENT INTERVIEW –
Interviewee (Hamilton & Parker)
• Investigate the employment market
• Plan Initial communication with the
employment interviewer carefully
• Have positive attitude
• Dress and communicate for the
occasion
Item Percentage of
executives that
noticed the
item (%)
Needed a hair cut 100
Soiled shirt cuffs and collar 97
Frayed cuffs and collar 88
Needed a shave 83
Tie badly knotted 79
Scuffed shoes 79
Shirt collar badly fitted 76
Slacks needed pressing 76
Poor-fitting suits 59
Wrong suit style or color 46
Slack too short 41
• Be prepared for any type of interviewer
• Be prepared for a possible group interview
• Carefully plan answer to probable questions
• Exercise your responsibility during the interview
• Be prepared with questions to ask the
interviewer
• Be prepared to follow up the interview if
necessary
 Reference

• Cheryl Hamilton & With Cordell

Parker (1990) Communicating for
Results: A Guide for Business and
the Professions (3rd). Belmont,
Carlifornia: Wadsworth.