Basic Set Operations

Objectives:
1. Union of Sets
2. Intersection of Sets
3. Difference of Sets
4. Complement of a Set
Union of Sets

- Merging together of
two or more sets
U denotes the union of set
Example:
A U B is read as “A union B”
Can you read...

BUC
Can you read...

XUY
Can you read...

LUM
Example 1
Show the union of J and K
Let J= {a,b,c}
Let K= {d,e,f,g}
Show the union of J and K
Let J= {a,b,c}
Let K= {d,e,f,g}

J U K = {a,b,c,d,e,f,g}
Show the union of M and P
Let M= {m,a,r,y}
Let P= {p,a,u,l}
Show the union of M and P
Let M= {m,a,r,y}
Let P= {p,a,u,l}
M U P = {m,r,y,p,a,u,l}
Show the union of C and E
Let C be the counting numbers
from 1 – 10
Let E be an empty set
Show the union of C and E
Let C be the counting numbers from 1 – 10
Let E be an empty set

C U E ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
Show the union of V and D
Let V be the set of even numbers
from 2-20

Let D be the set of odd numbers

from 1 to 19
Show the union of V and D
Let V be the set of even numbers from 2-20
Let D be the set of odd numbers from 1 to 19

V U D={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20}

OR

V U D={1,2,3,…20}
Show A U B U C if;
A = {1, 2, 5}
B = {1,3,4,6}
C = {5,6,7}
Show A U B U C if;
A = {1, 2, 5}
B = {1,3,4,6}
C = {5,6,7}
A U B U C = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7}
Intersection of Sets
Intersection of Sets
-Denoted by the symbol ∩
-A ∩ B is the set of all
elements that belong to both A
and B
Show G ∩ H
Let G = {a,b,c}
Let H = {c,d,e}
G ∩ H = {c}
Show S ∩ T
Let S = {m,a,t,h}
Let T = {c,l,u,b}
S∩T={}
or
S∩T=Ø
Show E ∩ F
Let E = {3,6,9…}
Let F = {5,10,15}
E ∩ F = {15}
Show V ∩ W
Let V be the set of even
numbers and W be the set
of odd numbers.
V∩W=Ø
Show A U B ∩ C
A= {apple, mango, watermelon}
B = {kiwi, papaya, banana}
C = {mango,watermelon,jackfruit}
 Show A U B ∩ C
A= {apple, mango, watermelon}
B = {kiwi, papaya, banana}
C = {mango, watermelon,jackfruit}
First, find AUB - - - >
AUB = {apple,mango,watermelon,kiwi,papaya,banana}
Then, find A U B ∩ C ---- >
A U B ∩ C = {mango, watermelon}
Show A U(B ∩ C)
A= {apple, mango, watermelon}
B = {kiwi, papaya, banana}
C = {mango, watermelon,jackfruit}
Use PEMDAS/GEMDAS!!
Show A U(B ∩ C)
A= {apple, mango, watermelon}
B = {kiwi, papaya, banana}
C = {mango, watermelon,jackfruit}

1. First, find (B ∩ C)
2. (B ∩ C) = Ø
3. Then, find A U(B ∩ C)
A U(B ∩ C) = {apple,mango, watermelon}
Is A ∩ B the same
as B ∩ A?
YES!
Difference of Two Sets
Difference of Two Sets
-Denoted by the minus sign.
A – B is read as A minus B
A – B consists all the elements in A
that are not in B.
Find P – Q
Let P = {a,b,c,d,}
Let Q = {c,d,e,f}
P – Q = {a,b}
Find T – S
Let S = {m,a,t,h}
Let T = {c,l,u,b}
T – S = {c,l,u,b}
Find E – F
Let E = {1,2,3…10}
Let F = {2,4,6…10}
E – F = {1,3,5,7,9}
Find F – E
Let E = {1,2,3…10}
Let F = {2,4,6…10}
F–E=Ø
Find C U D – E
C = {10,20,30...50}
D = {30,45,50}
E = { 25,30,35,40}
Find C U D – E
C = {10,20,30...50}
D = {30,45,50}
E = { 25,30,35,40}
1.First, find CUD
2.CUD={10,20,30,40,50,45}
3.Then, C U D – E
C U D – E = {10,20,50,45}
Find C U (D – E)
C = {10,20,30...50}
D = {30,45,50}
E = { 25,30,35,40}
Find C U (D – E)
C = {10,20,30...50}
D = {30,45,50}
E = { 25,30,35,40}
1. First, find D-E  D-E={45,50}
2. Then, C U (D – E)
C U (D – E)={10,20,30,40,45,50}
Complement of a Set
Complement of a set

-Denoted by apostrophe ‘
-It is the difference of U and A
Show P’
Let U = {1,2,3…15}
Let P = {1,2,3}
P’ = {4,5,6…15}
Show Q’
Let U = {1,2,3…15}
Let Q = {2,4,6…14}
Q’ = {1,3,5…13,15}
Show R’
Let U = {1,2,3…15}
Let R = {1,2,3…11}
R’ = {11,12,13,14,15}
Given the following sets:
U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
A = {4,6,8}
B={6,7,8,9}
C={1,2,3,4}
Find:
A’ ∩ B’
Given the following sets:
U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
A = {4,6,8}
B={6,7,8,9}
C={1,2,3,4}
Find:
A’ ∩ B’
Step 1: A’ = {1,2,3,5,7,9,10}
Step 2: B’ = {1,2,3,4,5,10}
Step 3: A’ ∩ B’ = {1,2,3,5,10}
Given the following sets:
U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
A = {4,6,8}
B={6,7,8,9}
C={1,2,3,4}
Find:
(B∩C)’
(B∩C)’
Step1 : B∩C = Ø
Step2:
(B∩C)’ ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
Given the following sets:
U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
A = {4,6,8}
B={6,7,8,9}
C={1,2,3,4}
Find:
C-(A∩B)
Find:
C-(A∩B)

Step 1: (A∩B) = {6,8}

Step2 : C-(A∩B) = {1,2,3,4}
SEATWORK 1

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