THERMODYNAMICS SYSTEMS &

CYCLES
Presented By

Engr. Dr. Ifeanyichukwu U. Onyenanu

Engineering Thermodynamics (MCE 719)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University (COOU)
Anambra State, Nigeria.
Outline of Presentation
Thermodynamic Systems Thermodynamics Cycles
• Definition • Introduction
• Relation between Carnot and Ideal
• Types & their examples
Cycle
• Open system • Carnot Cycle
• Closed system • Stirling Cycle
• Isolated system • Diesel Cycle
• Rankine Cycle
• Reheat Cycle
• Q/A session
 • A definite quantity of matter on which
we focus our attention for its
thermodynamic analysis i.e., to
study the change in properties due
to exchange of energy in the form of
Thermodynamics heat and work is called
System thermodynamic system.
• The system may be a quantity of
steam, a mixture of gas and vapour
or a piston cylinder assembly of an
internal combustion engine.
Basic Definitions
• System:- Anything which are kept
in consideration is called System.
• Surrounding:- Everything external
to the system is known as
Surrounding.
• Boundary:-The thermodynamic
system and surroundings are
separated by an envelope called
Boundary of a system.
• Universe:-Thermodynamic
system + surrounding = Universe
Classification of
Thermodynamic
systems
• Open system:- In open
system, the mass as
well as energy transfer
may take place
between system and its
surroundings.
• Most of Engineering
devices are open
system.
Example of Open
System:-
• Internal combustion engines
• Air compressor Air Compressors

• Water pump
• Steam engine
• Boiler
• Turbine

Water Pump
• Closed System: In closed
system, the mass within the
boundary of the system
remains constant and only
the energy transfer may
take place between the
system and its
surroundings.
Example of Closed System:-
• Pressure cooker
• A rubber balloon filled with air
and tightly closed
• The gas confined between a
piston and cylinder
Rubber Baloon

Pressure Cooker
• Isolated system:-
In an isolated
system, neither
mass nor energy
transfer takes
place between the
system and its
surroundings.