ANDHRA LOYOLA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

AND
TECHNOLOGY

Signal and Telecommunication

Under the guidance of
Mr.M.Rama Krishna,M.Tech Submitted by
Asst. Professor,HOD Challa swetha reddy
Department of ECE 20HP1A0422
CONTENTS:
*Introduction.
* Route Relay Interlocking.
*Central Power Substation.
*Optical Fibre Communication.
*Diesel Loco Shed.
*wireless Communication.
*Conclusion.
:Route Relay Interlocking
•1. By pressing signal and route button, route will set, point will be
operated to required position, point will be locked, route will be locked
and signal will clear.
•2. After the passage of train, route will be unlocked, point will be
unlocked and then point can be operated to other position.
•3. Conflicting signal movements can not be initiated before the
completion of previous signaled move.
•4. Points can be operated independently and in case the point is not
operating after the route is set.
• 5. After the clearance of a signal, SM can cancel the signal route including
overlap with time lag.
6. Overlap also can be cancelled by SM if required with time lag.
• 7. Route can be cancelled by SM with the co-operation of S&T staff.
 Central Power Substation
• Stations are classified based on the functions they are
required to perform. Under this category, stations are
classified as halt stations, flag stations, crossing stations
or wayside stations, junction stations, and terminal
stations.
• A traction power station is a power station that produces
only traction current, that is, electric current used for
railways, trams, trolleybuses or other conveyances.

• Worldwide, AC voltages range from 100 to 240 V. The

rate of direction change is typically 50 to 60 times per
second and is designated as Hertz (Hz).
 Optical
•TELECOMMUNICATION
Fibre Communication
•Providing basic telecommunications facilities for the Railways vast transport system is
the responsibility of the Signal & Telecom Department. The telecommunication
facilities provided on the Railways are broadly categorized in to three areas of
applications.
•-Train Operation
•-Data Communication for Railway Information Technology Applications
•-Administrative Communications.
•*Specifications Of Optical Fiber Cable Used In Indian Railways In Indian Railways, 24
Fibre armoured Optical Fiber Cable.
•In reflectometry based technology, the fiber optic can be utilized for the purpose of
both sensing and signal transmission. A single fiber can be employed to measure the
physical changes such as temperature and strain at every point along its length.
.Specifications Of Optical Fiber Cable Used In Indian Railways In Indian Railways, 24 Fibre
armoured Optical Fiber Cable.
 Diesel Loco Shed
Engine is a device which converts the chemical energy into mechanical energy
Types of engines based on fuel used
-Petrol engine .
-Diesel engine .
There are two types of engine in:
-Two stroke engine.
- Four stroke engine.
•These sheds have the infrastructure to carry out routine maintenance,
repairs and overall upkeep of the locos.
 Wireless Communication
•Indian Railways has decided to adopt and
deploy LTE across IR as next generation
wireless communication technology.
•Most train wifi ultimately depends on the
broader mobile communications network.
The train's antennae pick up the signal –
usually 3G or 4G – from regular masts or
base stations near the tracks and
connects passengers via routers in
carriages.
 CONCLUSION
By this summer industrial training in south central railways we have come to know about the
functioning of railways in Vijayawada. We have observed and learned many aspects in safety measures ,
signal & communication system ,maintenance and service system of coaches and trains, loco pilot training
and functions ,train functioning and tracking systems, electrical traction system , sub stations of railways in
Vijayawada division. By observing and analyzing these systems, they are very helpful for us in developing
new technological systems & upgrading the technological equipments with present equipment for better
functioning of railways & better service to people.

 
THANK YOU