SISKA WULAN DARI

2016060594

CHILDHOOD BULLYING IN HELLO,

UNIVERSE BY ERIN ENTRADA KELLY

UNIVERSITAS PAMULANG | 2023

 Table of Content

• Introduction
• Review of Literature
• Research Methodology
• Finding and Analysis
• Conclusion and Suggestion
 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Bullying has become one of the most serious issues that

many children face.

Intro Besides, childhood bullying can have a negative impact on

self-esteem, personal confidence, and possibly social
duction connection.
 Introduction

BACKGROUND OF
STUDY the target or the victims will be teased
about their...

Hair clothes skin color physical appearance

 Introduction

BACKGROUND OF
STUDY
Moreover, Rigby (2002) defined bullying
into several categories consisting of...

• verbal bullying
• physical bullying
• gesture bullying
• racial bullying.
 Introduction

BACKGROUND OF
STUDY

Bullying case Bullying case

A 12-year-old boy sets off a gun accidentally

after he brought it to school in a backpack and
showed it to a classmate, according to
investigators. He has even been told to kill
himself by other students
 Introduction
Statements of the Problem
• How does children's bullying
represent in Hello, Universe?
• How does the main character
overcome bullying in Hello,
Universe?
Scope and Limitation
The scope of this study is literature in the
literary analysis field. The limitation of the
study is the representation of bullying in
children’s novels through the analysis of the
narrative and dialogues excerpted from
“Hello, Universe” by Erin Entrada Kelly.
This study is aimed to determine the
portrayal of childhood bullying and how the
characters overcome the issue of bullying in
the novel.
Introduction

Objectives of the Study

• To determine the representation of bullying in Hello, Universe.

• To analyze how the characters overcome bullying in Hello, Universe.

Functions of the Study

• To give an elaborate explanation and analysis of the representation of childhood

bullying in children’s novel
• To raise awareness of how children’s novel can be used as a media to prevent
childhood bullying.
 Review of Literature

Related Studies

Tri Utami (2018) Azhar (2020) Yandri (2022)

Bullying in The Ugly Duckling
Illustrated Story
theory of
bullying by Rigby
The effect of verbal bullying on the
main character is low selfconfidence.
Bullying and Harassment Experienced by
Christopher Boone as A Victim in Haddon’s The
Curious Incident of the Dog in The Night-Time
Theory Holman (1985)
The forms of verbal bullying and verbal
harassment
with strangers as the perpetrators
targeting Christopher Boone
Bullying behavior in orphanage children judging
from the psychoanalysis therapy approach
Theory Corey (2017)
The result of the study shows bullying
happens as of insufficient self defense skills,
a personality structure, occurrence of reality
anxiety and neurotic anxiety in victims of
bullying.
 Review of Literature

Psychoanalysis

• Freud believes that the Id, Ego, and Superego are in constant conflict and that adult personality
and behavior are rooted in the results of these internal struggles throughout childhood.

• This idea holds that personality develops when conflicts between psychological components
arise in children or at a young age.

Bullying

• There are several types of bullying consisting of verbal bullying, physical bullying, gesture
bullying, and racial bullying (Rigby, 2002)

• that bullying can be caused by a lack of power, expertise, and uninformedness.

 Review of Literature

Childhood Bullying

• Rigby (2002) explained bullying starts when a child is perceived as weak and vulnerable
to attack from others. Children tend to be introverted, physically weaker than others,
anxious, isolated, and/or the targets of group prejudice.

• The issue of childhood bullying is considered an important matter as it needs more

attention to work on especially in children in the school environment where bullying
mostly occurred.
 Rates of Incidence
according to
National Bullying Prevention Center 2020
Review of Literature

Theoretical Framework

Apply the concept of bullying by Ken Rigby in

his book “New Perspectives on Bullying” 2002.
As the portrayals of childhood bullying is the
most dominant aspect inside the novel Hello,
Universe 2017 by Erin Entrada
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Approach of the Study Data Source

• The novel entitled “Hello, Universe”
(2017) by Erin Entrada Kelly for child
qualitative descriptive method to gather readers between the age of 9 to 14 years
and present the data analysis. old.
• The data are categorized based on the
types of bullying and the method of
facing bullying portrayed by the
characters in the novel.
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Data Collection Data Analysis

• Read the novel • analyzed through the types of

• Identify the issue bullying
• Find the suitable expert’s theory • Mark the narrative and dialogues
that related to the issue
DATA FINDING AND ANALYSIS

The Representation of Children Bullying in Hello,

Universe

The characters that reflect bullying is Virgil

who were bullied by Chet Bullens
The types of bullying he experienced
consisted of verbal bullying, physical
bullying.
DATA FINDING AND ANALYSIS

Verbal Bullying

“Hey, Retard!” It came from behind Rigby (2002, p.39) verbal bullying is divided into various kinds including
him, a fairly good distance. But that ridiculing the target of bullying through verbal behavior.
didn’t mean anything. The Bull knew
how to close distances faster than a
speeding bullet (Kelly, 2017, p. 19).

“Hey, Dumbo,” he said. “Is that you?

Sneaking off to the bookstore?” Chet laughed
like this was the funniest thing he’d said all
day. He often thought he would make a good
comedian, what with all his funny jokes.
(Kelly, 2017, p. 65)
Rigby (2002) explained that “Low severity would commonly involve
thoughtless periodic teasing, name-calling, and occasional exclusion. This can
be annoying and unpleasant and can escalate and then involve more serious
forms of
bullying. Most bullying is at this level” (pp. 41-42)
DATA FINDING AND ANALYSIS

Physical Bullying

Rigby (2002) explained that

He heard quick movement behind
him. Sneakers on concrete. Would the
Bull push him down from behind?
Bounce the basketball off his head? At
school, he usually just shoves him
into the wall (Kelly, 2017, p. 19).
“An intermediate level of bullying occurs when a child is
subjected for a time to forms of harassment which are both
systematic and hurtful. These may include cruel teasing,
continual exclusion, and some threats or some relatively
mild physical abuse, e.g. pushing or tripping” (p. 42).
DATA FINDING AND ANALYSIS

Overcoming Children Bullying in Hello, Universe

Rigby (2002, p. 245) explained that one of the actions that are considered
to be practiced to stop the victim from being bullied is to prepare them in bringing
themselves more confident such as looking straight into the bully’s eyes, putting on
a stern face, and speaking calmly
 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

Conclusion Suggestions

Bullying has an important role in The next researcher used another

shaping someone’s personality. The theory to find out the different aspects
character that reflects bullying itself is because the novel has many interesting
Virgil he is experiencing verbal and events to analyze
physical bullying.t the acts of bullying
he has received make him gain a new
perspective as in to overcome his fear
of his bully. y. Virgil learned to claim
back his self-esteem and courage to
face his bully by himself.
 SISKA WULAN DARI

Thank You

CHILDHOOD BULLYING IN HELLO, UNIVERSE BY ERIN ENTRADA