Cause and Effect

GRADE
XI

2023
LET’S DO A QUIZ
1.
2.
FIND the social function, generic
structure, and language features of FIND some specific
written dialogue of asking and information in that written
giving information about cause dialogue.
and effect.

3.
COMPLETE the dialogue
with the expressions of
cause or effect based on the
context given.
4.
CREATE a dialogue of
asking and giving
information about cause
and effect based on the topic
given.
TASK 1
Listen to Bayu and Rahayu discuss “Why the body reacts to heat”, then complete the blank spaces.

Bayu : Good morning, Rahayu. How are you doing?

Rahayu : Hello, Bayu, I’m fine. By the way, can you help me?
Bayu : Sure, what can I do for you?
Rahayu : I’m looking some information about heatstroke.
Bayu : Well, if I’m not mistaken, it’s a sudden and uncontrolled rise in body
temperature.
Rahayu : How does that happen?
Bayu : It happens when the human body is exposed to extreme heat. That’s why
athletes and people who have to work outdoors are susceptible to heatstroke.
(1) _____________________. Do you need more information?
Rahayu : I want to know more about the process of heatstroke. How does it occur?
Bayu : I’m not very sure. Why don’t we go to the school library and find out more?
Rahayu : But we might not get a seat in the library (2) _____________________.
Bayu : Okay, then. Let’s browse on the internet on our phones.
Rahayu : May we use yours? I can’t browse the internet (3) _____________________.
TASK 1

Listen to Bayu and Rahayu discuss “Why

the body reacts to heat”, then complete the
blank spaces.

Bayu : Good morning, Rahayu. How are you doing?

Rahayu : Hello, Bayu, I’m fine. By the way, can you help me?
Bayu : Sure, what can I do for you?
Rahayu : I’m looking some information about heatstroke.
Bayu : Well, if I’m not mistaken, it’s a sudden and uncontrolled rise in body
temperature.
Rahayu : How does that happen?
Bayu : It happens when the human body is exposed to extreme heat. That’s why
athletes and people who have to work outdoors are susceptible to heatstroke.
(1) _____________________. Do you need more information?
Rahayu : I want to know more about the process of heatstroke. How does it occur?
Bayu : I’m not very sure. Why don’t we go to the school library and find out more?
Rahayu : But we might not get a seat in the library (2) _____________________.
Bayu : Okay, then. Let’s browse on the internet on our phones.
Rahayu : May we use yours? I can’t browse the internet (3) _____________________.
 Bayu : Good morning, Rahayu. How are you doing?

Rahayu : Hello, Bayu, I’m fine. By the way, can you help me?

A Bayu

Rahayu
:

:
Sure, what can I do for you?

I’m looking some information about heatstroke.

N Bayu : Well, if I’m not mistaken, it’s a sudden and uncontrolled rise in body
temperature.

S
Rahayu : How does that happen?

Bayu : It happens when the human body is exposed to extreme heat. That’s why
athletes and people who have to work outdoors are susceptible to

W
heatstroke. (1) So, heatstroke is caused by extreme heat. Do you need
more information?

Rahayu : I want to know more about the process of heatstroke. How does it occur?

E Bayu

Rahayu
:

:
I’m not very sure. Why don’t we go to the school library and find out more?

But we might not get a seat in the library (2) because it is very crowded

R Bayu :
these days.

Okay, then. Let’s browse on the internet on our phones.

Rahayu : May we use yours? I can’t browse the internet (3) because I haven’t
bought a mobile data package.
B. Fill in the blanks and complete the table based on the sentences/ phrases/ words
given in this link

Material : Transactional text to ask and give information about cause -and-
effect relationship

1. SOCIAL FUNCTIONS
3. Language
Tra nsa ct iona l t ext t o a sk and give inform at ion a bout cau se - an d- effect relat ionship
h as som e funct ion s t o:
features?????
 Ask in form at ion : t o ask or ch eck inform at ion about cause - a nd-effect relat ionship
 Give in form at ion: t o an sw er or give in form at ion about ca use - a nd- effect
re lat ionship

2. GENERIC STRUCTURE
 St art ing t he in t eract ion
 Respondin g
: st art ing t h e conversat ion, st at ing or a skin g
inform at ion a bout cau se - an d- effect relat ionsh ip
: an sw erin g, dou bt ing, a gree ing, qu est ioning w h ich is
proven by som e argu m en t s
 Song Lyrics  
Song 1
Song 4
Lifted me up when I couldn't reach
________________________, I never stray too far from the
You gave me faith ___________________________ sidewalk
I'm everything I am __________________________
________________________, I learned to play on the safe side
 Song 2 so I don't get hurt
________________________, I can face tomorrow, ________________________, I find it hard to trust not only
________________________, all fear is gone, me, but everyone around me
________________________, He holds the future, ________________________, I am afraid
And life is worth the living, just _______________,  
 Song 3
Song 5
What doesn't kill you makes you stronger
________________________, my life has changed
Stand a little taller
Thank you for the love and joy you bring
Doesn't mean I'm lonely when I'm alone
________________________, I feel no shame
What doesn't kill you makes a fighter
I'll tell the world it's ________________________,
Footsteps even lighter
Doesn't mean I'm over _______________________,  
 
 Song Lyrics
Song 1
 Song 4

Lifted me up when I couldn't reach Because of you, I never stray too far from the sidewalk

You gave me faith 'cause you believed Because of you, I learned to play on the safe side so I
don't get hurt
I'm everything I am because you loved me
Because of you, I find it hard to trust not only me, but
Song 2
everyone around me
Because He lives, I can face tomorrow,
Because of you, I am afraid
Because He lives, all fear is gone,
 
Because I know He holds the future,
Song 5
And life is worth the living, just because He lives!
Because of you, my life has changed
Song 3
Thank you for the love and joy you bring
What doesn't kill you makes you stronger
Because of you, I feel no shame
Stand a little taller
I'll tell the world it's because of you
Doesn't mean I'm lonely when I'm alone
What doesn't kill you makes a fighter
Footsteps even lighter
Doesn't mean I'm over 'cause you're gone
 p ro ve n b y so m e a rgu m e n t s

B. Fill in the blanks and complete the table based on the sentences/ phrases/ words 3 . LANGUAGE FEATURES
given in this link  Us in g co n ju n ct io n s t o s t a t e cau se - a n d- e ffe ct re la t io n s h ip , su ch a s b e ca u s e o f ...,
d u e t o ..., t h a n ks t o , b e ca u s e , a s , t h e re fore , t h u s ...e t c.
 Th e se n t e n ce st ru ct u re o f ca u s e - a n d - e ffe ct re la t io n s h ip is a s t h e fo llo w in g:
Material : Transactional text to ask and give information about cause -and-
effect relationship Co n ju n ct io n s w h e n w e t a lk a b o u t Co n ju n ct io n s w h e n w e t a lk a b o u t
Caus e Effe ct
(Fo llo w e d b y S + V)
1. SOCIAL FUNCTIONS Fo llo w e d b y Fo llo w e d b y
Transactional text to ask and give inform ation about cause -and-effect relationship No u n / No u n Ph ra se / Ge ru n d S+V
1 . Be ca u se o f Be ca u se So S+V
has som e funct ions to: 2 . As a re su lt o f As ….. . He n ce , …
 Ask inform at ion: t o ask or check inform at ion about cause -and-effect relat ionship 3 . Du e t o Sin ce ….. . Th u s, …
4 . Th a n ks t o Fo r ….. . Th e re fo re , …
 Give information: t o answ er or give inform ation about cause -and-effect
5 . Ow in g t o ….. . Co n se q u e n t ly, …
relationship ….. . As a re su lt , …
….. . Fo r t h is re a so n , …
2. GENERIC STRUCTURE in o rd e r t o + Ve rb 1
Exa m p le s :
 Start ing the int eract ion : starting the conversat ion, st ating or asking
inform at ion about cause-and-effect relationship 1 . He r h a ir st a rt e d fa llin g o u t as a re s ult o f ra d ia t io n t re a t m e n t .
2 . Be cause a rch a e o lo gist s w a n t e d t o le a rn a b o u t d iffe re n t civiliza t io n s e xis t in g, t h e y
 Responding : answ ering, doubting, agreeing, quest ioning w hich is st u d ie d a rt ifa ct s .
proven by som e argum ent s 3 . Th e m ilk s p ille d a ll o ve r t h e flo o r. The re fo re , J e s s ie go t a m o p a n d cle a n e d it u p .

3. LANGUAGE FEATURES
1. Her hair started falling out as a result of radiation treatment.
 Her hair started falling out because/ as/ since/ for she was having such radiation treatment.
 She was having such radiation treatment. Therefore/ Thus/ Hence/ Consequently/ As a result/ For this reason, her hair started falling out.

2. Because archaeologists wanted to learn about different civilizations existing, they studied artifacts.
 Due to/ because of/ owing to/ as a result of/ thanks to the archaeologists’ curiosity to learn about different civilizations existing, they studied artifacts.
 Archaeologists wanted to learn about different civilizations existing. Therefore/ Thus/ Hence/ Consequently/ As a result/ For this reason, they studied
artifacts.

3. The milk spilled all over the floor. Therefore, Jessie got a mop and cleaned it up.
 Because/ As/ Since/ For the milk spilled all over the floor, Jessie got a mop and cleaned it up.
 Due to/ because of/ owing to/ as a result of the milk spilling all over the floor, Jessie got a mop and cleaned it up.
 Ms ve was in 11 mipa 2 while ms. Mei was teaching last two weeks because she supervised her
 Ms ve was in 11 mipa 2 while ms. Mei was teaching last two wee
 =o
 oooks because of supervising her.
 Ms ve was in 11 mipa 2 while ms. Mei was teaching last two weeks because she was supervised her
 Ms ve was in 11 mipa 2 while ms. Mei was teaching last two weeks because of the supervion
 Ms ve was in 11 mipa 2 while ms. Mei was teaching last two weeks because of ms.mei being supervised
 COMBINE THE SENTENCES
A.Precious metals are considered very profitable.
B.They are resistant to inflation, have high liquidity, and have universal
value.
• Precious metals are considered very profitable owing to being resistant
to inflation, having high liquidity, and having universal value.
• Precious metals are considered very profitable owing to their resistance
to inflation, high liquidity, and universal value.
• Precious metals are considered very profitable owing to their resistance
to inflation, having high liquidity, and having universal value.
 READING QUIZ

1
 READING QUIZ

2
 READING QUIZ

3
 READING QUIZ

4
 READING QUIZ

5
List the two expressions of cause-and-effect relationship from the text.
TASK 3

Complete the dialogue with the at least 2 expressions of cause or effect based on the context
given in the dialogue. This conversation between two friends is about the effects of exercise
on your body.

Celine : Hi Neil, why are you wearing your sports wear?

Neil : I am going for exercise.
Celine : Why? I have never seen you exercising before.
Neil : …………………………………………………….
Celine : …………………………………………………….
Neil : …………………………………………………….
Celine : …………………………………………………….
Neil : …………………………………………………….
 Complete the dialogue with the at least 2 expressions of cause or effect based on the context given in the
dialogue. This conversation between two friends is about the effects of exercise on your body.

A  
Celine : Hi Neil, why are you wearing your sports wear?

N Neil
Celine
: I am going for exercise.
: Why? I have never seen you exercising before.

S Neil : Due to working everyday in front of the laptop, most of the time I spend sitting and now I easily get
backache.

W Celine : Really? Actually, I’ve also almost never done any exercises in the past 3 months because I was so
busy to study for the IELTS I will take next month.

E Neil : You still can do some exercises at home, such as doing 7-minute workout or Zumba dance from
YouTube. Therefore, you don’t need to go anywhere to save time.

R Celine
Neil
: Ah, I see, you’re right. Thanks for the suggestions.
: No problem.
 
 p ro ve n b y s o m e a rg u m e n t s

GENERALIZATION
B. Fill in the blanks and complete the table based on the sentences/ phrases/ words
given in this link 3 . LANGUAGE FEATURES
 Us in g co n ju n ct io n s t o s t a t e ca u s e - a n d- e ffe ct re la t io n s h ip , s u ch a s b e ca u s e o f ...,
d u e t o ..., t h a n ks t o , b e ca u s e , a s , t h e re fo re , t h u s ...e t c.
Material : Transactional text to ask and give information about cause -and-  Th e s e n t e n ce s t ru ct u re o f ca u s e - a n d - e ffe ct re la t io n s h ip is a s t h e fo llo w in g :
effect relationship Co n ju n ct io n s w h e n w e t a lk a b o u t Co n ju n ct io n s w h e n w e t a lk a b o u t
Caus e Effe ct
1. SOCIAL FUNCTIONS (Fo llo w e d b y S + V)
Fo llo w e d b y Fo llo w e d b y
Transactional t ext t o ask and give inform at ion about cause -and-effect relat ionship No u n / No u n Ph ra s e / Ge ru n d S+V
has som e funct ions t o: 1 . Be ca u s e o f Be ca u s e So S+V
2 . As a re s u lt o f As ….. . He n ce , …
 Ask inform at ion: t o ask or check inform at ion about cause -and-effect relationship 3 . Du e t o Sin ce ….. . Th u s , …
 Give inform at ion: t o answ er or give inform at ion about cause -and-effect 4 . Th a n ks t o Fo r ….. . Th e re fo re , …
relat ionship 5 . Ow in g t o ….. . Co n s e q u e n t ly, …
….. . As a re s u lt , …
….. . Fo r t h is re a s o n , …
2. GENERIC STRUCTURE in o rd e r t o + Ve rb 1

 St art ing the int eraction : start ing the conversat ion, st at ing or asking Exa m p le s :

inform at ion about cause-and-effect relat ionship 1 . He r h a ir s t a rt e d fa llin g o u t as a re s ult o f ra d ia t io n t re a t m e n t .

2 . Be caus e a rch a e o lo gis t s w a n t e d t o le a rn a b o u t d iffe re n t civiliza t io n s e xis t in g, t h e y
 Responding : answ ering, doubt ing, agreeing, quest ioning w hich is
s t u d ie d a rt ifa ct s .
proven by som e argum ents 3 . Th e m ilk s p ille d a ll o ve r t h e flo o r. The re fo re , J e s s ie g o t a m o p a n d cle a n e d it u p .

3. LANGUAGE FEATURES
 Using conjunct ions to state cause -and-effect relationship, such as because of ...,
 Questions Answers
Before you studied this material, what ……
things did you not understand?
When you were studying this material, did ……
you find some difficulties? What were
they?
REFLECTION How did you overcome those difficulties? ……

After you studied this material, what ……

things do you know?
After you studied this material, what ……
things do you need to improve?
Thank you …..