PRESENT IDEAS

BE; DO; DOES

TO BE

■ Describes: states, conditions, occupations, places.

■ 3 forms:

You She
I am (‘m) We are (‘re) He is (‘s)
They It
I’m sick.
You’re rich.
We’re engineers.
She’s in Italy.
He’s worried but we’re relaxed.
TO BE

■ It’s an autonomous verb. It is used alone and the message is complete.

■ We construct the negative simply using the word “not”.

I’m a lawyer. I’m not a military officer.

He’s excited. He isn’t bored.
They’re 26 and 28. They aren’t in their 30s.
Let’s practice

1. I ______ at home.
2. She _______ not at home in the morning.
3. We ________ in the park.
4. This ________ my new laptop.
5. Our friends ________ on their summer holidays.
6. Uncle George ______ a good football player.
7. The dog _______ under the table.
8. He _______ very funny.
9. The shoes _______ white.
TO BE

■ Making a question is very simple.

■ Invert the order of subject (the “person”) and the verb.
■ The presence or not of an interrogative is not relevant in this case.
Is Maria from Argentina?
Are we in the right place?
Where is Richard?
What time is the movie?
How old are you?
TO BE

■ I’m usually on time.

■ You’re my best friend!

■ The sky isn’t clear.

■ They aren’t cousins.

■ Who is that girl?

■ How old are you?
Let’s practice
■ Complete with the negative
We ________ friends.
Mary and Mark _________ doctors.
Peter ________ a football player.
Blue ________ her favourite colour.
Catherine ________from Italy.
The dogs ________ white.
They _________ English teachers.
■ Order the words in the questions
your - is – apple – this __ ?
happy – are – you __?
your – is – Josephine – name _________?
old - the – comics – are
__________________?
is – Charlie - your - in – class
__________________?
is - your – sandwich - box – blue
__________________ ?
OTHER VERBS

■ Simple! Very simple! Extremely simple!

■ Use the base form of the verb accompanied by a subject (the “person”).
I play tennis.
You play volleyball.
We play cards.
They play dominoes.
OTHER VERBS

■ The difficulty in this form is present when we use the singular SHE, HE, or IT.
■ In this case we adapt the verb in these ways:

To make The large majority of verbs just I make dinner, he makes lunch.
receive the letter ‘S’
To study Verbs with any consonant + Y You study English and James studies French.
in the end add ‘IES’ after
removing the letter ‘Y’
To watch Some verbs receive an extra They watch movies on the TV, but Sarah
syllable with ‘ES’ watches them on her computer.
To have Some verbs receive an I have a dog and she has a cat.
irregular alteration
Let’s practice

■ Use the verbs in the box to complete the sentences To do To read

We sometimes ______ books. To go To rain
Emily _______ to the disco. To listen To teach
It often ______ on Sundays. To wear To like

Pete and his sister _______ the family car. To run To wash

I always _______ to the bus stop.

I _______ lemonade very much.
The girls always _________ to pop music.
Janet never __________ jeans.
Mr Smith ________ Spanish and French.
You _________ your homework after school.
NEGATIVE IDEAS

■ These verbs work in a different way. It’s not possible to create a negative simply using the word
‘not’, like with the verb To Be. This is a great difference between them.
■ We need to include the auxiliary verb ‘do’ here, combined with the negative ‘not’.
I watch movies at night. >>> I don’t watch movies at night.

– I cook not our lunch.

– I don’t cook our lunch.

I don’t like her music.

They don’t need to finish the activity.
NEGATIVE IDEAS

■ When we use the singular ‘she/he/it’, we need to adapt the verb modification.

He takes a bus to work. >>> He don’t takes a bus to work. >>> He doesn’t take a bus to work.

■ The ‘S’ adaptation is now in the verb ‘do’, not in the verb ‘take’.
■ So when we use ‘does’, the verb goes back to the normal, base form.
Carla wears glasses but she doesn’t wear sunglasses.
Theo plays the piano but doesn’t play the keyboard.
Let’s practice

■ Make the sentences in the negative form

My father makes breakfast.
They have eleven dollars.
She writes a letter.
I speak Italian.
Danny phones his father on Sundays.
QUESTIONS

■ We need to use ‘do’ and ‘does’ only as a cement for the question, positioned in front of
the subject. ‘Do’ and ‘does’ have no significant meaning, they only work as an element
of construction.
You like pizza. >>> DO you like pizza? >>> Why DO you like pizza?
She sleeps late. >>> DOES she sleep late? >>> How often DOES she sleep late?
■ Notice that we put ‘do’ and ‘does’ in front of the subject in the presence of an
interrogative pronoun or not.
Where do you live?
Does Canada use euros?
OTHER VERBS

■ I have two cats.

■ She does yoga on Tuesdays.

■ The people of Canada don’t speak Spanish.

■ The party doesn’t start until 9.

■ Who do you see in the room?

■ Does Kate know him?
Let’s practice

■ Make a question to obtain the answer in bold

How many cats do you have? I have two cats.

_____________________to school?
_______________ in the garden?
_________________________?
_________________________?
_________________________?
Danny goes to school from Monday to Friday.
My rabbit has a cage in the garden.
The children like cats because they are nice.
Jenny is never late.
Andrew's new mountain bike costs €1000.
 Use
e v erb th
direc e verb
t h cons tly but
Use ctly id
vari er the S
dire is ■ I’m usually on time. ■ I have two cats. ation
‘he,s s for
/
“am ■ She does yoga on Tuesdays.
he,it
’
/are” ■ You’re my best friend!

Use
ot” ‘
Use “n or ‘d don’t’
t he oesn
after ’t’
■ The people of Canada don’t speak Spanish.
verb ■ The sky isn’t clear.
■ They aren’t cousins. ■ The party doesn’t start until 9.

rt t h e
Inve of the Use
io n s ‘do’
posit and the ■ Who is that girl? ■ Who do you see in the room? ‘doe or
verb ject s’
sub ■ Does Kate know him?
■ How old are you?
Let’s practice

■ Complete the sentences with the words

They _________ hockey at school. (to play)
She _________ e-mails. (not/to write)
_____________________ English? ( you / to speak)
My parents ______________ fish. (not/to like)
_______Anne ______________ any hobbies? (to have)
Andy's brother _____________ in an office. (to work)
Leroy _____________ very fast. (not/to read)
______________________ the flowers every week? (Jim and Jow/to water)
Yvonne's mother ______________ a motorbike. (not/to ride)
____________________ cola? (Elisabeth/ to drink)
Speaking
■ Answer the questions
– How old are you?
– What’s your favorite movie?
– Where do you buy your bread?
– Do you go to bed late?
– Where do you work?
– What do you do?
– How often do you eat out?
– How many rooms are there in your
home?
– How often does your family call you?
– How much does gas cost in your city?
– Where does your best friend live?
– Does it rain much where you live?
– Is your hair dark?
– What time does your school open?
– What does your teacher look like?
Speaking

■ Create questions for the answers below – Yes, she is.

– Yes, I do. – She loves it.
– No, he isn’t. – They have only one.
– Yes, they do. – He lives in that house.
– No, I’m not. – I’m not 40.
– No, we don’t. – They are on Fridays.
– No we aren’t. – It costs $40.
– Yes, I am. – Because they think it’s more expensive.
– No, you don’t.
– Yes, you are.