STRUCTURA

L STEEL

GROUP
MEMBERS
ARADHYA
DEEPTI
REBECCA
PRIYA
TANVI
CONTENTS
● Introduction: What is Steel Structure
● History
● Manufacturing: Hot rolled; Cold rolled
● Properties
● Types
● Difference between PEB and Structural Steel
● Application / Uses
● Advantages and Disadvantages
● Connections/ Joinery Detail: Introduction; Welding, Bolting,
Riveting
● Steel Frames used in Buildings
● Case Study
● Environmental Impact of Steel Building
INTRODUCTION
Structural Steel is Steel that contains carbon, not more than 2.1%.
It has a carbon content of less than 0.6%.

It is designed to have a good strength/weight ratio (which is also

called specific strength) and to be cost-effective in order to be
benefited as a structural component in buildings, roads, bridges, etc.

Steel structure:- It is a metal structure which is made of structural

steel* components connect with each other to carry loads and provide
full rigidity.

steel structures is used for almost every type of structure including

heavy industrial building, high-rise building, equipment support
system, infrastructure, bridge, tower, airport terminal, heavy
industrial plant, pipe rack, etc.
 STEEL

 One of the most Common material used in Construction

 Used in various Forms

 Spans  Higher Q A Q C processes

 Space optimization  Weather tolerances
 Heights  seismic design
 High load bearing capacity  High Fire rating
 Light weight  Easy to clad
 Ease of Execution  Many more reasons..
 Faster
 Reusable
 Recyclable
MANUFACTURI
NG
 STEEL SECTIO

• Rolled Round Bars • Ribbed Bars • Hollow Sections

• Rolled Square Bars • Ribbed Mild Steel Bars • Square Pipe
• Rolled Flat Bars • Rolled TMT Bars • Rectangular
• Rolled Steel Plates • We lde d W ire Fab ric s Pipe
• Circular
Pipe
• Rolled Angle Section
• Rolled Channel Section
• Rolled T Section
• Rolled I Section

• 20x20x3 to 200x 200 x 25

CHANNEL
• Also called C Sections • 5 to 50 mm thickness
• 100x45x3 to 400x 100 x 25
ROUND
BARS

• 5 to 25 mm diameter
STEEL PLATES

I- SECTION
• 75x50 to 600x 210
• Narrow Flang e/
W ide Flang e
• Ribbed HYSD
• TMT Bars
• TOR Steel

WELDED WIRE
FLAT MESH
BARS
• 10 to 400
mm width
in thickness
of 3mm to
40mm
ALLOY STEEL
 Stainless steel
 Nickle Steel
 Vanadium Steel
 Tungsten Steel
 Manganese Steel

MILD STEEL

 Low carbon, 0.15-0.25%

 Most used steel
 Ductile, Malleable, Tougher than Wrought Iron
 Prone to rusting
 Used as rolled sections, reinforcing b ars
 HIGH CARBON
 Carbon 0.55 to 1.50% STEEL
 Tougher and more elastic than mild steel

 Used for reinforcing cement concrete and prestressed

concrete members

STAINLESS STEE
 APPLICATIONS
Steel:
• Mild Steel: Mild steel is used in the form of
rolled sections, reinforcing bars, roof coverings
and sheet piles and in railway tracks.
• High Carbon Steel: High carbon steel is used
for reinforcing cement concrete and prestressed
concrete members. It can take shocks and
vibrations and is used for making tools and
machine parts.
• High Tensile Steel: High Tensile steel is used in
prestressed concrete construction.

High Tensile High Carbon Steel

Mild Steel
Steel
Alloy Steel:

Stainless
Steel

Nickle
Steel

Invar Steel
Vanadium
Steel
 GRADING &
GRADING
BUFFING
Steel grading systems consider chemical composition, treatment, and
mechanical properties to enable fabricators to select the appropriate
product for their application.

According’s to Bureau of Indian Standards, steels can be designated either

based on letter symbols {IS: 1962 (Part I)—1974} or based on numerals
{IS: 1962 (Part II)}.

Grading
It is used where
the major It depends on the
Mechanical Chemical
criterion for chemical
selection of composition of
steel is its steel.
tensile strength
or yield stress.
As per IS:2062 (2011) Mechanical Properties
There shall be nine grades of steel.

For grades,
E 250 to E 410 - there shall be four sub-qualities (A, BR, B0 and C)
E 450 to E 650 - there shall be two sub-qualities (A and BR).

Sub-qualities A, BR, B0 and C indicate requirement of impact test and mode

of de-oxidation as indicated below:

A : Impact test not required, semi-killed/killed

BR : Impact test optional; if required at room temperature;
semi-killed/killed
B0 : Impact test mandatory at 0°C, semi-killed/ killed
C : Impact test mandatory at –20°C, killed
While placing the order, the steel should be designated by ‘Grade
Designation’ and ‘quality’.
Fe 410
• Killed steel is steel treated with a strong deoxidizing
agent. This treatment is necessary to reduce the oxygen
content so that no reaction occurs between carbon and Fe is used for  No.
oxygen during solidification. denoting denotes
• Rimmed steels are low carbon steel that is partially
deoxidized or no oxidized.
Steel. yield
strength
As per IS:2062 (2011)
As per IS:1762-1 (1974)
The code designation shall consist of the following in the order
given:
Fe 410 Cu K

Fe is used Figure indicating the Chemical Symbol

where the minimum tensile symbols for indicating
basis is strength or yield stress elements the special
presence of characteristics
tensile in N/mm2.
which
strength. If no minimum tensile characterize
or yield strength is the steel
guaranteed, the figure
shall be 00.

Fe E 590 F7

Fe E is used
where the
basis is yield
strength.
 Chemical Properties

C F Carbon steels only contain trace amounts of elements

e besides carbon and iron. This group is the most popular of
the four grades of steel and it accounts for 90% of steel
production.

Alloy steels are created by adding additional alloying

elements like nickel, copper, chromium, and/or aluminum. N C
These elements enhances the steel's strength, ductility, i u
corrosion resistance, and machinability. Cr A
l

N
i Stainless steels contain 10-20% chromium as their alloying
S C element, as well as other elements such as nickel, silicon,
i M manganese, and carbon. 
n
C
Tool steels used in cutting and drilling equipment. The o
V
secret is the tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt, and M
vanadium that increases their heat resistance and overall o
durability.
As per IS:2062 (2011)
As per IS:1762-1 (1974)
The code designation shall consist of the following in the order
given:

Low and Medium Alloy Steel

25 Cr 4 Mo 2 G Guaranteed
Hardenabili
ty
0.25 % Multiplying 0.25 %
Carbon factor of Molybdenu
Chromium m

High Alloy Steel

High alloy X 10 Cr 18 Ni 9
steel

0.10 % 0.18 % 9%
Carbon Chromium Nickel
 Steel for reinforcement

Steel for reinforcing bars can be classified according to its use. • High Yield strength
deformed (HYSD) bars have
lugs, ribs, or deformations on
the surface, which inhibit
longitudinal movement of the
bar relative to the
surrounding concrete.

• Thermo-mechanically
treated (TMT) bars are extra
high strength reinforcing bars,
which eliminate any form of
cold twisting.

From Building materials by SK Duggal

BUFFING
The term Buffing is a superfinishing process in which there is a buffing wheel (attached with abrasive disc) that is
used to remove the bur or unwanted material from the workpiece for smoothing the surface of the workpiece.

Process

The buffing wheel is made by linen, cotton, broad cloth and

canvass and it is made by multiple layers of these cloths
overlapped on each other.

When we perform an operation The wheel is attached with the

tool holder and rotates during at a speed of 32.5 -40 m/s and
a small pressure applied on the wheel.

which promotes abrasive action and removes metal in form

of microchips.
 It is used to remove fine scratches or to remove oxide or
similar coatings which may be on the work surface.

The almost buffing process is done manually but automatic or

semi-automatic buffing processes are also available which are
used for mass production in various industries.

And for complex workpieces, manual buffing is suitable.

Applications

• Used in the automobile sector (motorcycles, boats, bicycles, commercial

and residential hardware, Roller bearing, connecting rod, piston, and many
more).

• The process used to shine the workpiece. (Tools, fixtures, sports items,
Household utensils and appliances).
 In construction:
❏ Prefabrication and erection of
components
Properties ❏ Shorter construction time
❏ Close
In design: dimensional
❏ Large spans tolerances
❏ With columns of small sections ❏ Ease in
❏ Great building heights and high loadbearing fixing and
capacity
❏ Combined with low dead weight of the
cladding
structure ❏ Erection independent of weather
❏ Structural systems in which openings conditions
can be easily provided ❏ Modest demand on space on the
❏ To simplify installation of services
site
In use: ❏ Dry construction
❏ Greater flexibility
❏ Limited no. of internal supports
❏ Adaptibility of frame work to change of use
❏ Increasing effective life of building
❏ Ease in dismantling or demolition
Types

MS Angles:-
● A MS angle or mild steel angle is a L-shaped cross-section used in the
construction of buildings and structures.
● The sides are either equal or of different sizes, if one leg is longer than the
other then it is known as UNEQUAL angle.
● Specifications: 25x25x3/5/6mm- 200x200x12/16/20mm.

MS Channel:-
● A channel is a right angle “C” section. They are also called C Channels.
● Along with beams, channels are mainly used in structural applications.
● Specifications: 75x40mm – 400x100mm

MS Joist / Beams:-
● They are widely used in Industrial Buildings, Multi Storey Building, Road Bridge
composite construction, Industrial structures Railways.
● Specifications: 100x50mm – 600x210mm
Universal Beam / Column:-
● They can be found just about anywhere heavy duty weight support is required.
● They often support the main structure of a house and are commonly used under
load bearing walls.
● They cost more to manufacture than a wooden beam, but provide great
advantages in terms of strength.
● Specifications : 150mm – 300mm

NPB(Narrow Parallel Flange Beam):-

● Narrow Parallel Flange Beams are doubly symmetric shapes, generally used as beams
whose inside flange surfaces are substantially parallel.
● Beams under this standard have flange widths generally lower than the depth.
● These are used as beam sections i.e. horizontal member carrying transverse load.
● When used as bending member, Parallel flange sections offer 15%-20% saving in
material.
● Specifications : 200mm – 600mm

H Beam:-
● H beam is a structural beam made of rolled steel. It is incredibly strong.
● H-beam has wider flanges than I-beam, but I-beam has tapered edges.
● The H beam tends to be heavier than the I beam, which is why some say it is better
than the I beam.
● Specifications : 150mm – 300mm
MS Flats:-
● Flat bars may be considered the most basic of steel structures.
● Its applications range from construction to machine fabrication.
● These flats are rolled in low temperature which imparts higher strength to the
structures.
● Specifications : 12mm (Width) - 300mm (Width) x 3mm (Thickness) - 32mm (Thickness)

MS Rounds:-
● Round Bar is a long, cylindrical metal bar stock that has many industrial
and commercial applications.
● The most common application is shafts.
● Specifications : 12mm – 250mm

Bright Bars:-
● Bright Bars are steel bars that are produced by one or more
cold finishing processes.
● Rounds: 6mm – 76mm
● Square: 6mm – 63mm
● Hexagon: 12mm – 40mm
 Application / Uses

High-Rise Buildings - Structural steel can incredibly resist wind, earthquakes, or other natural disasters because of
its strength and flexibility.

Industrial Buildings - Structured steel is designed to have a high strength-to-weight ratio and is highly durable.
They are also cost-effective, and the pre-made parts are easily assembled.

Residential Buildings - the flexibility in the structured steel makes them the best material for residential buildings
situated near the coast or earthquake faults.

Commercial towers and Public Building- Depending on the design of the building, the panels can be altered to fit
various size requirements. Its versatility allows for more expansion compared to traditionally constructed buildings.

Port Structures and Marine Works - Steel is suitable for port infrastructure and marine structures especially in high
design loads however it may corrode when exposed to oxygen and salt water. But it can be minimized so long as
there is a planned maintenance system.

https://www.escglobalgroup.com/post/what-are-the-applications-of-structural-steel-in-the-construction-industry
Pros of Structural Steel:-
Strength – Although structural steel is known to have considerable
strength, it can be further improved by adding various alloys to its
composition. the most important factor affecting this is its strength-to-
weight ratio, which means it is significantly strong for much less
weight.
Cost-effectivity – The past decades have seen advancements in steel
production, making it progressively cheaper and faster to produce.
Sustainability – Steel is widely recycled in the construction industry. It
is 100% recyclable with minimal degradation to the properties that
make it a preferred construction component.
Over 90% of structural steel is recycled, making steel the world’s most
sustainable building material.
Aesthetic Versatility – Owing to the versatility of steel, designers and
architects have more freedom of artistic expression through the
shapes of structural steel components without compromising strength
or functional properties.
https://kanyanaengineering.com.au/types-of-structural-steel/
Cons of Structural Steel
Susceptibility to Corrosion- Steel is not a material chosen for
its corrosion resistance since it contains iron, which is very
susceptible to corrosion, more commonly known as
rust.Although preventive measures may be taken against
corrosion, these do add to the cost.
Decrease in Strength in High Temperatures – Despite steel’s
resistance to fire, temperatures that are high enough will
slowly reduce its integrity.steel of appropriate material
composition should be used for construction.
Buckling – When under compression, steel is subjected to
what is referred to as buckling. It is what happens when force
presses into a slender structure and causes it to collapse.
This means consideration during the design phase is
essential to gauge the force structural steel will be subjected
to.
Fatigue – This refers to the repeated cycles of strain/stress
onto structural steel. This eventually breaks the steel and
leads to the fracturing of the material. Metal fatigue in
structural steel should also be considered during design and
engineering.
adv/disc
connections/ joinery detail : introduction : weld : bolt : riveting : gazette plate
Construction of structural steel building
 connections/ joinery detail : introduction : weld : bolt : riveting : gazette plate

Connections are structural elements that are used for joining different members of the structural steel framework.
The steel structure is the assembly of different members like beams, columns.
These various steel members are interconnected using Rivets, Bolts, and Welding. This is known as a connection.

https://www.apsed.in/post/steel-connection#:~:text=Connections%20are%20structural%2
0elements%20that,different%20members%20like%20beams%2C%20columns.&text=The
se%20various%20steel%20members%20are,Rivets%2C%20Bolts%2C%20and%20Weld
ing
.
SIMPLE CONNECTIONS

● Designed as flexible connections

● Connections are assumed to be free to rotate
● Vertical shear forces are the primary forces transferred by the connection
● Require a separate bracing system for lateral stability.

Double Angle
Single Plate
Connection
Connection (Shear
Tab)
The in-plane pair
of legs are
A plate is welded to
attached to the
the supporting
web of the
member and bolted
supported beam
to the web of the
and the out-of-
supported beam
plane pair of legs
to the flange or
 Single Angle Connection Seated Connection

One leg is attached to the An angle is mounted with

web of the supported one leg vertical against
beam and the other leg to the supporting column,
the flange or web of the and the other leg
supporting member provides a "seat" upon
which the beam is
mounted

Tee Connection

The stem of a WT section is

connected to the supported member
and the flange attached to the
supporting member.
MOMENT CONNECTIONS

●Designed as rigid connections which allow little or no rotation

●Used in rigid frames
●Moment and vertical shear forces are transferred through the connection
●Two types of moment connections are permitted:
➔Fully-Restrained
➔Patially-Restrained

Partially-Restrained (PR)
Fully-Restrained (FR)
Connections
Connections
Have sufficient strength to
Have sufficient strength to transfer
transfer moments, but the
moments with negligible rotation
rotation between connected
between connected members
members is not negligible
The angle between connected
The angle between connected
members is maintained
members may change
COMMON FULLY RESTRAINED
CONNECTIONS
Bolted Extended End-Plate Connection
A plate is welded to the flanges and web of
the supported member and bolted with high-
strength bolts to the supporting column
Welded Flange Connection
Complete-joint-penetration groove welds directly
connect the top and bottom flanges of the supported
member to the supporting column
A shear connection on the web is used to transfer
vertical shear forces.
COMMON PARTIALLY RESTRAINED CONNECTIONS

PR Moment Connection Wind Only

Top and Bottom Angle with Shear End Plate
Connection
A double angle simple connection transfers vertical
shear forces while top and bottom flange plates resist
Angles are bolted or welded to the top and bottom
moment forces produced by wind
flanges of the supported member and to the
supporting column
Note that the size of the flange plate is relatively small
in comparison to the beam flange
A shear end plate on the web is used to transfer
vertical shear forces
steel frames used in buildings SPECIFIC TO BUILDING USE
 Riveted Connections

They are made up of a head and a ductile shank.

The process for installation required the pre-heating of the rivet, and the application of pneumatic pressure.

Types Of Rivet Joints

Disadvantage
Various types of rivet joints are-
This posed a number of
disadvantages including the ● Lap joint
need for pre-heating (extra ● Butt joint
energy input and process as well ● Single strap butt joint
as fire risk), high levels of noise ● Double strap butt joint
during installation, and difficulty ● Single riveted joint
● Double riveted joint
in replacing rivets during
● Chain riveted joint
maintenance.
● Zig zag joint
Difference Between Riveting And Welding
1.Welded joints are economical than rivet joints as in the case of welded joints, extra plates and bolts are eliminated. Labour
ost is also low and the manpower required is less.

2.Load transfer during rivet joints makes the metal plates attached to it more vulnerable to bending. Hence, rivet joints are
exible that are not preferred. Whereas, the welded joints are rigid and these joints don’t bend much compared to rivet joints.

3.Tubular sections are connected economically and more strongly with welded joints.

4.Whenever repairing is to be done, the alteration expense is more in rivet joints, whereas, in welded joints, the cost is very
ess.

5.The process of welding is faster than riveting.

6.Noise pollution is less in welding than riveting.

7.Details of drawing in case of rivet joints are difficult to understand compared to welding.

8.A proper welded joint has an efficiency of 100% which is unachievable in rivet joints.

9.In welding, excessive heat may cause disruption in plates, while in rivet joints such a case does not arise.

10.More skill is required for welding, whereas riveting does not require any skill.

11.Inspection of the welded joint is difficult while the rivet joint can be inspected easily and, in some cases, loose connections
an be repaired by tapping a hammer on it.

12.Probability of brittle fracture is more in welded joints as compared to rivet joints.

 Bolted Connections

The two types of bolts commonly used in steel construction include high strength structural steel, and A307
bolts (common bolts). Structural steel bolts are subcategorised into A325 (Group A) and A490 (Group B)
and are high strength.
The two main types of bolted joints are tension joints and shear joints.

The bolted joint is a non permanent joint.

When a bolt is subjected to sudden shock loading the resilience of the bolt is considering to prevent the breakage from the
thread of the bolts.

disadvantage Advantages
loosening under vibratory loads Bolts have largely replaced rivets
resulting in a reduction of due to their lower installation
strength. cost, ease of installation and
bolted joint is totally depend upon the maintenance.
tightening of the joint. The bolted joint having simple design
failure of the bolted joint is more. High Strength Joint
bolted joint having high weight
Less Skilled Or Semi Skilled Labour
Required
Process of Bolting in Steel Structure
1. The nominal length of the bolt used in the steel structure shall be the distance from the underside of the head to the further
end of the shank.
2. The nominal diameter of the bolt used in the steel structure shall be the diameter at the shank above the screwed threads,
bolts, nuts, and washers shall be thoroughly cleaned and dipped in double-boiled linseed oil, before use.
3. All bolt heads and nuts shall be hexagonal unless otherwise specified.
4. The bolts length shall be such that it must project at least two clear threads beyond the nuts when fixed in position, and these
shall fit in the holes without shaking.
5. Wherever necessary, washers shall be tapered to give the heads of nuts and bolts a satisfactory bearing.
6. The threaded portion of each bolt must project at least two threads through the nut.
7. In all cases where the full bearing of the bolt is to be achieved, the bolt must be provided with a washer of sufficient thickness
under the nuts to avoid any threaded portion of the bolt within the thickness of the parts bolted together.
8. Where there is a risk of the nuts being removed or becoming loose due to vibrations or reversal of stresses, these shall be
secured from slackening by the use of lock nuts, spring washers, as directed by the engineer.
Welded Connections
Welding is a fabrication process whereby two or more parts are
fused together by means of heat, pressure or both forming a join as
the parts cool.
Variability exists with the quality of the weld being
made by the erector.
The most common types of welds include fillet,
groove, plug, and slot welds.
The parts that are joined are known as a parent material. The
material added to help form the join is called filler or consumable

Welds however shrink, and this effect needs to be advantage of being simple in
considered in the design particularly for large design, requiring fewer parts and
welds. material.
● It is a simple process that results in a
the inspection of welds is more difficult and hence great finish.
costlier and more difficult to maintain ● It is used in various sectors like
● It is hazardous when performed under the safety and security construction, automobile, and many
guidelines. more industries.
● Requires skilled labor and electric supply. ● The technique, when used with filler
material, produces a stronger weld than
the base material.
Types Of Welding
Various types of welding are –

● MIG Welding Metal Inert Gas.:uses bare wire and then the second one uses second flux core The bare wire welding is
used to connect thin metal plates together. The flux core welding is mostly used for outdoor activities as it does not
require any gas supply or flow meter.
● Stick Welding :old form of welding and it is also known as Arc welding.It uses electricity to melt the rod, which in turn
melts both the joint and the rod simultaneously. This leads to the fusion of the two metal plates and it also fuses the rod
to the weld. Equipment used for such types of welding are – A constant voltage (CV) power supply, rod holder, ground
clamp, stick welding rods.
● TIG Welding : TIG stands for Tungsten Inert Gas. For performing this, two hands are required. One hand holds the rod
while the other rod holds TIG torch. This torch produces an arc and heat that is used to melt the metal. It is mostly used
for metals like aluminium, steel, cobalt, etc.
● Gas Welding : This type of welding uses gases like oxygen and acetylene. These gases are very portable to carry. Fuel
gas and oxygen react with each other that in turn melts and joints the metal. It is great for brazing dissimilar metals
together.
 Environment impact of steel building :
Steel production is highly polluting
Steel production requires large inputs of coke (a sort of coal) which is extremely damaging to the environment. Coke ovens emit air
pollution such as naphthalene that is highly toxic and can cause cancer.

Wastewater from the coking process is also highly toxic and contains a number of carcinogenic organic compounds as well as
cyanide, sulfides, ammonium and ammonia.

Re-use of structural steel

Steel reuse is any process where end-of-life steel is not re-melted but rather enters a new product use phase.Steel buildings and products are
intrinsically demountable. Easily re-usable components include:

● Piles (sheet and bearing piles)

● Structural members including hollow sections
● Light gauge products such as purlins and rails.
Design for reuse
To facilitate greater reuse it is important that designers not only use steel but also do what they can to optimise future reuse. Steps that the designer can take
to maximise the opportunity for reusing structural steel include:

● End plate beam to column and beam to beam connections

● Use bolted connections in preference to welded joints to allow the structure to be dismantled during deconstruction
● Use standard connection details including bolt sizes and the spacing of holes
● Ensure easy and permanent access to connections
● Where feasible, try to ensure that the steel is free from coatings or coverings that will prevent visual assessment of the condition of the steel.
● Minimise the use of fixings to structural steel elements that require welding, drilling holes, or fixing with Hilti nails; use clamped fittings
where possible
● Identify the origin and properties of the component for example by bar-coding or e-tagging or stamping and keep an inventory of products
● Use long-span beams as they are more likely to allow flexibility of use and to be reusable by cutting the beam to a new length. (source:
SteelConstruction.info)

RECLAIMED STEEL
 AVAILABILITY
Sizes in mm Average weight kg/meter
70 x 35 4.20
1. M.S. Channels
75 x 40 5.20
75 x 40mm to 200 x 75mm (Light Wt. /Med. Wt.
75 x 40 STD 7.10
/STD .Wt.)
75 x 40 MED 6.50
75 x 40 LIGHT 5.70
100 x 50 STD 9.56
100 x 50 MED 9.20
100 x 50 LT MED 8.70
100 x 50 LIGHT 7.90
120 x 55 12.5
125 x 65 13.10
150 x 75 16.80
200 x 75 22.30
 Sizes in mm Average weight kg/meter
1. M.S. Channels 70 x 35 4.20

75 x 40mm to 200 x 75mm (Light Wt. /Med. Wt. 75 x 40 5.20

/STD .Wt.) 75 x 40 STD 7.10

75 x 40 MED 6.50

75 x 40 LIGHT 5.70

100 x 50 STD 9.56

100 x 50 MED 9.20

100 x 50 LT MED 8.70

100 x 50 LIGHT 7.90

120 x 55 12.5

125 x 65 13.10

150 x 75 16.80

200 x 75 22.30
2. M.S. Angles
25 x 25 x 3mm to 130 x 130 x 12mm
Average weight
Average weight kg/meter Sizes in mm kg/meter
Sizes in mm
25 x 25 x 3 1.10 65 x 65 x 10 9.40
25 x 25 x 4.5 1.60 65 x 65 x 12 11.80
25 x 25 x 5 1.80
70 x 70 x 7 7.38
25 x 25 x 6 2.10
75 x 75 x 5 5.70
30 x 30 x 3 1.40
75 x 75 x 6 6.80
35 x 35 x 3 1.60
75 x 75 x 8 8.90
35 x 35 x 4 2.10
75 x 75 x 10 11.0
35 x 35 x 5 2.60
37 x 37 x 3 1.70 75 x 75 x 12 13.1

40 X 40 X 3 1.80 80 x 80 x 6 7.20

40 x 40 x 4 2.40 80 x 80 x 7 7.90
40 x 40 x 5 3.00 80 x 80 x 8 9.60
40 x 40 x 6 3.50
90 x 90 x 6 8.20
45 x 45 x 4 2.70
90 x 90 x 7 9.50
45 x 45 x 5 3.40
90 x 90 x 8 10.80
45 x 45 x 6 4.00
90 x 90 x 10 13.40
50 x 50 x 3 2.30
98 x 98 x 9.5 13.09
50 x 50 x 4 3.00
50 x 50 x 5 3.80 100 x 100 x 6 9.20 Unequal Angles
50 x 50 x 6 4.50 100 x 100 x7 10.7

50 x 50 x 8 5.84 100 x 100 x 8 12.10

Average Weight
55 x 55 x 4 3.30
55 x 55 x 5 4.10
100 x 100 x 10 14.90
Size in mm
60 x 60 x 4 3.70
100 x 100 x 12 17.70
KG/MTR
110 x 110 x 8 13.40
60 x 60 x 5 4.50
110 x 110 x10 16.50
60 x 60 x 6 5.40
110 x 110 x 12 19.6
45 x 30 x 4  2.23
65 x 65 x 4 4.00
130 x 130 x 8 15.9
65 x 65 x 5
65 x 65 x 6
4.90
5.80 130 x 130 x 10 19.7
45 x 30 x 5  2.75
65 x 65 x 8 7.70 130 x 130 x 12 23.4
 3. M.S. I beams 4. M.S. Round Bars
100 x 50mm to 200 x 100mm (Light Wt. /Med. Wt.
/STD .Wt.) 10 mm to 125 mm.
Average Weight
Size in mm Average Weight
70 30.20
KG/MTR Size in mm
KG/MTR
10 0.62 73 32.86
100 x 50 STD 8.90 12 0.90
75 34.72
100 x 50 MED 7.00 14 1.20
78 37.51
16 1.60

100 x 50 LIGHT 5.30 18 2.00

80 39.50
20 2.50
125 x 70 STD 13.30 22 3.00 83 42.47
24 3.56
85 44.55
125 x 70 MED 11.50 25 3.90
28 4.80 90 50.00
125 x 70 LIGHT 9.00 30 5.55
92 52.19
32 6.30
140 x 70 24 34 7.14 93 53.39
150 x 75 STD 15.00 36 8.00
95 55.65
40 9.90

150 x 75 LIGHT 13.50 45 12.49 100 61.66

50 15.40
105 67.98
175 x 85 19.6 56 19.34
60 22.20 110 74.60
200 x 100 24.20 63 24.47
115 81.64
63.5 24.86
65 26.05 125 96.34
5. M.S. Square bars 6. M.S. Flats
10mm to 63 mm Width 25 to 300 mm. & Thickness 5 to 50 mm.
Average Weight 150 x 6 7.07
Average Weight Size in mm
KG/MTR 150 x 8 9.42
Size in mm 20 x 4 0.79 150 x 10 11.80
KG/MTR 20 x 5 0.79 150 x 12 14.10
21 x 6 1.00 150 x 16 18.80
10 x 10 0.80 25 x 3 0.59 150 x 20 23.60

12 x 12 1.10 25 x 4 0.79 150 x 25 29.40

25 x 5 0.98 150 x 32 37.68

14 x 14 1.50 25 x 6 1.18 150 x 40 47.10

25 x 8 1.57 160 x 30 37.68

16 x 16 2.00 25 x 10 1.9 178 X 6 8.38

25 x 12 2.36 178 X 8 11.18
17 x 17 2.27 28 x 6 1.30 180 X 12 16.96
30 x 3 0.71 180 X 20 28.26
20 x 20 3.14 30 x 4.7 1.11 200 x 6 9.40
30 x 5 1.18 200 x 8 12.56
25 x 25 4.90 30 x 60 1.40 200 x 10 15.70
32 x 5 1.26 200 x 12 18.80
32 x 32 8.00 32 x 6 1.50 200 x 16 25.10
32 x 8 2 200 x 20 31.40
40 x 40 12.60 32 x 10 2.50 200 x 25 39.20
32 x 12 3 250 x 6 11.80
42 X 42 13.85 38 x 3 0.90 250 x 8 15.70
38 x 5 1.50 250 x 10 19.60
50 x 50 19.60 38 x 12 3.60 250 x 12 23.60
40 x 4 1.26 250 x 16 31.40
53 X 53 22.05 40 x 5 1.57 250 x 20 39.20
40 x 6 1.90
56 x 56 24.60 40 x 8 2.50
250 x 25 49.10
300 x 6 14.10
40 x 10 3.10
63 x 63 31.20 40 x 12 3.77
300 x 8 18.80
300 x 10 23.55
40 x 16 5.00 300 x 12 28.30
40 x 20 6.30 300 x 16 37.70
40 x 25 7.85
1. SS SLABS

Width ( IN MM) Thickness ( IN MM)

Product
Min Max Min Max

Slab 1000 1650 160 220

2. SS BLOOMS

Width ( IN MM) size ( IN MM)

Product
Min Max Min Max

Blooms 1350 2600 130 250

3. SS Hot Rolled Coils

Max Width Thickness

Product
Min Max Min Max

2.0
Hot Rolled Coil 1000 1650 10
 *

2.0
N1 1000 1650 10
 *

1.4
2E 1000 1600 6.7
 *

4. SS cold Rolled Coils

Width Thickness
Product
Min Max Min Max

0.3
CRAP 1000 1600 5.0
 *

All dim in mm
 5. SS plates

Width (mm) Thickness ( mm)

Product
Min Max Min Max

Plates 1000 1620 11 80

6. SS pipes

Unit pipe length (ft) Thickness (inch)

Product
Min Max Min Max

pipe 3 18 1/2 3

(1/2 inch, 3/4 inch, 1 inch, 2 inch, 3 inch)

length (3’ 6’ 9’ 18 ‘ ) Size
 R S STEEL INDUSTRIES JINDAL STEEL
Rs/KG

1. M.S. Channels 45 58

2. M.S. Angles 56 52

3. M.S. I beams 57 55

4. M.S. Round Bars 45 58

5. M.S. Square bars 47 50

6. M.S. Flats 45 57

1. SS SLABS 180 ____

____
2. SS BLOOMS
3. SS Hot Rolled Coils 244 245
270
4. SS cold Rolled Coils
5. SS plates 244 245
250 (ss 304) , 145 (ss 202)
6. SS pipes 265
CASE STUDIES :

SHEDS

USING TRUSS CONFIGURATION FLAT TRUSS CONFIGURATION

STAIRCASE IN FOOTOVER BRIDGE STAIRCASE
BUILT BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION PHASE PROJECT

STEEL SECTION FACADE

SPRAY APPLIED
FIREPROOFING
OF STEEL

CONFIGURATION OF BEAMS TO
GET CURVED SLAB WELDED TO
THE MAIN COLUMN

FLOOR SLABS

MAIN COLUMN
PURLIN
S
WALL
GIRT