Angel C.

Balais – BSE-English 1 May 8, 2023

Morphophonemic
Changes The variation in the forms of
morphemes because of
phonemic factors.
Angel C. Balais – BSE- English 1 May 8, 2023

6 Synthesis
Common
Types 7 Change of Syllabic Vowel or Diphthong

8 Stress Shift

9 Gradation

10 Suppletion
Synthesis 1 2 3
Word. Transcription. Explanation.

- The fusion of the two phonemes brought together by morpheme combination into
a single new phoneme.

Example: moisture
morphemes (moist) and (-ure)  /’moystyər/ but /moyscər/

/c/ - the synthesis into a single phoneme of /t/ and /y/

/moyse/ - an allomorph of (moist), and suffix /- c ər/ - an allomorph of (- ure)

A. moist  moisture B. act  action C. press  pressure

/mɔɪs/ + /tyər/  /mɔɪsʧər/ /ækt/ + /yən/  /ækʃən/ /prɛs/ + /yər/  /ˈprɛʃər/
/t-y/  /ʧ/ /t-y/  /ʃ/ /s-y/  /ʃ/
Change of Syllabic Vowel 1 2 3

or Diphthong Word. Transcription. Explanation.

- The substitution of another syllabic vowel or diphthong for the one which appears
in the normal allomorph.

Examples:

A. swell  swollen B. please  pleasant C. clear  clarity

/ɛ/  /əʊ/ /i/  /ɛ/ /ɪ/  /æ/
/swɛl/  /swəʊlən/ pliz  plɛznt klɪr  klærəti
Stress Shift 1
Word.
2
Transcription.
3
Explanation.

- A change of stress occurring in the syllables of newly formed word due to the
addition of an affix to a word in English.

Examples:

A. despot  despotic B. available  availability C. linguist  linguistic

/ˈdɛspət/  /dɪˈspɑtɪk/ /əˈveɪləbəl/  /əˌveɪləˈbɪləti/ /ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/  /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk/
Gradation 1
Word.
2
Transcription.
3
Explanation.

- When the process of derivation involves a stress shift, it usually involves certain
types of vowel change.

Examples:

A. symbol  symbolic B. mystery  mysterious C. cigar  cigarette

/ˈsɪmbəl/  /sɪmˈbɑlɪk/ /ˈmɪstəri/  /mɪsˈtɪriəs/ /sɪˈɡɑr/  /ˌsɪɡəˈrɛt/
əɑ əɪ ɑə
Suppletion 1
Word.
2
Transcription.
3
Explanation.

- The occurrence of an allomorph that is completely different in its phonemic

structure from the normal form.

a. Weak Suppletion - the two irregularly b. Strong Suppletion - there are two different
related stems share some phonological stems that share no phonological material
material. at all.

examples: examples:
think  thought cat  cats go  went is  was
buy  bought walk  walked good  better  best be  were
big  biggest bad  worse  worst
References:
English 103

1 Dwi Astuti. Morphological and Morphophonemic Process p. 183-185.

2 Lam Nguyen Tai. The Morphophonemics of English.

Angel C. Balais – BSE-Englsih 1 May 8, 2023

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