UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARTÍN

FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN Y HUMANIDADES

PROGRAMA DE ESTUDIOS DE IDIOMAS

Old English (The Languages in England before English. The

Latin Language in Britain! The Origin and Position of English!
The Periods in the History of English.

SUBJECT: History of English Language.

TEACHER: Dr. Carlo Espinoza Aguilar
SEMESTER: VII.
MEMBERS Ana Gabriel García Viena.
Andy Lozano Cahuaza.
Priscilla Abigail Vivanco Guerrero.
Jossie Alexandra Muñoz Villegas.
Luis Enrique Tananta Ushiñahua.

TARAPOTO-PERÚ
2023
 OLD ENGLISH (THE
LANGUAGES IN ENGLAND
BEFORE ENGLISH.
The Latin Language in Britain! The Origin and
Position of English! The Periods in the History of
English.
 OLD ENGLISH

● Ancient English, also called Anglo-Saxon, language

spoken and written in England before 1100; it is the
ancestor of Middle English and Modern English. Scholars
place Old English in the Anglo-Frisian group of West
Germanic languages.
 Old English
(450 - 1100 AD)

During the 5th Century AD, three Germanic tribes (Saxons,

Angles, and Jutes) came to the British Isles from various
parts of northwest Germany as well as Denmark.

These tribes were warlike and pushed out most of the

original, Celtic-speaking inhabitants from England into
Scotland, Wales, and Cornwall. One group migrated to the
Brittany Coast of France where their descendants still
speak the Celtic Language of Breton today .

These tribes were warlike and pushed out most of the

original, Celtic-speaking inhabitants from England into
Scotland, Wales, and Cornwall. One group migrated to the
Brittany Coast of France where their descendants still speak
the Celtic Language of Breton today .
 5th century AD; three Germanic tribes
invades Britain, the Angles, the Jutes
and the Saxons.

 The invaders spoke languages of

Germanic origin.

 Similarity between many English and

German words: the numbers
(seven/Sieben, eight/acht, nine neun,
ten/zehn) or the pronouns
(mine/mein, me/mich).

 Half of the most commonly used

words in Modern English have Old
English roots: be, strong, water.
 Old English (cont)
But old English did not sound or look like English today.
Native English speakers now would have great
difficulty understanding Old English!

Beowulf (Anonymous)
 Dialects of the Old English language

Four dialects of the Old English language are known:

 Northumbrian in northern England and

southeastern Scotland.
 Mercia in central England.
 Kentish in the southeast of England.
 West Saxon in the south and southwest of
England.

Mercia and Northumbria are often classified together

as Anglo dialects. Most of the surviving Old English
writings are in the West Saxon dialect; the first great
period of literary activity occurred during the reign of
King Alfred the Great in the 9th century.
The Languages in England before English

The first peoples of England of whose language we have a definite knowledge were the Celts.
Formerly it was supposed that the arrival of the Celts to England coincided with the introduction
of bronze on the island. But the use of bronze probably preceded the Celts in several centuries.
We have already described the Celtic languages in England and have drawn attention to their two
divisions, the Gaelic or Goidalic branch and the British branch.

Celtic was probably the first Indo-European language spoken in England. Another language,
Latin, was spoken quite extensively over a period of about four centuries before the arrival of
English. Latin was introduced when Britain became a province of the Roman Empire. Because this
was an event that left a significant mark on later history, it will be good to consider it separately.
 The arrival of Latin in
Britain
Archaeological evidence indicates that the language was
used in southern England before the Roman invasion of 43
AD.

Britain seems to have been an entirely monolingual Celtic-

speaking island before the arrival of Latin on these shores.

But when exactly did Latin arrive?

There is good evidence indicating that at least some

members of elite Celtic groups in the south of England began
to acquire some knowledge of Latin after the penetration of
the Roman legions on the coast of the English Channel (no
more than 18 nautical miles from England through the
Channel at its nearest point: after the conquest of Gaul by
Caesar around 50 B.C.
 The Origin of English
English is a West German language and originated from the
Anglo-Frisian dialects and was brought to Britain by the
Germanic invaders (8th and 9th centuries AD).

A second invasion took place by the 11th-century

Normans, who spoke Old Norman and developed an English
form of it. That is why much of the modern English
vocabulary comes from the Anglo-Norman languages.

The new vocabulary introduced at this time greatly

influenced many organizations, including the church,
judiciary and government. European languages, including
German, Dutch, Latin and Ancient Greek influenced the
English vocabulary during the Renaissance.
 The Old English period was from
the middle of the 5th century to the
middle of the 11th century

 Modern English shares many

similar words with Romance
languages derived from Latin, such
as French and Spanish.

 "Beowulf" is considered the oldest

literary work in the English
language and is the basis of the
English we speak today.
 Position of English
The current English language is the language resulting
from the fusion of dialects spoken by the Germanic
tribes who arrived in England.

English belongs to the lower West Germanic branch of

the Indo-European family. This means first of all that it
shares certain characteristics common to all Germanic
languages.
Second, it means that English belongs to German and
some other languages because of characteristics that
it has in common with them and that allow us to
distinguish a West Germanic group in contrast to the
Scandinavian (North Germanic) and Gothic languages
(East Germanic).
 The Periods in the History of English
The three main divisions in the history of the English language a

The Old English period Middle English period Modern English period
(5th-11th centuries) (11th-15th centuries) (16th century to present)
 VIDEO
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