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g6 U9 Forces and Motion
g6 U9 Forces and Motion
G6 Forces and
Motion
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Contents
Friction
Forces in water
Summary activities
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What is a force?
A force is a push, a pull or a twist. A force cannot be
seen but you can see how a force affects an object.
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What type of force?
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When forces are balanced
balanced forces
10 N 10 N
If you link two newtonmeters and pull equally hard from both
ends, the forces recorded on both will be the same.
The forces acting on the central hooks cancel each other out
– they are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
Because the forces are balanced the hooks do not move.
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When forces are unbalanced
unbalanced forces
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movement
What happens if the pull on one end is greater than the pull
on the other end?
The forces acting on the hooks are no longer balanced.
Both hooks will start to move to the left – their speed will
change. This is called acceleration.
Unbalanced forces lead to a change in speed or direction.
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Balanced or unbalanced forces?
In which direction will these stationary objects move?
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Contents
Friction
Forces in water
Summary activities
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What is friction?
If you rub your hands
together they get warm.
There is resistance to the
rubbing motion.
What is the name of this
resistive force called?
It is called friction.
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More about friction
Friction always tries to slow moving objects down.
We say it opposes motion.
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What are the sources of friction?
Label all sources of friction that can act on this bike.
brake pad
and rim
pedal bearing
wheel
bearing wheel bearing
air
Oneresistance or “drag”
more? Probably
the most important…
links in chain
tyre and road
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Effects of frictional forces
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Contents
Friction
Forces in water
Summary activities
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Forces in water
What is thrust? The force that pushes an object forward.
upthrust
thrust friction
weight
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Ferry forces
Label the forces acting on the ferry as it sails to France.
upthrust
or buoyancy
air
resistance
thrust friction
weight
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Changing forces
The ferry arrives at Calais and is loaded with travellers.
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Contents
Friction
Forces in water
Summary activities
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What are mass and weight?
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Weight and mass on the Moon
The force of gravity is less on the
Moon than it is on Earth. This is
because the Moon has a smaller
mass than the Earth.
Any object will weigh less on the
Moon than it does on Earth.
An astronaut could jump 20 feet
into the air on the Moon because
gravity is less.
However, the astronaut still has the
same body and the same mass: he
just weighs less because gravity is
weaker on the Moon.
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Talking about weight and mass
A scientist should never say:
“She weighs 50 kilograms,”
but should always say:
“She has a mass of 50 kilograms”.
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Contents
Friction
Forces in water
Summary activities
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Glossary
air resistance – A frictional force that acts against an
object moving through air.
force – A push or a pull, measured in newtons (N).
friction – A force that occurs between two surfaces
rubbing against each other.
gravity – The force of attraction between two objects.
mass – The amount of matter that an object is made of,
measured in kilograms (kg).
thrust – A force that pushes an object forwards.
upthrust – A force that pushes an object upwards.
weight – The force caused by gravity acting on an object,
measured in newtons (N).
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Anagrams
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Multiple-choice quiz
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