LESSON#3

•Electric current is the flow of electric

charge through a conductor.

•Electric current is responsible for the movement

of electrons through wires and other conductive
materials, creating the basis for electrical power
generation, transmission, and utilization in various
electrical and electronic devices.
The flow of electric current can occur in two
main types:
Direct Current
(DC)
In DC, electric charge
flows in one direction
continuously.
Batteries and many
electronic devices,
such as laptops and
cell phones, use direct
current.
FORMULA
The Voltaic Pile
was a stack of alternating discs of two different metals,
usually copper and zinc, separated by pieces of
cardboard soaked in a saltwater solution. This
arrangement created a continuous and stable source of
electrical current, which was a groundbreaking
discovery in its time.
It provided the world with a reliable method of
generating electricity and laid the foundation for
many subsequent developments in the field of
electrochemistry and electrical engineering.
Georg Simon Ohm (1789-1854)
was a German physicist and
mathematician who is best known for
formulating Ohm's Law, one of the
fundamental principles in electrical
engineering and physics. Ohm's Law
relates the voltage (V), current (I), and
resistance (R) in an electrical circuit and
is essential for understanding and
analyzing electrical circuits.
DEVICES USES FOR OMHS LAW
 OMEGA

The device that can measure resistance is

called Ohmmeter.
The device that can measure voltage is called Voltmeter
The device that can measure ampere is called Ammeter.
 MULTI-TESTER

The device that can measure voltage,

FORMULA FOR OHM`S
1.There is a potential difference of V=
20V across a resistor with R= 50 Ω.
What is the current through the
resistor?
USING GUFSA:

GIVEN: V= 20V R= 50Ω

UKNOWN:? I OR CURRENT
FORMULA: I=V/R
SUB/SOL:
I=20V/50 Ω
I=O.4 A amper - answer
2. An appliance has a current of 1.2 A and has a
resistor of 100 Ω. Calculate the Voltage.
V =?
Using GUFSA:
GIVEN:
R = 100 Ω
I =1.2 A
UKNOWN: V?
FORMULA:V= I R
SUB/SOL:
V = (1.2 A) (100 Ω)
V= 100 V - ANSWER
 Kirchhoff's laws
are two fundamental principles in electrical
circuit theory that help analyze and solve
electrical circuits. These laws are named after the
German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff and are
essential for understanding and solving complex
electrical networks.
The two main Kirchhoff's laws are:
Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL
Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)
In electronics, a circuit is a complete circular path that
electricity flows through.
•A.Calculate the total resistance

•B. Compute for the current

•C. Find the value of V₁ and V₂

• A.Calculate the total resistance.
Given:
R=6Ω
R=4Ω
Unknown: R?
Formula:
R1+R2
Sub/Sol:
=6Ω+4Ω
R=10Ω-answer
B.Compute for the current
Given:
V=20V
R=10Ω
Unknown: I
Formula: I=V/R
Sub/Sol:
I=20v/10

I = 2A answer
C.Find the value of V₁ and V₂.
GIVEN:
V1 V2
I=2A I=2A

R=6Ω R=4Ω
Unknown:
FORMULA: V= IR
SOB/SOL:

V₁ = (2A) (6Ω) V₂ = (2A) (4Ω)

#2 sample (parallel)
A.Find the current flow on each
resistor.
B.Calculate the total Current
C.Calculate the total resistance
A.Find the current flow on each resistor.
Given:
30V, 4Ω,6Ω, 8Ω
Unknown:?
I or resistor
Formula: I= V/R
Sub/Sol:
I1=30V/4Ω= 7.5A - answer
I2=30V/6Ω= 5 A - answer
I =30V/8Ω= 3.75A -answer
• B.Calculate the total Current IT = I1+I2+I3 + I.... So on..
Given:
= I17.5A
= I25A
= I33.75A
Unknown: ampere total or IT
Formula: I1+I2+I3
SUB/SOL
IT = 7.5A + 5A + 3.75A
IT=16.25 A - answer
C.Calculate the total resistance
GIVEN:
I= 16.25A
V= 30V
Unknown: R or Resistance
Formula: R=V/I
SUB /SOL:
I=30V/16.25A
IT=1.85Ω-answer
1.An air conditioner has a charge of
500 C that requires a current of 1.2
A.
Calculate the time in minutes
2.A light bulb requires a current
of about 0.75 A
If this light bulb is turn on for
one and half hour, compute for
the value of charge.
3.Coffee maker is used for 30
minutes and has a charge of
200C.
Solve for the value of Voltage if
the value of resistance is 100
ohms.
4.Calculate the current
if the voltage is 12 and
the resistance is 10
ohms.
5.A rice cooker can cook rice
for 30 minutes. If the rice
cooker requires a 2 A for 220
V. Calculate the resistance
Directions:
Solve the following problem.
•A.Calculate the total resistance
•B.Compute for the current
•C. Find the value of V₁ and V₂
2
•A.Find the current flow on each resistor.
•B.Calculate the total Current
•C.Calculate the total resistance