TYPES OF PEDAGOGICAL

APPROACHES:
AN INNOVATIVE IDEAS AND
TRENDS
Reyna Jolla L. Nasol, PhD
RESOURCE SPEAKER
 Integrative
Inquiry-based
Collaborative

PEDAGOCICAL
Constructivism APPROACHES Reflective
What is PEDAGOGY?
• how teachers teach
• the science and art of
teaching
What are PEDAGOGICAL
APPROACHES?
• how teachers teach
• the science and art of
teaching
 LEGAL BASIS
Section 5 (e) ra 10533
" The curriculum shall use pedagogical
approaches such as constructivism, inquiry-
based, reflective, collaborative and integrative."
2C2I1R
 Integrative
Inquiry-based
Collaborative

PEDAGOCICAL
Constructivism APPROACHES Reflective
 Meaning-making
Learning is social
Learning as active

Learners are the makers of

meaning and knowledge

CONSTRUCTIVIS
2 C2 I 1 R
 teg ie s 1. Thinking Skills
Stra

DESCRIPTIONS / FEATURES: SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:

ACTIVITY: OBP
develop learners RMFD ACTIVITY: (Outcomes-based
ability to consider Recall Performance)
ideas, analyze Rubrics
Model
perspectives, solve
problems and make Familiarize
decision on their Decide
own

Constructivist Approach
 teg ie s 2. Activity-Based
Stra

DESCRIPTIONS / FEATURES: SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:

ACTIVITY:
purposeful conversation,
The 3 As Activity
project planning, hands
on inquiry, analysis and
Act
product creation Analyze
Apply
• Paper presentation
• PowerPoint
Presentation
• Project exhibits
• Activities that will
demonstrate the
multiple intelligence of
the learners

Constructivist Approach
 teg ie s 3. Direct Instruction
Stra

DESCRIPTIONS / FEATURES: SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:

ACTIVITY: • Laboratory
The TGA Activity experiment results
GUides / models the
• Template
learning in a quickest Tell • Framework creation /
way Guide interpretation
Act

Constructivist Approach
Practical Examples

• Experiments
• Field Trips
• Film Showing
(Reaction Paper)
• Discussions
 Integrative
Inquiry-based
Collaborative

PEDAGOCICAL
Constructivism APPROACHES Reflective
 • Requires learners to work
together towards a common
goal
• Other names: collective
learning, learning communities,
peer teaching, peer learning or
team learning
• Learners engage in a common
task in which each individual
depends on and is accountable
each other

C O L L A B O R AT I V
2 C2 I 1 R E
 teg ie s 1. Online Collaborative
Stra

DESCRIPTIONS / FEATURES: SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:

ACTIVITY: • Project Presentation
• Uses the internet for 1) The CPFM Activity • Paper presentation
assigning task or group Create • Action Research (SHS)
work Pie • Formal Essay (SHS)
• Teachers prepare the Form
learners in becoming Monitor and Support
responsible netizens 2) Integration of
Information Technology
(IT) in the lessons

Collaborative Approach
 teg ie s 2. Jigsaw Method
Stra

DESCRIPTIONS / FEATURES: SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:

ACTIVITY: • Group paper
Learners work in a small The TDAR Activity introspection related
group and letting them interact Think to experiences and
with other group to gather feelings during the
Discussion
small pieces of information group discussion
Act
that would later be combined • Product of the group
to form more information. Reflect

Collaborative Approach
 teg ie s
Stra
DESCRIPTIONS / FEATURES: SUGGESTED
ACTIVITY:
A strategy in which students
work together to solve a
problem or answer a question.
Collaborative Approach
3. Think-Pair-Share
ASSESSMENT:
• Group power point
The 2D-2M Activity presentation
Decide • Paper Reflection
• Observation Checklist to
Describe
monitor the desirable
Model attitudes of the learners
Monitor during collaborative work
 teg ie s
Stra 4. Integrated Process Approach / Project Management

DESCRIPTIONS / SUGGESTED
FEATURES:
Learners can involve their
community, other subjects,
books, any viewed or listened
information that is related to
the topic that is given by the
teacher.
ACTIVITY:
• Think of the project as a whole
ASSESSMENT:
• Focus on life cycle design • Paper presentation
• Work together as a team • Project presentation
• Conduct assessment
• Exhibit
• Develop tailored solutions that yield
multiple benefits while meeting
• Case studies presentation
requirements and goals • Debates results
• Evaluate solutions • Demonstration
• Ensure requirementsand goals
•
• Collaborative writing
Ensure requirements and goals are
met
• Emphasize the integrated process

Collaborative Approach
 teg ie s 5. Peer Teaching
Stra

DESCRIPTIONS / FEATURES: SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:

ACTIVITY: • Paper presentation
reciprocal teaching, peer The AFA Activity • PowerPoint
tutoring and cooperative Assign and Design the presentation
Lesson. • Group reports
learning
Facilitate the Lesson
Assess their peers.

Collaborative Approach
 Practical Examples
• Think Aloud Pair Problem Solving
(TAPPS) - one student is reading
the question, the other is on the
board to solve or answer.
• Group Grid - the teacher could
give a blank concept with jumbled
information, students will work as
group to arrive on the desired
concept.
 Integrative
Inquiry-based
Collaborative

PEDAGOCICAL
Constructivism APPROACHES Reflective
 • making connections with a
major, between
curriculum, co-curriculum,
or between academic
knowledge and practice.
• connect what is learned in
school to real life
situations

I N T E G R AT I V E
2C 2I 1R
 teg ie s
Stra 1. Scaffold-Knowledge Integration
DESCRIPTIONS / SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:
FEATURES: ACTIVITY: • Group work
• Models scientific thinking;
scaffolds students to make their The 4As Activity presentation
thinking visible; provides • projects exhibit
multiple representations
Activity
• Encourages monitoring; Analysis
provides complex projects; Abstraction
revisits and generalizes inquiry
processes; scaffolds critique Application

Integrative Approach
 teg ie s
Stra 2. Content-Based Instruction (CBI)
DESCRIPTIONS / SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:
FEATURES: ACTIVITY: • PowerPoint
• focuses on the topic or
The 4As Activity presentation
subject matter using the
Activity • paper presentation
language they are trying
to lean as a tool for Analysis • Action research
developing knowledge Abstraction (SHS)
Application

Integrative Approach
 teg ie s
Stra 3. Thematic Teaching & Learning By Design

DESCRIPTIONS / SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:

FEATURES: ACTIVITY: Bulletin Board
• Learning in the context
of a coherent "whole"
The AACE Activity
• Teaching of cognitive (Kalanrzis 2007)
skills in the context of a Apply
real world subject Analyze
Conceptualize
Experience

Integrative Approach
Practical Examples
• Demonstration
• Socratic Method
• Computer Integration
• Simulation / Games
• Graphic Organizer
 Integrative
Inquiry-based
Collaborative

PEDAGOCICAL
Constructivism APPROACHES Reflective
 • Acquiring or obtaining
informationthru
investigation carried out by
the learners
• As learners investigate, they
build their understanding
and create meaning and new
knowledge on a certain
content / topic

2C 2 I 1R I N Q U I RY- B A S E D
 teg ie s 1. Cyclic inquiry Model and the
Stra
Practical Inquiry Model
DESCRIPTIONS / SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:
FEATURES: ACTIVITY: • Formal and informal
• Post the topic as a statement observations
starter or a question on The AICDR Activity • Discussions /
small board (Bruner 1965) conferences
• Communicate through Ask • Tasks done in groups
writing with markers, Investigate • Demonstrations /
asking questions and to Create Performances
reflect on the answers • Projects / Portfolios Peer
Discussion
Reflect and Self Assessment
• Self-Reflections

Inquiry-based Approach
 teg ie s 2. Knowledge-Building Community
Stra
model
DESCRIPTIONS / SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT:
FEATURES: ACTIVITY: • Formal and informal
Collects / processes the observations
results at the end to use The EIBU Activity • Discussions /
as data for later activities Experience conferences
based on the community Inform • Tasks done in groups
of learner's participation Build Knowledge • Demonstrations /
Performances
Understand
• Projects / Portfolios Peer
and Self Assessment
• Self-Reflections

Inquiry-based Approach
 teg ie s 3. Experiment
Stra
DESCRIPTIONS / SUGGESTED ACTIVITY: ASSESSMENT:
FEATURES: • Introduction
• Encourage learners interest to
• Standardized tests,
manipulate objects, test
• State the problem quizzes and homework
hypothesis and work together to • Formulate the hypothesis / assignment
solve or prove something • Test the hypothesis
exciting.
• Open ended questions
• Collect, record and
• Learners are able to see or relate • exhibits
analyze date
concepts better thereby • Study / Reseach
contributing to a thorough • Present their findings
understanding of concepts • State the conclusion Presentation

Inquiry-based Approach
 Practical Examples
• Simulation
• Demonstration
• Experiment
• Field Study
 Integrative
Inquiry-based
Collaborative

PEDAGOCICAL
Constructivism APPROACHES Reflective
 • a process where teachers
think over their teaching
practices, analysing how
something was taught and
howthe practice might be
improved or changed for
better learning outcomes

2 C 2 I1 R REFLECTIVE
 teg ie s
Stra Self Evaluation and Self Reflection
DESCRIPTIONS / SUGGESTED ACTIVITY: ASSESSMENT:
FEATURES:
• Collects information about The TTRA Activity
Dairy Presentation
what goes on inside the Think Paper Writing
classroom
Talk Reports
• Analyzes / evaluates the
obtained information by Read Journals
teacher and learner Ask
• Engenders imrpovements in
teaching towards effective
learning

Reflective Approach
 Practical Examples

• Multimedia Presentation
• Drill and Practice
"It is what teachers think, what
teachers do, and what teachers
are at the level of the classroom
that ultimately shapes the kind
of learning that young people
get."

-Andy Hangreaves and Michael Fullan-

Reyna Jolla L. Nasol,
PhD
RESOURCE SPEAKER