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CONTENTS

ABOUT 66/11kv substation Circuit Breaker

Single line Diagram
Relay
Equipment at the substation
Lightning arrestor
Power Transformer
Control room
Parts of Transformer
Bus Coupler
Measurement Instrument
Conclusion
Reference
Isolator
Overview Of 66/11kv Substation

★ A substation is part of an electrical transmission and distribution system .Substation transformer

voltage from high to low ,or the reverse,or perform any of several other importance functions.
★ To design 66/11kv substation where the incoming power is received at 66KV from a generating
station.
★ The power from main bus was fed into a 10MVA transformer which stepped the voltage down to
11KV.
★ The power is then fed to 11KV bus from which different loads were trapped.
Single Line Diagram

01 A single -line diagram( also known as SLD or one-line diagram) is a simplified

representation of an electrical system. Symbols and lines are used to represent the
nodes and connection in the system ,and electrical characteristics may be included as
well.

02 A single line diagram is used to visualise the power distribution system to improve
planning and troubleshootings insecure redundancy, and reduce potential outages.

03 One line diagram has its largest application in power flow studies electrical elements
such ads circuit breaker transformer capacitor bus bars and conductors are shown by
standardized schematic symbols.
Equipments At The Substation

★ Power Transformer
★ Current Transformer
★ Potential Transformer
★ Isolator
★ Circuit Breaker
★ Realy
★ Lightning Arrestor
★ Wave Trap
 Power Transformer

★ A transformer is a passive electrical device that transfers

electrical energy from one electrical circuit to other,or multiple
circuits.
★ A transformer consist of two isolated coils and operates on
Faraday’s Principal of “mutual induction” in which an emf is
induced in the transformer secondary coil by the magnetic flux
generated by the voltage and current flowing in the primary
coil winding.
PARTS OF TRANSFORMER
★ TRANSFORMER TANK
★ HIGH VOLTAGE BUSHING
★ LOW VOLTAGE BUSHING
★ COOLING FINS/RADIATOR
★ COOLING FANS
★ CONSERVATOR TANK
★ SYSTEM GROUND TERMINAL
★ DRAIN VALVE
★ DEHYDRATING BREATHER
★ OIL TEMPERATURE/PRESSURE GAUGES
★ BUSHING CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
★ CONTROL PANEL
★ SURGE ARRESTERS
 Measuring instrument

★ The most common usage of instrument transformers is to

operate instruments or metering from high voltage or high
current circuit,safely isolating secondary control circuitry from
the high voltage or currents.

Instrument transformer are two types:

★ Current transformer: This type of instrument transformer is

used to reduce and measure current in term of high value.
 Power Transformer

★ Potential transformer:

Voltage transformer (VT),also called potential

transformer(PT),are a parallel-connected type of
instrument transformer. They are designed to present a
negligible load to supply being measured and have an
accurate secondary connected metering.
 Circuit breaker

★ A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch

designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by
excess current from an overload or short circuit.
★ Its basic function is to interrupt current flow after a fault is
detected.
★ Which operates once and then must be replaced, a circuit
breaker can be reset(either manually or automatically)to resume
normal operation.
 ISOLATOR

★ An isolator is a device used for ★ Isolator switches are used for

isolating a circuit or equipment opening an electrical circuit in the
from a source of power.An no load condition. It is not
isolator is a mechanical switching proposed to be opened while
device that, in the open current flows through the line.
position ,allows for isolation of ★ Generally,these are employed on
the input and output of a device. circuit breaker both the ends thus
the circuit breaker repair can be
done easily without any risk.
 Relay
★ It works on the principle of an
electromagnetic attraction .When
★ A relay is an electromagnetic
the circuit of the relay senses the
switch operated by a relatively
fault current, it energises the
small electric current that can turn
electromagnetic field which
on or off a much larger electric
produces the temporary magnetic
current.
field which produce temporary
magnetic field .Thereafter , it
provide trip signal to the circuit
breaker and entire system is
protected.
Lightning Arrester
★ A Lightning arrester is a device used on
electrical power system and telecommunication
system to protect the insulation and conductor
of the system from the damaging effect of
lightning.
★ The arrester provide a low impedance path to
ground for the current from a lightning strike
or transient voltage and then restore to a
normal operating condition.
 Bus Coupler

★ Bus Coupler is a 04
device which is used ★ It is a breaker used to

to couple one bus to couple to bus bars.

another.
01 03
★ It couple one bus to
★ It performs maintenance on
another without any
other circuit breaker
interruption in power
02 associated with that bus.
supply .
 Control Room ★ As the name suggest,
where we can control the
equipments and view
readings of all
★ The various supervision,
equipments and also
control and protection
view any type of
function are performed in
abnormal conditions .
the substation control
room.The relays, protection
and control panels are
installed in the control room.
Conclusion

★ Electricity plays an important role in our life . At the end of training ,I came to know about
various parts of substation and how they are operated.Also,I learned about how transmission line
is done in various part of Kargil Ladakh.
★ As evident from the ppt,a substation plays a very important role in transmission system .That's
why various protective measures are taken to protect the substation from various faults and
smoothing functions.
Reference

★ https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=bus+coupler++on+trasmission+line+circular+image+&
go=Search&qs=ds&form=QBIRMH&first=1
★ https://www.sunbirddcim.com/blog/what-single-line-diagram-and-what-it-used
★ https://youtu.be/3J2AbOjMnpE?si=o1UYXUy-7h6TXNa3
Thank you!