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INDUSTRY
KELOMPOK 1
I Made Arimbawa (06) Bimo Bayu Aji (16)
Kiki Kurnia S. A (37) Sinta Dewi (41)
Yakub Hendrikson M (47) Theressa Julieta (52)
Irene Tiarasari (60) Evi Nadilah G (66)
Dewi Anggraeni M (73)
01 Latar Belakang
02 Tinjauan Pustaka
TOPIK
03 Metodologi
04 Pembahasan
05 Kesimpulan
1
Latar Belakang
Latar Belakang Characteristics of natural gas in the pure
state include colorless, formless and
odorless. In addition, natural gas is capable
of producing clean combustion and also
Natural gas is a mixture composed of produces almost no emissions that can
hydrocarbon gases (CnH2n + 2) where they damage the environment.
are flammable and the main composition of
natural gas itself consists of methane (CH4) The main contaminants (impurities) of a gas
which is a hydrocarbon molecule with the are usually a mixture of organosulfur and
shortest and lightest chain. hydrogen sulfide which must be separated.
Gas with a significant amount of sulfur
impurity is called sour gas and is often
Products from natural gas used are LPG (Liquid referred to as "acid gas."
Petroleum Gas), CNG (Compressed Natural Gas), LNG
(Liquid Natural Gas) and CBM (Coal Bed Methane)
which are non-conventional sources that are being
developed in Indonesia. Indonesia has very large natural
gas reserves and is spread in various regions such as Arun
(Nangroe Aceh Darussalam), Natuna Island, Bontang
(East Kalimantan), and Tangguh (West Irian Jaya)
2
Tinjauan Pustaka
1. Sejarah Gas Alam dan Potensinya
• Natural gas was not initially recognized as an energy source but was considered a nuisance because it
was often discovered during the process of digging wells for water or salt water in the late 1800s.
Natural gas then became known in the American continent at the beginning of the 20th century when it
was used as a substitute for "coal gas" (gas produced from coal heating) to fuel heating systems.
• The use of natural gas in Indonesia itself began in 1974 in Cirebon by the National Gas Company (PGN)
as a substitute for "coal gas" for the household, commercial and industrial sectors.
• In Indonesia, there are already many natural gas transmission and distribution pipelines built by
PERTAMINA, KKKS, PGN and the private sector. However, the development of natural gas pipelines in
Indonesia is now a peace meal, meaning that the natural gas pipeline network will be built after the
discovery of new natural gas reserves and the existing gas consumers.
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1 2 3 4
LPG CNG LNG CBM
2. Other Compounds
Other gases such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, mercaptans, water vapor and
some traces of organic and inorganic compounds are also present in natural gas.
4. Pengaruh zat pengotor didalam gas alam
Gambar Skid tube CNG yang diangkut dengan truk dan kapal
7. Cluster LNG Storage Tank
Spesifikasi Produk
Metodologi
Diagram Alir Proses
Pengolahan Gas Alam
Pengolahan gas alam diperlukan untuk mendapatkan spesifikasi gas alam sesuai
dengan persyaratan produk yang baku, melindungi peralatan pengolahan gas
alam serta memastikan gas buang dari pengolahan gas alam tidak merusak
lingkungan.
Proses Pemisahan Dari Gas Pengotor Atau
Purifikasi
05
04 Pemisahan Pengotor Lainnya
Apabila Ada
Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Penentuan
Teknologi Pengolahan Yang Akan Diaplikasikan
Dalam Suatu Pabrik
01
Skema Proses
Pembahasan
Jenis – Jenis Pengolahan Gas Bumi
• Mekanisme Adsorbsi
Di dalam kolom adsorber, solid desiccant terbagi
menjadi 3 (tiga) daerah (Zone).
1. Saturation Zone
2. Mass Transfer Zone
3. Aktive Zone
• Regenerasi Adsorbent
Proses dan regenerasi adsorbent
Untuk regenerasi adsorbent yang sering digunakan adalah
dengan cara pemanasan. Cara pemanasan langsung dikontakkan
ke susunan solid dessicant (timbunan adsorbent di dalam
kolom) dengan menggunakan fluida panas yang suhunya 200-
300oC. Pada suhu tersebut, kandungan air di dalam solid
dessicant akan terlepas dan menguap ikut bersama fluida panas
tersebut. Pada saat proses regenerasi, kolom adsorber dalam
keadaan berhenti (tidak dioperasikan untuk proses dehidrasi)
dan dialihkan ke kolom adsorber lain yang sudah siap
dioperasikan, sehingga proses dehidrasi dapat berjalan secara
kontinyu
Keterangan :
Value 1 : Wet feed gas inlet (Gas Umpan Masuk)
Value 2 : Fluida Panas + Uap Air Keluar
Value 3 : Dry Gas Outlet (Gas Bebas Air Keluar)
Value 4 : Fluida Panas Masuk
• Proses dan regenerasi adsorbent
• Hasil pengolahan gas alam mentah dapat berupa gas alam kondensat,
sulfur, etana, dan gas alam cair (NGL) meliputi propana, butana, dan
C5+
• Produk gas alam berupa LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas), LPG
(Liquefied Petroleum Gas), dan lain sebagainya seperti CNG
(Compressed Natural Gas), HSD, MFO, dan IFO.