NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

Epoxy Resins for

Civil Engineering Applications

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

What is Civil Engineering ????

Concrete Protection and Repair

Floorings
– Self-leveling
– Trowelable
– Decorative Floorings [ Stone Carpets ]

Concrete Repair
– Mortars / Grouting
– Bonding Systems
– Crack Injection

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

Why Protect and Repair Concrete ?

• pH of concrete decreases due to acid attack

(CO2 , SO2 , acid rain etc.)

}
• pH decrease
Corrosion of steel rebars
• Chloride salts
(e.g. de-icing)

• Water absorption
of concrete
Frost

Degradation of Concrete

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

Desired properties

Protection and repair of concrete

• ambient cure application window

• easy to apply
• workable pot-life
• quick dry to enable to walk on it after 1 day
• impact strength
• flexural strength
• resistance against mechanical stresses
• crack bridging properties
• ground water protection
• chemical resistance
• self-leveling and seamless flooring systems

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

Features of Epoxy resins for CE

• adjustable curing speed at RT

• low sensitivity to moisture during curing
• very good adhesion on concrete and “green-concrete”
• very low linear shrinkage and corresponding tension
• very good chemical resistance
• very high durability

BUT

• limited weatherability (UV-light)

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

Typical Flooring Composition

• 2 Pack system [ or 3 pack ]

Component A Component B

Epoxy Resin Curing Agent

Pigments Pigments
Quartz sand
Additives Additives

mix prior to use, pot-life of 30 minutes to 2 hours

• Ambient Cure

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

Surface Preparation

Surface must be clean and sound.

All dirt, laitance, grease, curing compounds
and other foreign matter must be removed
by sandblasting, abrasion, or acid etching.
Water and dust must be removed from all
surfaces immediately prior to application.

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007
Crack Bridging Self-leveling Flooring System
Typical three layer (3 days operation) build-up

Concrete Inspection and Preparation

Finishing Layer
4 mm – 2700 g/mm2 to 2 mm thickness
– viscosity below 2000 mPa.s
Functional Layer
– 2700 g/m2 to 2 mm thickness
– viscosity below 2000 mPa.s

Concrete Substrate

Impregnation
– 300 - 500 g/m2
– viscosity below 500 mPa.s
– cover with 1000 g/m2 Quartz-sand 0.2 - 0.7 mm

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

Dow Epoxy resins for Civil Engineering

• D.E.R.™ 331™ / D.E.R. 336 Epoxy Resin

– Liquid Bisphenol-A based Epoxy Resin

• D.E.R. 354 Epoxy Resin

– Liquid Bisphenol-F based Epoxy Resin

• D.E.R. 352 / D.E.R. 356 Epoxy Resin

– Liquid Bisphenol-A/F Epoxy Resin
– { to prevent crystallization }

• Reactive Diluent Blends { reduced viscosity }

D.E.R. 321 / D.E.R. 324 Epoxy Resin
– Bisphenol-A type
D.E.R. 353 / D.E.R. 358 Epoxy Resin
– Bisphenol-A/F type

• D.E.R. 671-X75 and 684-EK40 Epoxy Resin Solutions

– Primer - Surface Impregnation

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

Self-leveling Flooring System

Typical formulation:
Binder [ % ] 40

• D.E.R.™324 Liquid Epoxy Resin 25.2

• Quartz-sand [ 0.1 - 0.3 mm ] 35.2
• Quartz-powder [ < 0.06 mm ] 22.5
• Titanium-dioxide [ Color ] 1.7
• Air-release agent 0.4
– e.g. BYK A-525
• Amine - Epoxy Adduct Curing Agent 15.1
(e.g. Polypox H 043 ex. UPPC )

{Concrete}
Compressive Strength = 50 N/mm2 { 40 }
Flexural Strength = 60 N/mm2 {4}
Tensile Strength = 43 N/mm2 {2}

STRONGER THAN CONCRETE !!!

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

D.E.R.™ 324 Liquid Epoxy Resin

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

Regulatory Trends

• ground water protection

» secondary containment

• VOC reduction and regulation

• elimination of aromatic amines

• use of safer reactive diluents

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

Technology Trends

– lower temperature cure

» curing down to, below, 0 °C
» mainly driven by curing agent
– lower viscosity { Bisphenol-A/F and RD blends }
» 500 - 6000 mPa.s @ 25 °C
– aqueous systems
» coatings on concrete
» polymer concrete
» Epoxy Cement Concrete
– flexible epoxy resins
» 50 - 200 % Elongation
» crack-bridging concrete
– non crystallizing Resins
» stable on filler addition
» winter time outside storage stable

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NEO Chemical Seminar 2007

End of the Civil Engineering Part !!!

Further Technical as well as Product Stewardship related information can be

found on www.Dowepoxy.com.
e.g.
Dow Epoxy Products Portfolio incl. Corresponding technical datasheets,
Dow Liquid Epoxy Resin Brochure
Dow Epoxy Novolac Brochure
Dow Epoxy Resin Product Stewardship Manual
Dow Epoxy Curing Agents Product Stewardship Manual

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