Electric Circuit

What's a circuit?

• A circuit is a closed loop through which electrons can

travel. In the circuit, electrical energy is supplied by a
power source, such as a battery. No electrons will move
unless the circuit is complete, that is, it makes a full circle
back to the electrical source.
The Four Essential Parts of an Electric Circuit

A. Source- Provide the electrical pressure in the circuit

Ex. Battery and AC outlet
B. Conducting path- Brings the electricity towards load
ex. Wires
C. Controling devices/ Switch- Controls the flow of
electricity, depending upon the discretion of the operator.
D. Load- Converts electricity to other form of energy.
Ex. Electric motor, Light bulb, television, refrigerator, etc
Types of Electric Circuits
Series Circuit
- Components connected in
series are connected along a
single "electrical path", and each
component has the same
current through it, equal to the
current through the network. The
voltage across the network is
equal to the sum of the voltages
across each component
Parallel Circuit
- parallel are connected along
multiple paths, and each
component has the same
voltage across it, equal to the
voltage across the network. The
current through the network is
equal to the sum of the currents
through each component.
 Advantages and Disadvantages of A Series
Circuit
Advantages Disadvantages
1.The current that flows in a series 1.There is only one path for the flow of
circuit has to flow through every electric current. If a bulb or lamp is
component in the circuit. Therefore, all burnt, other bulbs will not light up.
of the components in a series
connection carry the same current.
2. Series circuits are easy to learn and 2. If more bulb are added, the resistance
to make. Their simple design is easy to in the circuit increases causing the
understand, and this means that it’s electric current that flows to decrease.
simple to conduct repairs

3. The current in the bulb increases if 3. Cells in series do not last long
more cells are connected .
 Advantages and Disadvantages of A Parallel
Circuit
Advantages Disadvantages
1.If one of the bulb is burnt the other 1.The voltage does not increase or
bulbs continues to shine decrease if cells of the same type are
connected in parallel.

2. It becomes easy to connect or 2. The electric current in the circuit is

disconnect a new element without the same even though more cells are
affecting the working of other elements. connected in parallel.

3. Each bulb receives the same voltage 3. It requires the use of lot of wires.
that is supplied by the electric source.
 The Four Basic Physical
Quantities in Electricity
Voltage (V, in volts - V) is the electrical force responsible
for making electrical charge move.
Current (I, in amperes - A) is the "rate" that current is
flowing through the circuit or the number of electrons
moving through the wire.
Resistance (R, in ohms) is a measure of how much a
component opposes the movement of the current through it.
Watts are a measurement of power, describing the rate at
which electricity is being used at a specific moment.
Evaluation

Instructions: On a 1/2 sheet of paper answer the following

questions. Write the letters of your answers only.
1.It is the electrical force responsible for making electrical
charge move.
A.Volts B. Ampere C. Ohms D. Watts

2.It is a measure of how much a component opposes the

movement of the current through it.
A.Volts B. Ampere C. Ohms D. Watts
3. It is a measurement of power, describing the rate at
which electricity is being used at a specific moment.
A.Volts B. Ampere C. Ohms D. Watts
4.It is the "rate" that current is flowing through the circuit or
the number of electrons moving through the wire.
A.Volts B. Ampere C. Ohms D. Watts
5.It is a closed loop through which electrons can travel.
A.Circuit B. Wire C. Parallel D. Series
6.It is the path that the electricity flows through towards the
load.
A. Wire B. Bulb C. Battery D. Switch
7-8 Name at least 2 advantages of series circuit
9-10 Name at least 2 disadvantages of parallel circuit
Assignment

• Instructions: Using the PhET simulator, construct your

own electric circuit in both forms, the parallel and series
circuit. The link for the simulator will be posted on Google
Classroom. Take a screenshot of your output and upload
it to Google Classroom.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!!!!