1.

2 The Life Cycle of a Civil Engineering Project

 Civil Engineering project starts with idea, requirement
to fulfill demands, will to provide basic facilities to the
citizen by the state.
 Project ends with the infrastructure of facilities,
recreational center, industrial plants in operation as
reality.
 1.2 The Life Cycle of a Civil Engineering Project
(cont…)

In order to bring the idea generated into reality civil

engineering project passes through the following
phases:
1. Conceptual and Feasibility Studies.
2. Engineering Design.
3. Contracting and Procurement
4. Construction.
5.Commissioning of a project Start-up and
Implementation
6. Utilization and Maintenance
 1. Conceptual and Feasibility Studies
In this stage, ideas generated by individuals / a group of
people are studied.
Following important points are carried out to establish
the viability of the project
Conceptual development of the model and its studies
 Technical and economic feasibility studies

 Environmental and social impact assessment

 Land and geological survey-location of the project

 Enumeration of major problems in translating the project

to reality
Outcome of this phase: A report dealing with investigation and
studies concerning the problems to be encountered and its solution.
2. Engineering Design
In this stage, project takes the definite shape. All the
technical issues related to the project are carried
out. Engineers come out with the best alternatives
available.
Design phase of project is carried out in two phases
Preliminary design

Detailed design
Preliminary design
This stage involves primarily the studies of various
design alternative, their economic comparative
studies and architectural aspect.
Also, in this stage, detailed field investigation such as;
 soil testing,
geological,
hydrological data collection,
market survey, etc are carried out.
It is difficult to say the end of feasibility study and the
start of preliminary design. These steps are also a part
of feasibility study.
Detailed Design
In this stage, the project is broken down into its
components and each of the elements are analyzed
and designated, such that the engineer renders the
explicit drawings and specifications which is used
for construction
The following are the outcome of this phase
Drawing of the structures/facilities to be

constructed
Specifications of component to be employed

which contain detailed description of the

facilities to be constructed
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 Construction Bid Documents
Structural Mechanical
Architect Engineer And
Electrical Eng.

CAD Drafting
Software

Mechanical
Architectural Structural
Specifications & Electrical
Drawings Drawings
Drawings

Construction Bid Documents

9
3. Contracting and Procurement
In this stage, the bill of quantities are prepared, final
cost estimate is worked out.
Most of the agreements are signed and relationships
between different parties involved is defined
Following points are generally addressed during this
time.
 Tender notices are advertised
 Qualification of contractor / suppliers is studied.
 Contract is awarded to execute the work
 For many of the projects, such as industrial projects,
industrial material and equipment to be installed is purchased
Outcome of this stage: Contract document, which is a legal document
describing the terms and conditions to execute the project.
4. Construction
This is the most important phase of a civil
engineering project, where the major portion of the
money is invested.
A lot of issues of project management are involved
during this phase.
The project is realized in the real world.
The main work involved during construction is to
answer the following questions
How to do the particular construction (Construction Methods)
How to organize labor, materials and equipments to accomplish
the construction (Resources Management)
How to breakdown the overall work into small identifiable work
called activity and put them in sequence (Construction
Planning)
How to calculate the time and resources required to complete
the activity and obtain the criticality of the activity
(Construction Scheduling)
How to distribute the labor and equipments, in order to
accomplish the work in the given time (resource allocation)
How to prepare the bill for the money invested in the
construction to get the payment from the client (Construction
Finance)
How to conform the construction is according to drawing the
specifications (Quality of conformance)
 How to implement the safety measure taken during
construction (Construction safety)
 How to organize the different personals or the company
involved in the construction and define relations among them
(Constructional Organization management, construction sub
contracting, construction Supervision and method of
reporting)
 How to check whether the project is according to construction
schedule and quality (Construction supervision)
 What to do if things are not moving according to plan
(Disputes arbitration, Labor laws, Penalty)
Outcome of this stage
Facility or structures
5. Commissioning of a project

Aim of this phase is to check that the project has been

carried out according to the contract document.

All the facilities developed should function properly as

envisaged in the design.

Also during this stage changes in the design during the

construction is properly documented for the purpose

of technical performance and financial implications.
6. Utilization and maintenance
Basic infrastructure facilities created should be
utilized to its fullest capacity
Regular repair of the part getting damaged has to
be accomplished
This stage has become a very important stage in
dealing with project when we talk about the life
cycle cost of the project.
 Development, Design, Construction, and
Management Process

Sales,
Identify Plan & Architectural Operation
Secure Marketing
& Acquire Develop Engineering Construction &
Financing &
Real Estate Project Design Management
Promotion

Architect Architect

Contractors

Developers

Owners
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Thank you