Present

Present Tense
Tense
 Present Tense
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect Simple
Present Perfect Continuous
 Present Simple
We use the present simple to talk
about our habits and routines (things
we do regularly) and situations which
last for a long time:
ex: The Earth is spherical .
He plays football at the weekend.
She works for a bank.
 Present Simple
S+V / V (-s/ -es 3rd person plural)
+ (-s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x → -es)

S+ to do + not+ V
- S+ does + not +V (3rd person plural)

Do + S+ V
? Does + S+ V
 Present Simple
axis of time

Past Present Future

 Time Signals
• Usually, always, often, frequently,
sometimes, never, rarely, seldom,
generally.
• On Sunday, Monday…
• Every day, week, month, year.
• Once a week, twice a week…
 Examples

I usually get up at 7o’clock in the morning.

He smokes more than 10 cigarettes a day.
Water to boils at 100°C and meets at 0°C.
The Earth turns round the Sun.
The Sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
I don’t work on Saturday.
Do you like coffee or tea?
My grandmother reads newspaper every Morning.
 Present Continuous
• We use the present continuous tense to
talk about actions which are happening as
we speak and actions taking place around
now:
ex: Someone is ringing the door bell.
She is working in the library.
Can you be quiet, please. I am watching
television.
 Present Continuous
S +To be +V (-ing)
+

- S+ To be + not+ V (-ing)

? To be + S+ V (-ing)
 Present Continuous
axis of time

Past Present Future

 Time Signals
Now
At the present
At the moment
Look!
Listen!
 Examples
• What is John doing now?
• He is reading now.
• Mary is studding German this year.
• Look at the window! It is snowing!!!
ing
• Listen ! Somebody is coming to us!
• They are not sleeping now, they are
working at the moment!
 Present Perfect Simple
• We use the present perfect simple to
talk about an even which started in
the past and which ended recently,
or the moment of the ending isn’t
exactly specified.
Present Perfect Simple
S +Have / has +V3 (-ed)
+

- S+ Have / has + not+ V3 (-ed)

? Have / has + S+ V3 (-ed)

 Present Perfect Simple
axis of time

Past Present Future

 Time Signals
• Today, just (+ form), recently,
• Yet (-, ? Form), lately, already (+, ?),
• This week.
• Since → shows the beginning of
situation.
• For → shows the period of time.
 Examples
• I haven’t seen you for 9 years.
• I haven’t seen you since 1992.
• He hasn’t been in England for 3 months.
• He hasn’t been in England since July.
• I have recently read an interesting book.
• Have you seen Bill yet? He hasn't gone yet.
• I have just seen Bill.
• They have recently got divorced.
• I have been talking to John lately.
 Present Perfect
Continuous
• We use the present perfect continuous to
talk about an even which started in the
past and is continuing now:
Ex: I have been learning English for
six years.
They have been living in Paris for
the last eight months.
 Present Perfect
Continuous
+ S +Have / has + been V (-ing)

- S+ Have / has + not + been+ V (-ing)

? Have / has + S+ been + V (-ing)

 Present Perfect Continuous
axis of time

Past Present Future

 Time Signals
• For an hour, for a year,
• For last two days,
• Since 5 o’clock, since morning.
• How long? Since when?
 Examples
• I have been working since 8 o’clock.
• She has been doing her homework
for 6 hours.
What have you been doing?
We have been looking at photos for 2
hours.
How long has he been working in the Garden?
I have been studying English for ten years.
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