DRONE TECHNOLOGY BASICS

MASTER THE SKIES, UNLEASH YOUR DRONE'S POTENTIAL

PRESENTED BY- NITIN PARMAR

BASIC
UNDERSTANDING OF
DRONES
Drones, also known as unmanned
aerial vehicles (UAVs), are aircraft
that are operated without a human
pilot on board. They are controlled
remotely by a pilot on the ground or
can be programmed to fly
autonomously using pre-defined
routes and instructions.
COMPONENTS
REQUIRED
• Frame • Radio Transmitter and
• BLDC Motor Receiver
• Propellers • GPS
• ESC (Electronic Speed • Sensors
Controllers) • Camera/Gimble
• Flight Controllers • Onboard Computers
• Batteries • LEDs
FRAME
The frame is the basic structure that holds all the
components together. It provides stability and
protection to the internal components.
TYPES
BLDC Motors
• Drones typically have four or more motors, each
connected to a propeller. The motors generate the
necessary thrust to lift and maneuver the drone.
• Motors work by converting electrical energy into
mechanical energy. This mechanical energy is
then used to spin the propellers, which create
thrust that lifts the drone into the air.
PROPELLERS
• Propellers are attached to the motors and
generate the airflow needed for lift. They come
in different sizes and configurations depending
on the drone's design and purpose.
• Propellers are airfoils that create thrust when
they spin. The shape of the propeller blades is
designed to create a difference in air pressure
between the top and bottom of the propeller.
This difference in air pressure creates a force
that pushes the propeller forward.
TYPES
Electronic Speed
Controller (ESC)
• ESCs are responsible for controlling the speed
and direction of each motor. They do this by
sending pulses of electricity to the
motors, which causes them to spin at the
desired speed and they also receive signals
from the flight controller and adjust the power
sent to the motors accordingly.
TYPES
FLIGHT CONTROLLER
A flight controller is a small computer that is
responsible for controlling the flight of a drone.
It receives data from the drone's sensors, such
as the accelerometer, gyroscope, and compass,
and uses this data to calculate the drone's
current position and orientation. The flight
controller then uses this information to send
commands to the drone's motors, which cause
the drone to move in the desired direction.
 TYPES
KK 2.1.5 Controller
The KK 2.1.5 controller is a popular
flight control board for small to mid-
sized drones. It features a simple
interface with an LCD screen for easy
setup and tuning. With its built-in
gyroscope and accelerometer, it
provides stable flight performance
and supports various flight modes.
Naza M Lite Controller
The Naza-M Lite flight controller is a popular
choice for multirotor drones. Developed by DJI, it
provides precise and stable flight control for
aerial platforms. The Naza-M Lite features a
compact design, built-in gyroscope, and
accelerometer for accurate positioning and
attitude control. It supports various flight modes,
including GPS-assisted navigation, manual
control, and auto-leveling. With its user-friendly
interface and robust performance, the Naza-M
Lite is suitable for both hobbyists and
professional drone pilots.
•
PIXHAWK CONTROLLER
The Pixhawk flight controller is a widely used
and highly regarded open-source autopilot system
for UAVs and drones. It offers advanced flight
control capabilities and extensive customization
options. The Pixhawk is equipped with a
powerful processor, multiple sensors (such as
gyroscope, accelerometer, magnetometer, and
barometer), and interfaces for GPS, telemetry,
and other peripherals. It supports various flight
modes, waypoint navigation, and mission
planning.
BATTERY
Drones are powered by rechargeable
batteries, usually Lithium Polymer (LiPo)
batteries. The battery supplies electrical
energy to the motors, flight controller, and
other electronic components.
Ex- 3s, 4s, 6s
RADIO TRANSMITTER
The RF drone transmitter is the handheld
controller that wirelessly sends control
signals to the drone. It uses radio waves on a
specific frequency to communicate with the
drone's receiver, enabling the pilot to
maneuver the drone and execute commands
for flight control and other functions.
RECEIVER
The Flysky FS-iA6B RF 2.4GHz 6CH
receiver features PPM output and an iBus
port. It operates on the 2.4GHz frequency,
allowing for reliable and responsive
communication between the transmitter
and receiver. It offers 6 channels and
supports PPM output, making it
compatible with a variety of drone
systems and flight controllers. The iBus
port enables additional functionality and
integration with compatible devices
GPS
Drone GPS is a technology that allows drones
to determine their precise location and
navigate using signals from satellites. It
enables accurate positioning, waypoint
navigation, Return-to-Home functionality, and
geofencing. Integrated into flight controllers,
GPS enhances drone stability and autonomy,
supporting various applications with reliable
outdoor positioning.
Camera
• A drone camera is the imaging device that
captures photos or records videos during
flight. It allows drones to capture aerial
imagery for various applications,
providing unique perspectives and visual
data. The camera's capabilities,
stabilization, and remote control enhance
the drone's imaging capabilities and
functionality.
Gimble
A drone gimbal is a mechanical stabilizer that holds
and controls the camera mounted on a drone. It helps
to keep the camera steady and level during flight,
minimizing unwanted vibrations and movements.
Gimbals typically use motors and sensors to
counteract drone movements, providing smooth and
stabilized footage or images. The gimbal's primary
purpose is to ensure that the camera remains stable,
allowing for high-quality aerial photography,
videography, and other imaging applications.
Onboard Computer
An onboard computer in drones is a specialized system
integrated into the aircraft. It processes sensor data,
performs flight control algorithms, and enables
autonomous capabilities. The onboard computer also
manages data processing, payload control,
communication with ground stations, and facilitates
customization and development. It enhances drone
performance, enables advanced functionalities, and
supports complex tasks such as autonomous navigation
and real-time data analysis.
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR CONCERN