Lesson 4:

Socialization
Understanding Culture,
Society, and Politics

Group 2
 • Individual and
Society
For you or for an
individual to become a
functional member of the
society, you must have a
meaningful interaction
with the different social
structures and
institution.
•Socializatio
n
It refers to the
lifelong process of
social interaction
through which
people acquire their
identities and
necessary survival
skills in society.
 •
Enculturation
The process where and Society
the culture that is
currently established
teaches an individual
the accepted norms
and values of the
culture or society
where the individual
 • Identify
formation

Individual identity is form through interactions with

other people. Interaction of individual in his or her
society enables him or her to acquire certain
characteristic of the group or member of the society and
thus form his or her identity.
• Norms
and Values

Norms are culturally identified

rules or guide, this helps the
society identify if the behavior of
the member of the society are
right, wrong, proper or improper.
Appropriateness- like
wearing appropriate clothes
for a particular occasion. The two of most
important values that
Filipinos possess
Second popular are:
norm is the norm of Industry and utang
Tact and Courtesy. na loob
(reciprocity or debt
 • Social
Control
Mechanism
Mechanism of Social Control
in checking deviance is
important to ensure that
norms and conventions are
safeguarded and order
preserved.
 • Labelling
Theory
A person who is labelled as
deviant provides an
offensive signal to holders
of norms; non-conformity
is often tantamount to
disagreement and
• Gossip

This is usually
practice in a small-
scale society where
people know each
other personally.
• Laws
Laws are guide to make
sure that member of the
society will conforms to
the set of rules, norms
and mores.
 • Strain Theory
This was advanced by
sociologist Robert Merton
who claimed that the
operation of society
actually encourages
crime and other types of
deviance.
Conformity – Individual still tries to achieve and accept the cultural goals
through culturally approved method.

Innovation – Individual accept cultural goals but do it in a culturally

disapprove way.

Ritualism – Individual still live in the society but do not accept or try to do
cultural goals.

Retreat –
Individual no longer desire to achieve cultural goals and completely
abandoned the culturally approve way of doing it.
Rebellion –
Individual challenges the existing culturally approved way and try to make a
new one.
UNDERSTANDING CONFORMITY AND
DEVIANCE

There are lots of books in

sociology that define deviance in a broad
manner, ranging from violation of social
norms or breakage of conventions and ideas
of morality.
Sociologists view deviance as rooted in society and very
evident in three ways:

• Exist only in to cultural norms

• People become deviant as others define them that

way. Being deviant is in the eye of the beholder and
largely depends on the perception and definition of
the situation of other people.
• Both norms and the
way events are defined
are related to patterns
of social power. This
idea was advance my
Karl Marx, who
considered laws are
likely to protect the
powerful in the expense
of the powerless.
 THANK YOU
For listening to us,
I hope you learned
something new.
Group 2