THE

ATMOSPHERE
EARTH BIOLOGY ​
 Layers of the atmosphere

1 2 3 4 5
TROPOSPHER STRATOSPHER HESOSPHERE THERMOSPHER EXOSPHERE
E E E

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 Introduction
The atmosphere is a mixture of gases and is
held around the earth by GRAVITY.
THREE MAIN GASES: Oxygen, Nitrogen and
Carbon Dioxide. The mixture is called AIR.
Nitrogen is 78% and we use this gas to make
proteins. Oxygen is 21% and we used this to
breath and to stay alive. We also use this for the
breakdown of food. Carbon Dioxide is 0,03%
and plants need them for photosynthesis.

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 TROPOSHERE
0-10 km- Mount Everest

STRATOSPHERE
10-50 km- Weather Balloon

Layers of the MESOSPHERE

50-80 km- Meteors

atmosphere
THERMOSPHERE
80-350 km- Space Shuttles

EXOSPHERE
10 000 km
 Layers of Atmosphere
Troposphere All animals and plants live here
•

•Weather, meaning day-to-day temperatures occurs here

(Means turning and mixing) •Heated by the transfers of energy from the surface of earth
(sun heats it)

•Air is much thinner than in Troposphere

•Ozone absorbs high energy UV rays of the sun, if too much UV
Stratosphere
enters it could lead to disastrous effects (sunbird, skin cancer, eye
(contains ozone) damage)
•Temperature increases with increasing altitude

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 Layers of Atmosphere
Mesosphere •Temperature decrease with increasing altitude

(middle layer with cold air, •Meteoroids are found here (Shooting star)
•Sizes can vary of small pebble or large boulder
-100 degrees)

•Air is thin and can reach above 1000 degrees

•Satellites are found here, ISS orbits around earth (communicate
Thermosphere
information)
(thickest layer) •Protects earth from X rays and UV from sun and reflects radio

waves back to earth

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 Greenhouse effect ​
Gasses trap some of the
infrared radiation from the sun
and the re-radiation of heat by
the earth
As the concentration of
these gases rise, they trap
too much heat in and
causes the temperature of
earth to rise
The gasses responsible are
Carbon Dioxide, Methane and
Water vapor and Nitrous oxide
This heats up earth by slowing
down the escaped infrared energy
This is called the Greenhouse
effect​
this warms up the atmosphere to
sustain life and without it the air
was very cold
​

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 GLOBAL WARMING
Increase in the average temperature on earth.
Weather patterns and the climate have been
changing drastically over the last 2 decades.
Some areas experience floods and other severe
draughts. The thickness of the Artic ice have
reduced with 40% and this causes sea levels to rise
which leads to floods.
Agricultural corps will no longer be able to grow,
and this will lead to food shortages.

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Label and know the
layers of the
atmosphere