Introduction to

Critical
Thinking

Lecture 1

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 Learning Outcome
Students should be able to define critical thinking

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 Ask yourself

• What do you know about

critical thinking?
• Do you want to be a critical
thinker?
• Why is critical thinking
important?

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Definition of
critical Michael Scriven
Edward Glaser
thinking (1941)
& Richard Paul
(1987)

Richard Paul &

Linda Elder
(2008)

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Edward Glaser (1941)

Defines critical thinking as the ability to think critically: this involves three things:
( 1 ) an attitude of being disposed to consider in a thoughtful way the problems
and subjects that come within the range of one's experiences,
(2) knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning, and
(3) some skill in applying those methods.

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Michael Scriven & Richard Paul
(1987)
Critical thinking is defined as the intellectually disciplined process of actively and
skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating
information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection,
reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action.
Has two components:
1) a set of information and belief generating and processing skills,
2) the habit, based on intellectual commitment, of using those skills to guide
behavior.

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Richard Paul & Linda
Elder (2008)
• Critical thinking is that mode of thinking - about any subject,
content, or problem - in which the thinker improves the quality
of his or her thinking by skillfully taking charge of the
structures inherent in thinking and imposing intellectual
standards upon them.
• Critical thinking is, in short, self-directed, self-disciplined,
self-monitored, and self-corrective thinking.
• It entails effective communication and problem-solving
abilities and a commitment to overcome our native
egocentrism and sociocentrism.

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ICT500 UiTM Malaysia
So…what do
you
understand
about critical
thinking?

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Let’s try this

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 Class Exercise:

• Express yourself using a different medium.

• You may choose to express your feeling using
• Visual
OR
• Audio

• Present your expression to the class

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Reflection
Can you now define critical thinking?

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