CHILD CARE

MS. AMOR A. ALAPIDE

INSTRUCTOR
CBLM Prepared by:
Ms. Melany R. Venancio, PTRP
TODDLERS
Toddlers
Very crucial/critical stage = 50% of
intelligence is achieved
•Age 1 – 3 y/o
•2nd stage of HGD
•“terrible two’s” enormous changes
take place
•Demands to do things their own
way which usually leads to temper
tantrums
C.G. App.: help the child build
self – esteem
self – control,
Independence & self – confidence.
Physical Growth:

Weight:
•Gains 4 – 6 lbs/year
•At 15 months = average of 24 lbs
•At 30 months = average of 28 lbs
•Baby fats disappear at 3 y/o &
becomes leaner, more muscular

Height
•Ave. gain: 2½ inch/yr
•I5 mos. Child legs may appear
protruded (bowlegged)
Head & Chest Circumference
•6 mos. – 1 y/o = head & chest
circumference are equal
•2 y/o = chest circumference
is greater than head

Body Contour
•Abdomen: prominent , pouch
belly
•Rationale: abdominal
muscles are not yet strong
enough to support abdominal
contents
•Lordosis ( anterior curvature
of spine)
•Walks with wide stance
Teeth
•20 deciduous teeth = 2½ - 3 y/o
•At 2 y/o = start teaching child to
brush his own teeth to becomes a
habit if seen in parents or older
sibling
Promoting Toddler Development
in Daily Activities
•Foster independence & help
develop activities in self – care.
•Provide autonomy yet maintain a
safe environment.
•Make routine which help child
feel safe & in control
Dressing
•Undress himself
•Dresses simple clothes & little
help
•Able to unzip, snap & unstrapped
clothes
•Put shoes on wrong feet, shirt &
pants back wards
C.G App.:
•Encourage parents to give up
perfection for developing autonomy
•Do not criticize
•Begin a positive statement (ex. “you
did a good job”)
Sleep
•Ave.: 10 – 13 hours/day
•2 naps/day (at least)
•Toddlers need to for sleep gradually
decreases
C.G. App.:
•Implement rules /set limits
•Include nap as a routine
•May offer milk, bath, pajama, favorite
teddy, blanket or reading a story
•At 2y/o = ready to be moved out of crib
•Move regular bed, preventing falls from
crib
Bathing
• Depends on parents wishes &
schedule
• Schedule should not be rigid
not to become frightening
• Do not leave toddlers
UNSUPERVISED
Care of the Teeth
•Provide nutritious food to
prevent decay
•Provide toothbrush they can
recognize their own
•Supervises as he brushes
•At 2 y/o: first dentist visit
Feeding

•Attempts to feed himself & a tippy cup,

spoon & fork
•May spill food at first
•3 y/o fed himself easily
•Do not mixed up foods
•Offer small amounts
•Can offer “ finger foods” on a clean plate:
promotes INDEPENDENCE
•DAWDLING is present: choosy
 Developmental Milestone
12 – 14 mos. = stands alone
= starts to walk
15 – 16 mos. = walks alone
17 – 18 mos. = emerging hand dominance
19 – 20 mos. = reciprocal arm swing
= walks side ways
= kick /throws ball forward
= walks upstairs, holding, non
- alternating

21 – 22 mos. = walks downstairs

= builds 5 – 6 blocks
2 y/o = starts to run
2 ½ y/o = jumps on B feet in place
3 y/o = runs well
• Building blocks textbook for toddlers

building blocks

• Starts to walk alone

Associate Play
Toilet Training

• Should introduce when a

child achieves his bowel &
bladder control
• Bowel & bladder control =
18 mos.
• Daytime bowel & bladder
control = 2 ½ years
• Night time bowel & bladder
control = 3 y/o
Physical Signs in Toilet Training
• Pushing & concentration
• Points to name body parts
• Able to walk
• Shows signs of irritability
Behavioral Characteristics of Toddler
1. Hyperactive & Curious
C.G App.
 Reduce carbohydrate intake
 Reduce sweet and candies
 Increase protein intake
 Increase vitamins and minerals
2.Negativistic/Headstrong
C.G. App.
 Provide questions/commands not answerable by yes or no.
 Provide choices
 Associate play/humor
 Provide an ample time for each activity
3.Temper Tantrums
Physical aggression demonstrated
by a child in response to frustration

C.G. App.
• Ignore Behavior
• Divert Attention
•Stay Calm and don’t over react
•Be firm and consistent
4. Sibling Rivalry
• Stage where child learns of the difference
given to other siblings
C.G. App.
• Treat children equally
• Never compare
• Condition the child for the upcoming baby
• Give them an appropriate time
5. Distinct decrease in appetite & poor sense of
time
• C.G App.
• Form a habit of routine of sleeping and eating
• Be more flexible in providing meals
• Never force children to eat and sleep
• Make the food attractive
6. Readiness in toilet training
Steps:
• Teach them words you want him to
use in urinating and defecating.
• Provide a potty chair without diapers.
• Make him sit on the chair and wash
afterwards
• Tell the child that he could actually
use potty the way adults use
• Congratulate them for successful
events.
• Never force the child to be toilet
trained.
• THE END OF TODDLERS LECTURE
• THANK YOU!!!